html - 如何使用 "getElementByClassName()"解析 VBA 中的 HTML 元素？

Question

我将从 HTML 中获取元素的值。
HTML 代码如下。
它可以显示在屏幕上。
Code screenshot

Dim xmlhttp As Object
Dim url As String
Dim toTranslate As String
Dim htmldoc As HTMLDocument


toTranslate = TextBox1.Value
url = "http://dict.youdao.com/search?q=" & toTranslate & "&keyfrom=dict.index"
Set xmlhttp = CreateObject("MSXML2.XMLHTTP") '创建XML对象

xmlhttp.Open "GET", url, False '用GET 发送请求

xmlhttp.send
'等待响应
Do While xmlhttp.readyState <> 4
    DoEvents
Loop
Dim explore As New InternetExplorer


'Set htmldoc =explore.document

MsgBox xmlhttp.responseText

但是我想在类是“trans-container”(每个中文单词)的元素中获取标签“li”的每个值。
The content I want to get
我只知道“getElementsByClassName()”这个方法，但是不知道怎么用。谢谢你的帮助!

Answer 1

您需要从响应中创建一个 HTMLDocument 对象并将其用于解析。如代码中注释的，需要使用早期绑定(bind)才能使用方法getElementsByClassName .
尝试以下操作:

Dim url As String
Dim toTranslate As String

toTranslate = TextBox1.Value
' Note: use https:// rather than http://
url = "https://dict.youdao.com/search?q=" & toTranslate & "&keyfrom=dict.index"

' Creating and sending the request:
Dim xmlhttp As Object
Set xmlhttp = CreateObject("MSXML2.XMLHTTP") '创建XML对象

xmlhttp.Open "GET", url, False '用GET 发送请求
xmlhttp.setRequestHeader "User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.0)"
xmlhttp.send ""

' Getting the response
' This needs to be early bound so the method getElementsByClassName is available!
' The required reference is "Microsoft HTML Object Library"
Dim objHTML as HTMLDocument
Set objHTML = New HTMLDocument

objHTML.body.innerHTML = xmlhttp.responseText

' Parsing the response
Dim objTransContainers as Object, objTransContainer as Object
Dim objLis as Object, objLi as Object
Dim retText as String

Set objTransContainers = objHTML.getElementsByClassName("trans-container")

For Each objTransContainer in objTransContainers 
    Set objLis = objTransContainer.getElementsByTagName("li")
    For Each objLi in objLis
        retText = retText & objLi.innerText & vbNewLine
    Next objLi
Next objTransContainer 

MsgBox retText

或者，您可以只使用标签并在循环中检查类名以进行解析。优点是，此方法也适用于后期绑定(bind)的 HTMLDocument:

' Getting the response:
Dim objHTML as Object
Set objHTML = CreateObject("htmlFile")

' Note: this objHTML.write will not work with early binding! 
' In that case you have to use the .body.innerHTML 
' like in the code sample above.
With objHTML
    .Open
    .write xmlhttp.responseText
    .Close
End With

' Parsing the response
Dim objDivs as Object, objDiv as Object
Dim objLis as Object, objLi as Object
Dim retText as String

Set objDivs = objHTML.getElementsByTagName("div")

For Each objDiv in objDivs
    If objDiv.className = "trans-container" Then
        Set objLis = objDiv.getElementsByTagName("li")
        For Each objLi in objLis
            retText = retText & objLi.innerText & vbNewLine
        Next objLi
    End If
Next objDiv

MsgBox retText