sql - 创建基于历史表的 View

Question

我想基于带有历史记录表的数据库创建一个 SQL View 。

哪个是最好的解决方案(快速有效)。我尚未创建应用程序，也无法更新数据库表。我只能创建 View 。

这是上下文:

我的应用程序管理契约(Contract)。契约(Contract)包含一般信息并链接到联系人、法律引用和投资组合。更新完成后，会在历史表中添加一个新行(新 ID_HIST)。如果对联系人、法律引用或投资组合进行了更新，则在表 contract_HIST(具有相同的 ID_HIST)中同样添加一个新行。

我的目的是创建一个 View 来显示与以前的 ID HIST 相比在一行 (ID HIST) 上完成的更新，例如:



因此，对于每次更新(针对特定日期，感谢 ID HIST)，我们可以查看一般信息、联系人、法律引用或/和投资组合是否已更新。

下面是数据库的结构:





在表中，可以将一个或多个投资组合分配给同一更新的契约(Contract)。

有关信息:例如，如果在新更新期间，契约(Contract)的联系人已被删除，则在该契约(Contract)的 contract_hist 中添加新行(具有新的 ID_HIST)，但未在表 contact_hist 中添加新行。法律引用和投资组合也是如此。

这里的 View 应该显示:



这里是用于测试的数据库脚本:

    --------------------------------------------------------  
-- DDL for Table CONTACT_HIST  
--------------------------------------------------------  

  CREATE TABLE "CONTACT_HIST"   
   (     "ID_HIST" NUMBER,   
     "ID_CONTRAT" NUMBER,   
     "NAME_CONTACT" VARCHAR2(20 BYTE)  
   ) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE   
  PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255   
 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING  
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645  
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1  
  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)  
  TABLESPACE "RAM" ;  
REM INSERTING into BO.CONTACT_HIST  
SET DEFINE OFF;  
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (1,1,'Bernard');  
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (1,1,'Jean');  
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (2,1,'Nicolas');  
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (2,1,'Jean');  
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (3,2,'Nicolas');  
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (5,2,'Nicolas');  

--------------------------------------------------------  
-- DDL for Table CONTRAT_HIST  
--------------------------------------------------------  

  CREATE TABLE "BO"."CONTRAT_HIST"   
   (     "ID_HIST" NUMBER,   
     "DATE_CREATION" DATE,   
     "ID_CONTRAT" NUMBER,   
     "TITRE_CONTRAT" VARCHAR2(250 BYTE),   
     "DESCRIPTION" VARCHAR2(250 BYTE),   
     "BUDGET" NUMBER  
   ) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE   
  PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255   
 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING  
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645  
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1  
  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)  
  TABLESPACE "RAM" ;  
REM INSERTING into BO.CONTRAT_HIST  
SET DEFINE OFF;  
Insert into BO.CONTRAT_HIST (ID_HIST,DATE_CREATION,ID_CONTRAT,TITRE_CONTRAT,DESCRIPTION,BUDGET) values (1,to_date('01-JAN-15','DD-MON-RR'),1,'Contrat 1 ','Contrat Informatique ',20000);  
Insert into BO.CONTRAT_HIST (ID_HIST,DATE_CREATION,ID_CONTRAT,TITRE_CONTRAT,DESCRIPTION,BUDGET) values (2,to_date('15-JAN-15','DD-MON-RR'),1,'Contrat 1 ','Contrat Informatique ',50000);  
Insert into BO.CONTRAT_HIST (ID_HIST,DATE_CREATION,ID_CONTRAT,TITRE_CONTRAT,DESCRIPTION,BUDGET) values (3,to_date('02-FEB-15','DD-MON-RR'),2,'Contrat 2 ','Contrat Santé ',10000);  
Insert into BO.CONTRAT_HIST (ID_HIST,DATE_CREATION,ID_CONTRAT,TITRE_CONTRAT,DESCRIPTION,BUDGET) values (4,to_date('01-MAR-15','DD-MON-RR'),2,'Contrat 2 ','Contrat Consommateur ',30000);  
Insert into BO.CONTRAT_HIST (ID_HIST,DATE_CREATION,ID_CONTRAT,TITRE_CONTRAT,DESCRIPTION,BUDGET) values (5,to_date('01-JUL-15','DD-MON-RR'),1,'Contrat 1 ','Contrat Informatique ',50000);  
--------------------------------------------------------  
-- DDL for Index CONTRAT_HIST_PK  
--------------------------------------------------------  

  CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "BO"."CONTRAT_HIST_PK" ON "BO"."CONTRAT_HIST" ("ID_HIST")   
  PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS   
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645  
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1  
  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)  
  TABLESPACE "RAM" ;  
--------------------------------------------------------  
-- Constraints for Table CONTRAT_HIST  
--------------------------------------------------------  

  ALTER TABLE "BO"."CONTRAT_HIST" ADD CONSTRAINT "CONTRAT_HIST_PK" PRIMARY KEY ("ID_HIST")  
  USING INDEX PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS   
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645  
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1  
  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)  
  TABLESPACE "RAM"  ENABLE;  
  ALTER TABLE "BO"."CONTRAT_HIST" MODIFY ("ID_HIST" NOT NULL ENABLE);  

--------------------------------------------------------  
-- DDL for Table LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST  
--------------------------------------------------------  

  CREATE TABLE "BO"."LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST"   
   (     "ID_HIST" NUMBER,   
     "ID_CONTRAT" NUMBER,   
     "LEG_REF_NAME" VARCHAR2(250 BYTE)  
   ) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE   
  PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255   
 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING  
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645  
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1  
  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)  
  TABLESPACE "RAM" ;  
REM INSERTING into BO.LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST  
SET DEFINE OFF;  
Insert into BO.LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,LEG_REF_NAME) values (1,1,'45 - Technologies et Systeme d''Information');  
Insert into BO.LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,LEG_REF_NAME) values (2,2,'105 - Consommateur et Santé');  
Insert into BO.LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,LEG_REF_NAME) values (5,1,'27 - Services');  

--------------------------------------------------------  
-- DDL for Table PORTFOLIO_HIST  
--------------------------------------------------------  

  CREATE TABLE "BO"."PORTFOLIO_HIST"   
   (     "ID_HIST" NUMBER,   
     "ID_CONTRAT" NUMBER,   
     "PORTFOLIO_ID" NUMBER,   
     "PORTFOLIO_NAME" VARCHAR2(250 BYTE),   
     "PORTFOLIO_VALUE" NUMBER  
   ) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE   
  PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255   
 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING  
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645  
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1  
  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)  
  TABLESPACE "RAM" ;  
REM INSERTING into BO.PORTFOLIO_HIST  
SET DEFINE OFF;  
Insert into BO.PORTFOLIO_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,PORTFOLIO_ID,PORTFOLIO_NAME,PORTFOLIO_VALUE) values (2,1,1,'Portfolio 1',5000);  
Insert into BO.PORTFOLIO_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,PORTFOLIO_ID,PORTFOLIO_NAME,PORTFOLIO_VALUE) values (2,1,2,'Portfolio 2',7000);  
Insert into BO.PORTFOLIO_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,PORTFOLIO_ID,PORTFOLIO_NAME,PORTFOLIO_VALUE) values (4,2,1,'Portfolio 1',2000);  
Insert into BO.PORTFOLIO_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,PORTFOLIO_ID,PORTFOLIO_NAME,PORTFOLIO_VALUE) values (4,2,2,'Portfolio 2',8000);  
commit;  

Answer 1

开始了:

首先:创建一个存储函数(或包中的函数)，如下所示:

create or replace function test_history(i_contract_id  in number,
                                        i_date_created in date,
                                        i_type         in varchar2)
  return varchar2 is
  l_sql    varchar2(1000);
  l_result number;
begin
  l_sql := 'select 1 from test_history_tb where id_contract = :1 and date_creation = :2 and ' ||
           i_type || ' = :3 and rownum = 1';
  execute immediate l_sql
    into l_result
    using i_contract_id, i_date_created, 'update';

  return('update');

exception
  when no_data_found then
    return('no_update');
end;

第二:根据函数创建查询:

create view xxx as

select id_contract, date_creation,
       test_history(a.id_contract, a.date_creation, 'general_info') general_info,
       test_history(a.id_contract, a.date_creation, 'contract') contract,
       test_history(a.id_contract, a.date_creation, 'legal') legal,
       test_history(a.id_contract, a.date_creation, 'portfolio') portfolio
from test_history_tb a
group by a.id_contract, a.date_creation;

这个解决方案不是那么快，因为对于每一行我们都有一个函数调用。但如果您使用 where 子句过滤数据，它将是一种替代方法。

表中的示例数据:


...这是 View 上的查询的样子: