python-2.7 - ipython/pylab/matplotlib安装初始化报错

Question

我在 OS X El Captain 上安装了 matplotlib、anaconda、ipython。然而，即使在尝试以所有可能的方式设置环境变量之后，我也无法启动 ipython shell --pylab 版本。

这是错误。

ImportError: dlopen(/Users/apple/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_png.so, 2): Library not loaded: @rpath/libpng16.16.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/apple/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_png.so
Reason: Incompatible library version: _png.so requires version 40.0.0 or later, but libpng16.16.dylib provides version 39.0.0

最初，在正常的 pip install matplotlib 之后，matplotlib 没有出现。使用从“conda”重新安装 matplotlib 后
conda install -c conda-forge matplotlib=1.5.2，我没有收到导入错误 pf package not found 但 pylab 版本仍然不起作用。我尝试升级 libpng 库，并将其安装在/usr/local 中，但也没有用。不知道_png.so要怎么升级
在/anaconda/site-packages/matplotlib 文件夹中。
我也试过设置 libpng.x.dylib 库的环境变量我不知道为什么它不起作用或者我没有正确完成它。

这是完整的屏幕截图，以防万一:-

IPython 5.0.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
?         -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help      -> Python's own help system.
object?   -> Details about 'object', use 'object??' for extra details.
TerminalIPythonApp WARNING | Eventloop or matplotlib integration failed. Is matplotlib installed?

ImportError                               Traceback (most recent call last)
/Users/apple/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/core/shellapp.pyc in <lambda>(key)
    196         shell = self.shell
    197         if self.pylab:
--> 198             enable = lambda key: shell.enable_pylab(key, import_all=self.pylab_import_all)
    199             key = self.pylab
    200         elif self.matplotlib:

/Users/apple/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.pyc in enable_pylab(self, gui, import_all, welcome_message)
     2972         from IPython.core.pylabtools import import_pylab
     2973 
---> 2974         gui, backend = self.enable_matplotlib(gui)
     2975 
     2976         # We want to prevent the loading of pylab to pollute the user's

/Users/apple/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.pyc in enable_matplotlib(self, gui)
     2933 gui, backend = pt.find_gui_and_backend(self.pylab_gui_select)
     2934 
 --->2935         pt.activate_matplotlib(backend)
     2936         pt.configure_inline_support(self, backend)
     2937 

/Users/apple/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/core/pylabtools.pyc in activate_matplotlib(backend)
     293     matplotlib.rcParams['backend'] = backend
     294 
 --> 295     import matplotlib.pyplot
     296     matplotlib.pyplot.switch_backend(backend)
     297 

/Users/apple/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py in <module>()
     27 from cycler import cycler
     28 import matplotlib
 --->29 import matplotlib.colorbar
     30 from matplotlib import style
     31 from matplotlib import _pylab_helpers, interactive

/Users/apple/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/colorbar.py in <module>()
     32 import matplotlib.artist as martist
     33 import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
---> 34 import matplotlib.collections as collections
     35 import matplotlib.colors as colors
     36 import matplotlib.contour as contour

/Users/apple/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/collections.py in <module>()
     25 import matplotlib.artist as artist
     26 from matplotlib.artist import allow_rasterization
---> 27 import matplotlib.backend_bases as backend_bases
     28 import matplotlib.path as mpath
 29 from matplotlib import _path

/Users/apple/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/backend_bases.py in <module>()
     60 
     61 import matplotlib.tight_bbox as tight_bbox
---> 62 import matplotlib.textpath as textpath
     63 from matplotlib.path import Path
     64 from matplotlib.cbook import mplDeprecation, warn_deprecated

/Users/apple/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/textpath.py in <module>()
     16 from matplotlib.ft2font import FT2Font, KERNING_DEFAULT, LOAD_NO_HINTING
     17 from matplotlib.ft2font import LOAD_TARGET_LIGHT
---> 18 from matplotlib.mathtext import MathTextParser
     19 import matplotlib.dviread as dviread
     20 from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties

/Users/apple/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/mathtext.py in <module>()
     58 
     59 import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
---> 60 import matplotlib._png as _png
     61 ####################
     62 

ImportError: dlopen(/Users/apple/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_png.so, 2): Library not loaded: @rpath/libpng16.16.dylib
  Referenced from: /Users/apple/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_png.so
  Reason: Incompatible library version: _png.so requires version 40.0.0 or later, but libpng16.16.dylib provides version 39.0.0

Answer 1

尝试:

brew uninstall libpng
conda uninstall matplotlib
conda install matplotlib