json - 如何在同一条消息中多次循环不同类型的嵌套 JSON 对象

Question

再来一次 Python 菜鸟。我正在尝试创建一个 python 脚本来自动生成一个包含多个项目的 JSON，但使用 for 循环多次记录来生成它们，JSON 消息是结构化的，基数如下:

messageHeader[1]
-item [1-*]
--itemAttributesA [0-1]
--itemAttributesB [0-1]
--itemAttributesC [0-1]
--itemLocaton [1]
--itemRelationships [0-1] 

在循环遍历同一个对象之前，我得到了一些非常好的帮助，但是对于一个记录，例如只有 itemRelationships 记录。但是，一旦我尝试创建包含多个项目(即 5 个)和 itemAttribute、itemLocation 和 itemRelationships 的单个实例的一条消息，它就不起作用，因为我不断收到关键错误。我试图定义与我正在尝试做的事情相关的 keyError 是什么，但无法将我做错的事情与其他地方的示例联系起来。

这是我的代码:

import json
import random

data = {'messageID': random.randint(0, 2147483647), 'messageType': 'messageType'}
data['item'] = list()

itemAttributeType = input("Please selct what type of Attribute item has, either 'A', 'B' or 'C' :")

for x in range(0, 5):
    data['item'].append({
        'itemId': "I",
        'itemType': "T"})

    if itemAttributeType == "A":
        data['item'][0]['itemAttributesA']

        data['item'][0]['itemAttributesA'].append({
            'attributeA': "ITA"})

    elif itemAttributeType == "B":
        data['item'][0]['itemAttributesB']

        data['item'][0]['itemAttributesB'].append({
            'attributeC': "ITB"})

    else:
        data['item'][0]['itemAttributesC']

        data['item'][0]['itemAttributesC'].append({
            'attributeC': "ITC"})
        pass

data['item'][0]['itemLocation'] = {
        'itemDetail': "ITC"}

itemRelation = input("Does the item have a relation: ")
if itemRelation > '':
    data['item'][0]['itemRelations'] = {
        'itemDetail': "relation"}
else:
    pass

print(json.dumps(data, indent=4))

我试过也试过这个代码，它给了我更好的结果:

import json
import random

data = {'messageID': random.randint(0, 2147483647), 'messageType': 'messageType'}
data['item'] = list()

itemAttributeType = input("Please selct what type of Attribute item has, either 'A', 'B' or 'C' :")

for x in range(0, 5):
    data['item'].append({
        'itemId': "I",
        'itemType': "T"})

    if itemAttributeType == "A":
        data['item'][0]['itemAttributesA'] = {
            'attributeA': "ITA"}

    elif itemAttributeType == "B":
        data['item'][0]['itemAttributesB'] = {
            'attributeB': "ITB"}

    else:
        data['item'][0]['itemAttributesC'] = {
            'attributeC': "ITC"}
        pass

data['item'][0]['itemLocation'] = {
        'itemDetail': "ITC"}

itemRelation = input("Does the item have a relation: ")
if itemRelation > '':
    data['item'][0]['itemRelations'] = {
        'itemDetail': "relation"}
else:
    pass

print(json.dumps(data, indent=4))

这实际上给了我一个结果，但给了我 messageHeader、item、itemAttributeA、itemLocation、itemRelations，然后是最后的四个项目记录，如下所示:

{
    "messageID": 1926708779,
    "messageType": "messageType",
    "item": [
        {
            "itemId": "I",
            "itemType": "T",
            "itemAttributesA": {
                "itemLocationType": "ITA"
            },
            "itemLocation": {
                "itemDetail": "location"
            },
            "itemRelations": {
                "itemDetail": "relation"
            }
        },
        {
            "itemId": "I",
            "itemType": "T"
        },
        {
            "itemId": "I",
            "itemType": "T"
        },
        {
            "itemId": "I",
            "itemType": "T"
        },
        {
            "itemId": "I",
            "itemType": "T"
        }
    ]
}

我想要实现的是这个输出:

{
    "messageID": 2018369867,
    "messageType": "messageType",
    "item": [{
        "itemId": "I",
        "itemType": "T",
        "itemAttributesA": {
            "attributeA": "ITA"
        },
        "itemLocation": {
            "itemDetail": "Location"
        },
        "itemRelation": [{
            "itemDetail": "D"
        }]
    }, {
        "item": [{
            "itemId": "I",
            "itemType": "T",
            "itemAttributesB": {
                "attributeA": "ITB"
            },
            "itemLocation": {
                "itemDetail": "Location"
            },
            "itemRelation": [{
                "itemDetail": "D"
            }]
        }, {
            "item": [{
                "itemId": "I",
                "itemType": "T",
                "itemAttributesC": {
                    "attributeA": "ITC"
                },
                "itemLocation": {
                    "itemDetail": "Location"
                },
                "itemRelation": [{
                    "itemDetail": "D"
                }]
            }, {
                "item": [{
                        "itemId": "I",
                        "itemType": "T",
                        "itemAttributesA": {
                            "attributeA": "ITA"
                        },
                        "itemLocation": {
                            "itemDetail": "Location"
                        },
                        "itemRelation": [{
                            "itemDetail": "D"
                        }]
                    },
                    {
                        "item": [{
                            "itemId": "I",
                            "itemType": "T",
                            "itemAttributesB": {
                                "attributeA": "ITB"
                            },
                            "itemLocation": {
                                "itemDetail": "Location"
                            },
                            "itemRelation": [{
                                "itemDetail": "D"
                            }]
                        }]
                    }
                ]
            }]
        }]
    }]
}

我一整天都在做这件事，试图让它工作，在代码上大肆挥霍，我哪里出错了，任何帮助将不胜感激

Answer 1

你的接近。我认为您缺少的部分是添加 dict到您当前的 dict并用您的 for 缩进环形。

import json
import random

data = {'messageID': random.randint(0, 2147483647), 'messageType': 'messageType'}
data['item'] = list()

itemAttributeType = input("Please selct what type of Attribute item has, either 'A', 'B' or 'C' :")

for x in range(0, 5):
    data['item'].append({
        'itemId': "I",
        'itemType': "T"})

    if itemAttributeType == "A":
        # First you need to add `itemAttributesA` to your dict:
        data['item'][x]['itemAttributesA'] = dict()
        # You could also do data['item'][x] = {'itemAttributesA': = dict()}

        data['item'][x]['itemAttributesA']['attributeA'] = "ITA"
    elif itemAttributeType == "B":
        data['item'][x]['itemAttributesB'] = dict()

        data['item'][x]['itemAttributesB']['attributeC'] = "ITB"

    else:
        data['item'][x]['itemAttributesC'] = dict()
        data['item'][x]['itemAttributesC']['attributeC'] = "ITC"

    data['item'][x]['itemLocation'] = {'itemDetail': "ITC"}

    itemRelation = input("Does the item have a relation: ")
    if itemRelation > '':
        data['item'][x]['itemRelations'] = {'itemDetail': "relation"}
    else:
        pass

print(json.dumps(data, indent=4))

如果您的示例接近您真正想要的，此代码也可以大大缩短:

import json
import random

data = {'messageID': random.randint(0, 2147483647), 'messageType': 'messageType'}
data['item'] = list()

itemAttributeType = input("Please selct what type of Attribute item has, either 'A', 'B' or 'C' :")

for x in range(0, 5):
    new_item = {
        'itemId': "I",
        'itemType': "T",
        'itemAttributes' + str(itemAttributeType): {
            'attribute' + str(itemAttributeType): "IT" + str(itemAttributeType)
        },
        'itemLocation': {'itemDetail': "ITC"}
    }

    itemRelation = input("Does the item have a relation: ")
    if itemRelation > '':
        new_item['itemRelations'] = {'itemDetail': itemRelation}
    data['item'].append(new_item)

print(json.dumps(data, indent=4))

另注:如果你想要 messageID要真正独特而不是您应该查看 UUID ;否则您可能有匹配的消息 ID。

import uuid
unique_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
print(unique_id)