powershell - Get-EventLog - 某些事件日志源缺少有效消息

Question

我正在使用 get-eventlog 提取和过滤系统事件日志数据。我发现的是 get-event log 无法正确返回与某些条目关联的消息。这些条目通常出现在事件日志查看器中。例如。

get-eventlog -logname system | ? { $_.source -eq "Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-General" }

返回 8 个条目，所有条目都具有以下形式的消息:

The description for Event ID '12' in Source 'Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-General' cannot be found.  
The local computer may not have the necessary registry information or message DLL files to display the message, or you may not have permission to access them.  
The following information is part of the event:'6', '1', '7601', '18798', '1', '0', '2015-06-13T08:33:32.359599800Z'

如果我过滤同一来源的系统事件日志，我可以清楚地看到完整的消息。例如

The operating system started at system time ‎2015‎-‎06‎-‎13T08:33:32.359599800Z.

我运行以下命令以查看是否有任何其他提供程序无法返回有效的事件消息:

get-eventlog -LogName system | ? { $_.Message -like "The description for Event ID*" }  | Group-Object -Property Source | Select-Object -Property Name

Name
----
Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-General
DCOM
WinRM
Microsoft-Windows-Iphlpsvc

我检查了事件日志查看器以找到 DCOM、WinRM 和 Iphlpsvc 源的相应条目，并确认可以看到正确的消息。

我在管理员级别的 PowerShell 控制台中运行了测试脚本。

有任何想法吗？

编辑:进一步的研究表明 PsLogList 似乎也遇到了同样的问题，而 WEVTUTIL 则没有。

编辑:根据 Windos 的建议，我尝试了 get-winevent。我以前试过这个，发现它根本不会返回任何消息数据。我再次尝试并发现相同的结果。然后我尝试

Get-WinEvent -ProviderName "Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-General"

这产生了以下错误

Could not retrieve information about the Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-General provider. Error: The locale specific resource for the desired message is not present.

一个小小的谷歌搜索让我找到了' https://p0w3rsh3ll.wordpress.com/2013/12/13/why-does-my-get-winevent-command-fail/ ' 谁也遇到过同样的错误信息。他认为这是由于区域设置造成的。我在澳大利亚，所以我在控制面板中的“格式”设置是“英语(澳大利亚)”。我将其更改为“英语(美国)”，推出了新的 PS 控制台，并通过 get-culture 确认我现在在美国并重新运行 get-winevent命令。

Get-WinEvent -ProviderName "Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-General" | select-object -property Message

瞧……

Message
-------
The system time has changed to ?2015?-?07?-?12T01:06:52.405000000Z from ?2015?-?07?-?12T01:05:51.764208900Z.
The system time has changed to ?2015?-?07?-?12T01:05:09.671000000Z from ?2015?-?07?-?12T01:04:09.226010500Z.
The system time has changed to ?2015?-?07?-?12T01:03:49.119000000Z from ?2015?-?07?-?12T01:02:48.060593100Z.
The system time has changed to ?2015?-?07?-?12T01:02:32.128000000Z from ?2015?-?07?-?12T01:01:29.610105600Z.
The system time has changed to ?2015?-?06?-?13T08:41:12.267000000Z from ?2015?-?06?-?13T08:41:12.404273100Z.
The operating system started at system time ?2015?-?06?-?13T08:33:32.359599800Z.
The operating system is shutting down at system time ?2015?-?06?-?13T08:33:05.091743100Z.
The system time has changed to ?2015?-?06?-?13T08:32:58.947000000Z from ?2015?-?06?-?13T08:32:58.947959900Z.

可悲的是 - 没有变化 get-eventlog

get-eventlog -logname system | ? { $_.Source -eq "microsoft-windows-kernel-general" } | select-object -property Message

Message
-------
The description for Event ID '1' in Source 'Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-General' cannot be found.  The local computer m...
The description for Event ID '1' in Source 'Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-General' cannot be found.  The local computer m...
The description for Event ID '1' in Source 'Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-General' cannot be found.  The local computer m...
The description for Event ID '1' in Source 'Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-General' cannot be found.  The local computer m...
The description for Event ID '1' in Source 'Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-General' cannot be found.  The local computer m...
The description for Event ID '12' in Source 'Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-General' cannot be found.  The local computer ...
The description for Event ID '13' in Source 'Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-General' cannot be found.  The local computer ...
The description for Event ID '1' in Source 'Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-General' cannot be found.  The local computer m...

Answer 1

不确定如何或为什么，但看起来如果您选择 Get-WinEvent而不是 Get-EventLog你会得到你想要的信息。

应该注意的是，在更改命令时，“源”参数称为“ProviderName”，因此您的命令变为:

Get-WinEvent -LogName System | Where { $_.ProviderName -eq 'Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-General' }