nlp - WordNet 中的 "derivationally related forms"是什么？

Question

WordNet 引理可以具有派生相关的形式。例如，名词“butter”(意思是你涂在面包上的涂抹物)被认为与动词“butter”(意思是在面包上涂抹黄油的行为)在派生上相关:

>>> from nltk.corpus import wordnet as wn
>>>
>>> wn.lemma('butter.n.01.butter')
Lemma('butter.n.01.butter')
>>> wn.lemma('butter.n.01.butter').synset().definition()
u'an edible emulsion of fat globules made by churning milk or cream; for cooking and table use'
>>> wn.lemma('butter.n.01.butter').derivationally_related_forms()
[Lemma('butter.v.01.butter'), Lemma('buttery.s.02.buttery'), Lemma('butyraceous.a.01.butyraceous')]
>>> wn.lemma('butter.n.01.butter').derivationally_related_forms()[0]
Lemma('butter.v.01.butter')
>>> wn.lemma('butter.n.01.butter').derivationally_related_forms()[0].synset().definition()
u'spread butter on'
>>>
>>> wn.lemma('flood.n.01.flood').synset().definition()
u'the rising of a body of water and its overflowing onto normally dry land'
>>> wn.lemma('flood.n.01.flood').derivationally_related_forms()
[Lemma('flood.v.04.flood'), Lemma('deluge.v.01.flood'), Lemma('flood.v.02.flood')]
>>> wn.lemma('flood.n.01.flood').derivationally_related_forms()[0]
Lemma('flood.v.04.flood')
>>> wn.lemma('flood.n.01.flood').derivationally_related_forms()[0].synset().definition()
u'become filled to overflowing'
>>>

但是，“派生相关”一词的确切含义尚不清楚。例如，我可以争辩说“电视”和“望远镜”是“派生相关的”，因为这两个词都源自古希腊语“têle”，意思是“远”。但 WordNet 不同意:

>>> wn.lemma('telescope.n.01.telescope').derivationally_related_forms()
[Lemma('telescopic.s.01.telescopic'), Lemma('telescopic.s.02.telescopic')]

那么，WordNet 对“派生相关形式”的定义究竟是什么？这在任何地方都有记录吗？

Answer 1

来自 WordNet glossary :

derivationally related forms: Terms in different syntactic categories that have the same root form and are semantically related.

动词“to butter”具有相同的 root form作为名词“butter”，它们是不同的句法类别(动词与名词)，并且它们在语义上明显相关。

另一方面，“television”和“telescope”没有相同的词根形式(但例如“to televise”将与“television”具有相同的词根，而“telescopic”与“telescope”具有相同的词根)。而且，它们在语义上没有关系，它们都是名词。