linux - 如果在 Linux 中找到特定行，如何替换 .csv 文件的某些单元格数

Question

假设我有以下 file.csv 文件内容

"US","BANANA","123","100","0.5","ok"
"US","APPLE","456","201","0.1", "no"
"US","PIE","789","109","0.8","yes"
"US","APPLE","245","201","0.4","no"

我想搜索所有具有 APPLE 和 201 的行，然后将第 5 列的值替换为 0。所以，我的输出看起来像

"US","BANANA","123","100","0.5","ok"
"US","APPLE","456","201","0", "no"
"US","PIE","789","109","0.8","yes"
"US","APPLE","245","201","0","no"

我可以做 grep 搜索

grep "APPLE" file.csv | grep 201

找出线条。但无法弄清楚如何修改原始文件中这些行的第 5 列值。

Answer 1

您可以为此使用 awk:

awk -F, '$2=="\"APPLE\"" { for (i=1;i<=NF;i++) { if ($i=="\"201\"") { gsub($5,"\""substr($5,2,length($5)-1)*1.10"\"",$5) } } }1' file.csv

将字段分隔符设置为 ，然后当第二个字段等于引号中的 APPLE 时，循环遍历每个字段并检查它是否等于引号中的 201。如果是，请使用 awk 的 gsub 函数将第 5 个字段替换为引号中的 0。打印每一行，用简写 1 更改或以其他方式