python - tp 如何让 pip 在 Xubuntu 中运行

Question

我已经使用 apt 在 Xubuntu 20.04 上安装了 python 3.9。当我尝试运行 pip 时，我收到错误，No module named 'distutils.cmd'例如，python3.9 -m pip --help给出回溯

File "/usr/lib/python3.9/runpy.py", line 197, in _run_module_as_main
    return _run_code(code, main_globals, None,
  File "/usr/lib/python3.9/runpy.py", line 87, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "/home/saul/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/__main__.py", line 29, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli.main import main as _main
  File "/home/saul/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main.py", line 9, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli.autocompletion import autocomplete
  File "/home/saul/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/autocompletion.py", line 10, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli.main_parser import create_main_parser
  File "/home/saul/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main_parser.py", line 8, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
  File "/home/saul/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/cmdoptions.py", line 23, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli.parser import ConfigOptionParser
  File "/home/saul/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/parser.py", line 12, in <module>
    from pip._internal.configuration import Configuration, ConfigurationError
  File "/home/saul/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/configuration.py", line 26, in <module>
    from pip._internal.utils.logging import getLogger
  File "/home/saul/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/logging.py", line 27, in <module>
    from pip._internal.utils.misc import ensure_dir
  File "/home/saul/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/misc.py", line 39, in <module>
    from pip._internal.locations import get_major_minor_version
  File "/home/saul/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations/__init__.py", line 14, in <module>
    from . import _distutils, _sysconfig
  File "/home/saul/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations/_distutils.py", line 9, in <module>
    from distutils.cmd import Command as DistutilsCommand
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'distutils.cmd'

在哪里可以找到 distutils.cmd我应该把它放在哪里？我对linux一无所知，只是一个天真的用户。
我找到了 this post这表明 python3.9 没有单独的 distutils 模块，并且似乎建议使用虚拟环境。当我尝试

python3.9 -m venv /home/saul/.venvs/py39

但是，我收到了消息

Error: Command '['/home/saul/.venvs/py39/bin/python3.9', '-Im', 'ensurepip', '--upgrade', '--default-pip']' returned non-zero exit status 1.

Answer 1

curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py

python3.9 get-pip.py (可能会出错，我试过了，但它给了我一个错误)

sudo apt install python3.9-distutils

python3.9 get-pip.py (可以跳过并直接检查版本，如果有效则很好，否则运行此命令然后检查版本。我在检查版本之前运行了此命令)
最后， python3.9 -m pip -V (应该给控制台 pip 22.x.x from some-path (python3.9) )
我运行了这些命令，它对我有用。希望对你也有帮助。