ruby-on-rails - 如何在 Ubuntu 中连接 PostgreSQL

Question

我通过以下命令在我的 Ubuntu 服务器上安装了 PostgreSQL 数据库

sudo apt-get install postgresql postgresql-contrib

但是在这里我不知道如何连接这个 PostgreSQL 数据库以及如何设置它的用户名、密码、主机和端口。因为我要在我的 Rails 项目中使用这个数据库，所以这些东西是必需的。请帮我设置这个数据库.

database.yml:

default: &default
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  database: 100salons
  username: sallon
  password: 12345
  host: 10.25.25.100
  port: 5432
  pool: 5

development:
  <<: *default
  database: 100salons_dev
  # The specified database role being used to connect to postgres.
  # To create additional roles in postgres see `$ createuser --help`.
  # When left blank, postgres will use the default role. This is
  # the same name as the operating system user that initialized the database.
  #username: 100salons

  # The password associated with the postgres role (username).
  #password:

  # Connect on a TCP socket. Omitted by default since the client uses a
  # domain socket that doesn't need configuration. Windows does not have
  # domain sockets, so uncomment these lines.
  #host: localhost

  # The TCP port the server listens on. Defaults to 5432.
  # If your server runs on a different port number, change accordingly.
  #port: 5432

  # Schema search path. The server defaults to $user,public
  #schema_search_path: myapp,sharedapp,public

  # Minimum log levels, in increasing order:
  #   debug5, debug4, debug3, debug2, debug1,
  #   log, notice, warning, error, fatal, and panic
  # Defaults to warning.
  #min_messages: notice

# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
test:
  <<: *default
  database: 100salons_test

# As with config/secrets.yml, you never want to store sensitive information,
# like your database password, in your source code. If your source code is
# ever seen by anyone, they now have access to your database.
#
# Instead, provide the password as a unix environment variable when you boot
# the app. Read http://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#configuring-a-database
# for a full rundown on how to provide these environment variables in a
# production deployment.
#
# On Heroku and other platform providers, you may have a full connection URL
# available as an environment variable. For example:
#
#   DATABASE_URL="postgres://myuser:mypass@localhost/somedatabase"
#
# You can use this database configuration with:
#
#   production:
#     url: <%= ENV['DATABASE_URL'] %>
#
production:
  <<: *default
  database: 100salons_prod

Answer 1

Postgresql 有不同的命令来创建不同版本的密码和用户名。

对于 9.3:

对于创建用户类型命令:

sudo su – postgres ## This will take you to postgres user

createuser  ## To create new user

上面的命令提示符如下:

Enter name of role to add: newuser
Shall the new role be a superuser? (y/n) y

要为新创建的用户类型创建密码:

createuser --pwprompt

对于 9.4:

输入简单的命令:

createuser -P -s -e joe ## joe is username here

这将输出如下:

 Enter password for new role: xyzzy
 Enter it again: xyzzy
 CREATE ROLE joe PASSWORD 'md5b5f5ba1a423792b526f799ae4eb3d59e' SUPERUSER CREATEDB CREATEROLE INHERIT LOGIN;

你完成了。

对于 9.4 文档 here . 9.3 here