r - 在 R 中的箱线图中添加不同的百分位数

Question

我是 R 的新手，最近用它来制作一些箱线图。我还在箱线图中添加了均值和标准差。我想知道我是否也可以在不同的百分位数中添加某种刻度线或圆圈。假设我想在每个 HOUR 箱线图中标记第 85 个、第 90 个百分位数，有没有办法做到这一点？我的数据包括一年中每小时的负荷(兆瓦)，我的输出包括每个月每小时的 24 个箱线图。我每个月都在做一次，因为我不确定是否有办法一次运行所有 96 个(每个月，工作日/周末，4 个不同区域)箱线图。预先感谢您的帮助。

JANWD <-read.csv("C:\\My Directory\\MWBox2.csv")
JANWD.df<-data.frame(JANWD)
JANWD.sub <-subset(JANWD.df, MONTH < 2 & weekend == "NO")

KeepCols <-c("Hour" , "Houston_Load")
HWD <- JANWD.sub[ ,KeepCols]

sd <-tapply(HWD$Houston_Load, HWD$Hour, sd)
means <-tapply(HWD$Houston_Load, HWD$Hour, mean)

boxplot(Houston_Load ~ Hour, data=HWD, xlab="WEEKDAY HOURS", ylab="MW Differnce", ylim= c(-10, 20), smooth=TRUE ,col ="bisque", range=0)

points(sd, pch = 22, col= "blue")
points(means, pch=23, col ="red")

#Output of the subset of data used to run boxplot for month january in Houston 
str(HWD)
'data.frame':   504 obs. of  2 variables:
 `$ Hour        : int  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...'
 `$ Houston_Load: num  1.922 2.747 -2.389 0.515 1.922 ...'

#OUTPUT of the original data
str(JANWD)
'data.frame':   8783 obs. of  9 variables:
 $ Date        : Factor w/ 366 levels "1/1/2012","1/10/2012",..: 306 306 306 306 306 306 306 306 306 306 ...
 `$ Hour        : int  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...'
` $ MONTH       : int  8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 ...'
 `$ weekend     : Factor w/ 2 levels "NO","YES": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...'
 `$ TOTAL_LOAD  : num  0.607 5.111 6.252 7.607 0.607 ...'
 `$ Houston_Load: num  -2.389 0.515 1.922 2.747 -2.389 ...'
 `$ North_Load  : num  2.95 4.14 3.55 3.91 2.95 ...'
 `$ South_Load  : num  -0.108 0.267 0.54 0.638 -0.108 ...'
 `$ West_Load   : num  0.154 0.193 0.236 0.311 0.154 ...'

Answer 1

这是一种方法，使用 quantile()为您计算相关百分位数。我使用 rug() 添加标记.

set.seed(1)
X <- rnorm(200)
boxplot(X, yaxt = "n")

## compute the required quantiles
qntl <- quantile(X, probs = c(0.85, 0.90))

## add them as a rgu plot to the left hand side
rug(qntl, side = 2, col = "blue", lwd = 2)

## add the box and axes
axis(2)
box()

更新 :响应OP提供 str()输出，这是一个类似于 OP 必须处理的数据的示例:

set.seed(1) ## make reproducible
HWD <- data.frame(Hour = rep(0:23, 10),
                  Houston_Load = rnorm(24*10))

现在，我假设您希望每个 Hour 在第 85 个和第 90 个百分位数处打勾。 ?如果是这样，我们需要按 Hour 拆分数据并通过 quantile() 计算正如我之前展示的:

quants <- sapply(split(HWD$Houston_Load, list(HWD$Hour)),
                 quantile, probs = c(0.85, 0.9))

这使:

R> quants <- sapply(split(HWD$Houston_Load, list(HWD$Hour)),
+                  quantile, probs = c(0.85, 0.9))
R> quants
            0         1        2         3         4         5        6
85% 0.3576510 0.8633506 1.581443 0.2264709 0.4164411 0.2864026 1.053742
90% 0.6116363 0.9273008 2.109248 0.4218297 0.5554147 0.4474140 1.366114
            7         8        9       10        11        12       13       14
85% 0.5352211 0.5175485 1.790593 1.394988 0.7280584 0.8578999 1.437778 1.087101
90% 0.8625322 0.5969672 1.830352 1.519262 0.9399476 1.1401877 1.763725 1.102516
           15        16        17        18       19        20       21
85% 0.6855288 0.4874499 0.5493679 0.9754414 1.095362 0.7936225 1.824002
90% 0.8737872 0.6121487 0.6078405 1.0990935 1.233637 0.9431199 2.175961
          22        23
85% 1.058648 0.6950166
90% 1.145783 0.8436541

现在我们可以在箱线图的 x 位置绘制标记

boxplot(Houston_Load ~ Hour, data = HWD, axes = FALSE)
xlocs <- 1:24 ## where to draw marks
tickl <- 0.15 ## length of marks used
for(i in seq_len(ncol(quants))) {
    segments(x0 = rep(xlocs[i] - 0.15, 2), y0 = quants[, i],
             x1 = rep(xlocs[i] + 0.15, 2), y1 = quants[, i],
             col = c("red", "blue"), lwd = 2)
}
title(xlab = "Hour", ylab = "Houston Load")
axis(1, at = xlocs, labels = xlocs - 1)
axis(2)
box()
legend("bottomleft", legend = paste(c("0.85", "0.90"), "quantile"),
       bty = "n", lty = "solid", lwd = 2, col = c("red", "blue"))

结果图应如下所示: