python - 如何使用 apache 和 mod_wsgi 部署 django 应用程序，以便在输入服务器地址时可以看到网站？

Question

我正在尝试部署在我的 Ubuntu Server 14.04 上运行的现有 django 应用程序。一切都在服务器的本地主机上运行，​​但我不知道如何将服务器的 IP 地址链接到我想要的 django 应用程序。我已经阅读了无数的教程，但由于缺乏信息而失败了，这让我走到了最后一步。

    # This is the main Apache server configuration file.  It contains the    # configuration directives that give the server its instructions.    # See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/ for detailed information about    # the directives and /usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian about Debian specific    # hints.    #    #    # Summary of how the Apache 2 configuration works in Debian:    # The Apache 2 web server configuration in Debian is quite different to    # upstream's suggested way to configure the web server. This is because Debian's    # default Apache2 installation attempts to make adding and removing modules,    # virtual hosts, and extra configuration directives as flexible as possible, in    # order to make automating the changes and administering the server as easy as    # possible.    # It is split into several files forming the configuration hierarchy outlined    # below, all located in the /etc/apache2/ directory:    #    #   /etc/apache2/    #   |-- apache2.conf    #   |   `--  ports.conf    #   |-- mods-enabled    #   |   |-- *.load    #   |   `-- *.conf    #   |-- conf-enabled    #   |   `-- *.conf    #   `-- sites-enabled    #       `-- *.conf    #    #    # * apache2.conf is the main configuration file (this file). It puts the pieces    #   together by including all remaining configuration files when starting up the    #   web server.    #    # * ports.conf is always included from the main configuration file. It is    #   supposed to determine listening ports for incoming connections which can be    #   customized anytime.    #    # * Configuration files in the mods-enabled/, conf-enabled/ and sites-enabled/    #   directories contain particular configuration snippets which manage modules,    #   global configuration fragments, or virtual host configurations,    #   respectively.    #    #   They are activated by symlinking available configuration files from their    #   respective *-available/ counterparts. These should be managed by using our    #   helpers a2enmod/a2dismod, a2ensite/a2dissite and a2enconf/a2disconf. See    #   their respective man pages for detailed information.    #    # * The binary is called apache2. Due to the use of environment variables, in    #   the default configuration, apache2 needs to be started/stopped with    #   /etc/init.d/apache2 or apache2ctl. Calling /usr/bin/apache2 directly will not    #   work with the default configuration.    # Global configuration    #    #    # ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's    # configuration, error, and log files are kept.    #    # NOTE!  If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)    # mounted filesystem then please read the Mutex documentation (available    # at );    # you will save yourself a lot of trouble.    #    # Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.    #    #ServerRoot "/etc/apache2"    ServerName localhost    #    # The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK.    #    Mutex file:${APACHE_LOCK_DIR} default    #    # PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process    # identification number when it starts.    # This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars    #    PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE}    #    # Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.    #    Timeout 300    #    # KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than    # one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.    #    KeepAlive On    #    # MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow    # during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.    # We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.    #    MaxKeepAliveRequests 100    #    # KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the    # same client on the same connection.    #    KeepAliveTimeout 5    # These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars    User ${APACHE_RUN_USER}    Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP}    #    # HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses    # e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).    # The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people    # had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that    # each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the    # nameserver.    #    HostnameLookups Off    # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.    # If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a     # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be    # logged here.  If you *do* define an error logfile for a     # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.    #    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log    #    # LogLevel: Control the severity of messages logged to the error_log.    # Available values: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,    # error, crit, alert, emerg.    # It is also possible to configure the log level for particular modules, e.g.    # "LogLevel info ssl:warn"    #    LogLevel warn    # Include module configuration:    IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.load    IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.conf    # Include list of ports to listen on    Include ports.conf    # Sets the default security model of the Apache2 HTTPD server. It does    # not allow access to the root filesystem outside of /usr/share and /var/www.    # The former is used by web applications packaged in Debian,    # the latter may be used for local directories served by the web server. If    # your system is serving content from a sub-directory in /srv you must allow    # access here, or in any related virtual host.            Options FollowSymLinks        AllowOverride None        Require all denied                AllowOverride None        Require all granted                Options Indexes FollowSymLinks        AllowOverride None        Require all granted        #    #   Options Indexes FollowSymLinks    #   AllowOverride None    #   Require all granted    #    # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory    # for additional configuration directives.  See also the AllowOverride    # directive.    #    AccessFileName .htaccess    #    # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being    # viewed by Web clients.    #            Require all denied        #    # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with    # a CustomLog directive.    #    # These deviate from the Common Log Format definitions in that they use %O    # (the actual bytes sent including headers) instead of %b (the size of the    # requested file), because the latter makes it impossible to detect partial    # requests.    #    # Note that the use of %{X-Forwarded-For}i instead of %h is not recommended.    # Use mod_remoteip instead.    #    LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common    LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer    LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent    # Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files,    # see README.Debian for details.    # Include generic snippets of statements    IncludeOptional conf-enabled/*.conf    # Include the virtual host configurations:    IncludeOptional sites-enabled/*.conf    LoadModule wsgi_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_wsgi.so    WSGIScriptAlias / /var/www/html/scheduler/sched_app/sched_site/wsgi.py    WSGIPythonPath /var/www/html/scheduler/sced_app:/home/user/.virtualenvs/sched_app.v0.1/lib/python2.7/site-packages                        Require all granted                Alias /templates/admin/ /var/www/html/scheduler/sched_app/templates/admin/            Require all granted        # vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet

Error.log:

[Wed May 18 10:23:27.388123 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244385715968] [remote 10.128.239.248:6711]   File "/home/openflow/.virtualenvs/sched_app.v0.1/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 43, in _setup    [Wed May 18 10:23:27.388132 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244385715968] [remote 10.128.239.248:6711]     self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)    [Wed May 18 10:23:27.388165 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244385715968] [remote 10.128.239.248:6711]   File "/home/openflow/.virtualenvs/sched_app.v0.1/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 99, in __init__    [Wed May 18 10:23:27.388173 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244385715968] [remote 10.128.239.248:6711]     mod = importlib.import_module(self.SETTINGS_MODULE)    [Wed May 18 10:23:27.397408 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244385715968] [remote 10.128.239.248:6711]   File "/usr/lib/python3.4/importlib/__init__.py", line 109, in import_module    [Wed May 18 10:23:27.397428 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244385715968] [remote 10.128.239.248:6711]     return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)    [Wed May 18 10:23:27.397461 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244385715968] [remote 10.128.239.248:6711]   File "", line 2254, in _gcd_import    [Wed May 18 10:23:27.397484 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244385715968] [remote 10.128.239.248:6711]   File "", line 2237, in _find_and_load    [Wed May 18 10:23:27.397506 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244385715968] [remote 10.128.239.248:6711]   File "", line 2212, in _find_and_load_unlocked    [Wed May 18 10:23:27.397527 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244385715968] [remote 10.128.239.248:6711]   File "", line 321, in _call_with_frames_removed    [Wed May 18 10:23:27.397548 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244385715968] [remote 10.128.239.248:6711]   File "", line 2254, in _gcd_import    [Wed May 18 10:23:27.397569 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244385715968] [remote 10.128.239.248:6711]   File "", line 2237, in _find_and_load    [Wed May 18 10:23:27.397590 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244385715968] [remote 10.128.239.248:6711]   File "", line 2224, in _find_and_load_unlocked    [Wed May 18 10:23:27.397627 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244385715968] [remote 10.128.239.248:6711] ImportError: No module named 'sched_site'    [Wed May 18 10:46:10.604704 2016] [:error] [pid 11141:tid 140244492294016] Exception ignored in:     [Wed May 18 10:46:10.604704 2016] [:error] [pid 11140:tid 140244492294016] Exception ignored in:     [Wed May 18 10:46:10.604781 2016] [:error] [pid 11141:tid 140244492294016] Traceback (most recent call last):    [Wed May 18 10:46:10.604816 2016] [:error] [pid 11141:tid 140244492294016]   File "/usr/lib/python3.4/threading.py", line 1288, in _shutdown    [Wed May 18 10:46:10.604816 2016] [:error] [pid 11140:tid 140244492294016] Traceback (most recent call last):    [Wed May 18 10:46:10.604833 2016] [:error] [pid 11140:tid 140244492294016]   File "/usr/lib/python3.4/threading.py", line 1288, in _shutdown    [Wed May 18 10:46:10.621986 2016] [:error] [pid 11140:tid 140244492294016]     assert tlock is not None    [Wed May 18 10:46:10.621984 2016] [:error] [pid 11141:tid 140244492294016]     assert tlock is not None    [Wed May 18 10:46:10.622011 2016] [:error] [pid 11140:tid 140244492294016] AssertionError:     [Wed May 18 10:46:10.622019 2016] [:error] [pid 11141:tid 140244492294016] AssertionError:     [Wed May 18 10:46:10.664211 2016] [mpm_event:notice] [pid 11136:tid 140244492294016] AH00491: caught SIGTERM, shutting down    [Wed May 18 10:46:10.677625 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244492294016] Exception ignored in:     [Wed May 18 10:46:10.677653 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244492294016] Traceback (most recent call last):    [Wed May 18 10:46:10.677671 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244492294016]   File "/usr/lib/python3.4/threading.py", line 1288, in _shutdown    [Wed May 18 10:46:10.678561 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244492294016]     assert tlock is not None    [Wed May 18 10:46:10.678583 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244492294016] AssertionError:     [Wed May 18 10:46:10.723109 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244492294016] Exception ignored in:     [Wed May 18 10:46:10.723146 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244492294016] Traceback (most recent call last):    [Wed May 18 10:46:10.723160 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244492294016]   File "/usr/lib/python3.4/threading.py", line 1288, in _shutdown    [Wed May 18 10:46:10.723817 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244492294016]     assert tlock is not None    [Wed May 18 10:46:10.723836 2016] [:error] [pid 11139:tid 140244492294016] AssertionError:     [Wed May 18 10:46:11.656848 2016] [so:warn] [pid 11775:tid 140574671251328] AH01574: module wsgi_module is already loaded, skipping    [Wed May 18 10:46:11.658535 2016] [:warn] [pid 11776:tid 140574671251328] mod_wsgi: Compiled for Python/3.4.0.    [Wed May 18 10:46:11.658572 2016] [:warn] [pid 11776:tid 140574671251328] mod_wsgi: Runtime using Python/3.4.3.    [Wed May 18 10:46:11.659664 2016] [mpm_event:notice] [pid 11776:tid 140574671251328] AH00489: Apache/2.4.7 (Ubuntu) mod_wsgi/3.4 Python/3.4.3 configured -- resuming normal operations    [Wed May 18 10:46:11.659691 2016] [core:notice] [pid 11776:tid 140574671251328] AH00094: Command line: '/usr/sbin/apache2'    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.527321 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735] mod_wsgi (pid=11779): Target WSGI script '/var/www/html/scheduler.marist.edu/sched_app/sched_site/wsgi.py' cannot be loaded as Python module.    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.527422 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735] mod_wsgi (pid=11779): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/var/www/html/scheduler.marist.edu/sched_app/sched_site/wsgi.py'.    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.527483 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735] Traceback (most recent call last):    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.527701 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]   File "/var/www/html/scheduler.marist.edu/sched_app/sched_site/wsgi.py", line 16, in     [Wed May 18 10:46:21.527713 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]     application = get_wsgi_application()    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.527845 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]   File "/home/openflow/.virtualenvs/sched_app.v0.1/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 13, in get_wsgi_application    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.527870 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]     django.setup()    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528001 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]   File "/home/openflow/.virtualenvs/sched_app.v0.1/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 17, in setup    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528012 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]     configure_logging(settings.LOGGING_CONFIG, settings.LOGGING)    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528182 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]   File "/home/openflow/.virtualenvs/sched_app.v0.1/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 55, in __getattr__    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528193 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]     self._setup(name)    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528232 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]   File "/home/openflow/.virtualenvs/sched_app.v0.1/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 43, in _setup    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528240 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]     self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528274 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]   File "/home/openflow/.virtualenvs/sched_app.v0.1/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 99, in __init__    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528282 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]     mod = importlib.import_module(self.SETTINGS_MODULE)    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528442 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]   File "/usr/lib/python3.4/importlib/__init__.py", line 109, in import_module    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528453 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]     return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528478 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]   File "", line 2254, in _gcd_import    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528501 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]   File "", line 2237, in _find_and_load    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528524 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]   File "", line 2212, in _find_and_load_unlocked    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528546 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]   File "", line 321, in _call_with_frames_removed    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528568 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]   File "", line 2254, in _gcd_import    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528589 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]   File "", line 2237, in _find_and_load    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528611 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735]   File "", line 2224, in _find_and_load_unlocked    [Wed May 18 10:46:21.528642 2016] [:error] [pid 11779:tid 140574564673280] [remote 10.128.239.248:19735] ImportError: No module named 'sched_site'

Directory Structure:

app: /var/www/html/scheduler/sched_app/sched_app
wsgi.py: /var/www/html/scheduler/sched_app/sched_site
virtualenv: /~/.virtualenvs/sched_app.v0.1

Answer 1

将此添加到 wsgi.py 文件并尝试。

import sys

sys.path.append('/var/www/html/scheduler/sched_app')