python - 如何修复 "AttributeError: ' 设置的对象没有属性 'ROOT_URLCONF' “

Question

明天我有一个编码面试(我的第一次! super 兴奋/紧张)，我正在努力让我的一个旧项目恢复活力并进行更新:一个用 Django/Python 构建的 producthunt 克隆。

过去一切都运行良好，现在，在 git 将其克隆到 ubuntu virtualbox 并在其 virtualenv 中更新后，我遇到了以下错误，经过数小时的故障排除和研究类似问题后空手而归在stackoverflow上。任何帮助表示赞赏。

错误:'AttributeError:'Settings'对象没有属性'ROOT_URLCONF''

设置和输出:

设置.py

"""
Django settings for producthunt project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.10.5.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/
"""
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '@(b=ndac@9k%w#y7(h5p!^a!)6y_p2&oln@lsz6x61=wyusg4('

import os
import django
django.setup()

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ROOT_URLCONF = 'producthunt.urls'

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'compressor',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'django_comments',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'bootstrap4',
    'producthunt',
    'links',
    'registration',
]

# Login/out settings - plus import above
from django.urls import reverse

LOGIN_URL=reverse('login')
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = reverse('home')

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]


TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'producthunt.wsgi.application'

# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}

SITE_ID = 1

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

COMPRESS_ENABLED = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = 'static'
MEDIA_ROOT = 'media'
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

STATICFILES_FINDERS = (
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
    'compressor.finders.CompressorFinder',
)

COMPRESS_PRECOMPILERS = (
    ('text/x-scss', 'django_libsass.SassCompiler'),
)

网址.py:

"""producthunt URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth import views as auth_views
from links.views import LinkListView
from links.views import UserProfileDetailView
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required as auth # Keep non-users out
from links.views import UserProfileEditView
from links.views import LinkCreateView, LinkDetailView
from links.views import LinkEditView
from links.views import LinkDeleteView

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^$', LinkListView.as_view(), name='home'),
    url(r'^login/$', auth_views.login, name='login'),
    url(r'^logout/$', auth_views.logout, name='logout'),
    url(r'^accounts/', include('registration.backends.simple.urls')),
    url(r'^users/(?P<slug>\w+)/$', UserProfileDetailView.as_view(),name='profile'),
    url(r'^edit_profile/$', auth(UserProfileEditView.as_view()), name='edit_profile'),
    url(r'^link/submit/$', auth(LinkCreateView.as_view()), name='link_submit'),
    url(r'^link/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', LinkDetailView.as_view(), name='link_detail'),
    url(r'^link/edit/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', auth(LinkEditView.as_view()), name='link_edit'),
    url(r'^link/delete/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', auth(LinkDeleteView.as_view()), name='link_delete'),
    url(r'^comments/', include('django_comments.urls')),
]

全终端输出:

(producthunt) ubuntu@ubuntu-VirtualBox:~/Documents/Github/producthunt$ python manage.py runserver
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 325, in execute
    settings.INSTALLED_APPS
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 79, in __getattr__
    self._setup(name)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 66, in _setup
    self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 157, in __init__
    mod = importlib.import_module(self.SETTINGS_MODULE)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/home/ubuntu/Documents/Github/producthunt/producthunt/settings.py", line 53, in <module>
    LOGIN_URL=reverse('login')
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/django/urls/base.py", line 30, in reverse
    resolver = get_resolver(urlconf)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 68, in get_resolver
    urlconf = settings.ROOT_URLCONF
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 80, in __getattr__
    val = getattr(self._wrapped, name)
AttributeError: 'Settings' object has no attribute 'ROOT_URLCONF'

Answer 1

解决了。有几件事不对劲。自从将 django 安装从 1.10 升级到 2.2 后，发生了很多变化。包括 URL 引用(即 django.conf.urls 与 django.urls)，并且必须重新运行 requirements.txt 以确保所有内容都已正确安装和更新。