Lua string.gsub 里面的 string.gmatch？

Question

我创建了这个简单的示例脚本来输出食物列表。如果食物是水果，那么水果的颜色也会显示出来。我遇到的问题是处理“草莓”的不规则复数。

fruits = {apple = "green", orange = "orange", stawberry = "red"}
foods = {"potatoes", "apples", "strawberries", "carrots", "crab-apples"}

for _, food in ipairs(foods) do
    for fruit, fruit_colour in pairs(fruits) do
        duplicate = false
        if (string.match(food, "^"..fruit) or string.match((string.gsub(food, "ies", "y")), "^"..fruit)) and not(duplicate) then -- this is where the troubles is!
            print(food.." = "..fruit_colour)
            duplicate = true
            break
        end
    end
    if not(duplicate) then
        print(food)
    end
end

现在程序输出:

potatoes
apples = green
strawberries
carrots
crab-apples

我想要的是:

potatoes
apples = green
strawberries = red
carrots
crab-apples

我不明白为什么这不能像我想要的那样工作!

Answer 1

一方面，你在这里拼错了 strawberry:

fruits = {apple = "green", orange = "orange", stawberry = "red"}

您还可以将 lua 表作为集合使用，这意味着无需嵌套循环搜索重复项。它可以简化为:

fruits = {apple = "green", orange = "orange", strawberry = "red"}
foods = {"potatoes", "apples", "strawberries", "carrots", "crab-apples"}

function singular(word)
    return word:gsub("(%a+)ies$", "%1y"):gsub("(%a+)s$", "%1")
end

for _, food in ipairs(foods) do
    local single_fruit = singular(food)
    if fruits[single_fruit] then
        print(food .. " = " .. fruits[single_fruit])
    else
        print(food)
    end
end