ubuntu - 在 Ubuntu 16.04 上安装 CUDA(未满足的依赖项)

Question

我是 Ubuntu 的新手，正在尝试在其上安装 CUDA。我就是做不到。

我安装了 Nvidia R390 驱动程序(这很麻烦)。

然后我按照以下说明进行操作:

http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html

当我点击 sudo apt-get install cuda

弹出以下错误:

     Reading package lists... Done
    Building dependency tree       
    Reading state information... Done
    You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these.
    The following packages have unmet dependencies:
     cuda-cublas-dev-9-1 : Depends: cuda-cublas-9-1 (>= 9.1.85.3) but it is not installed
     cuda-cufft-dev-9-1 : Depends: cuda-cufft-9-1 (>= 9.1.85) but it is not installed
     cuda-curand-dev-9-1 : Depends: cuda-curand-9-1 (>= 9.1.85) but it is not installed
     cuda-cusolver-dev-9-1 : Depends: cuda-cusolver-9-1 (>= 9.1.85) but it is not installed
     cuda-cusparse-dev-9-1 : Depends: cuda-cusparse-9-1 (>= 9.1.85) but it is not installed
     cuda-libraries-9-1 : Depends: cuda-nvrtc-9-1 (>= 9.1.85) but it is not installed
                          Depends: cuda-nvgraph-9-1 (>= 9.1.85) but it is not installed
                          Depends: cuda-cusolver-9-1 (>= 9.1.85) but it is not installed
                          Depends: cuda-cublas-9-1 (>= 9.1.85) but it is not installed
                          Depends: cuda-cufft-9-1 (>= 9.1.85) but it is not installed
                          Depends: cuda-curand-9-1 (>= 9.1.85) but it is not installed
                          Depends: cuda-cusparse-9-1 (>= 9.1.85) but it is not installed
                          Depends: cuda-npp-9-1 (>= 9.1.85) but it is not installed
     cuda-npp-dev-9-1 : Depends: cuda-npp-9-1 (>= 9.1.85) but it is not installed
     cuda-nvgraph-dev-9-1 : Depends: cuda-nvgraph-9-1 (>= 9.1.85) but it is not installed
     cuda-nvrtc-dev-9-1 : Depends: cuda-nvrtc-9-1 (>= 9.1.85) but it is not installed
     cuda-toolkit-9-1 : Depends: cuda-nvml-dev-9-1 (>= 9.1.85) but it is not installed
     cuda-visual-tools-9-1 : Depends: cuda-nvml-dev-9-1 but it is not installed
    E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

所以我使用sudo apt-get -f install，但是出现了以下错误:

Preparing to unpack .../cuda-nvrtc-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking cuda-nvrtc-9-1 (9.1.85-1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-nvrtc-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/local/cuda-9.1/lib64', which is also in package cuda-cudart-9-1 9.1.85-1
Preparing to unpack .../cuda-cusolver-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking cuda-cusolver-9-1 (9.1.85-1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-cusolver-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/local/cuda-9.1/lib64', which is also in package cuda-cudart-9-1 9.1.85-1
Preparing to unpack .../cuda-cublas-9-1_9.1.85.3-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking cuda-cublas-9-1 (9.1.85.3-1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-cublas-9-1_9.1.85.3-1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/local/cuda-9.1/lib64', which is also in package cuda-cudart-9-1 9.1.85-1
Preparing to unpack .../cuda-cufft-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking cuda-cufft-9-1 (9.1.85-1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-cufft-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/local/cuda-9.1/lib64', which is also in package cuda-cudart-9-1 9.1.85-1
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                              Preparing to unpack .../cuda-curand-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking cuda-curand-9-1 (9.1.85-1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-curand-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/local/cuda-9.1/lib64', which is also in package cuda-cudart-9-1 9.1.85-1
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                              Preparing to unpack .../cuda-cusparse-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking cuda-cusparse-9-1 (9.1.85-1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-cusparse-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/local/cuda-9.1/lib64', which is also in package cuda-cudart-9-1 9.1.85-1
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                              Preparing to unpack .../cuda-npp-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking cuda-npp-9-1 (9.1.85-1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-npp-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/local/cuda-9.1/lib64', which is also in package cuda-cudart-9-1 9.1.85-1
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                              Preparing to unpack .../cuda-nvml-dev-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking cuda-nvml-dev-9-1 (9.1.85-1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-nvml-dev-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/local/cuda-9.1/lib64', which is also in package cuda-cudart-9-1 9.1.85-1
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                              Preparing to unpack .../cuda-nvgraph-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking cuda-nvgraph-9-1 (9.1.85-1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-nvgraph-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/local/cuda-9.1/lib64', which is also in package cuda-cudart-9-1 9.1.85-1
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                              Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-nvrtc-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb
 /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-cusolver-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb
 /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-cublas-9-1_9.1.85.3-1_amd64.deb
 /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-cufft-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb
 /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-curand-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb
 /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-cusparse-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb
 /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-npp-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb
 /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-nvml-dev-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb
 /var/cache/apt/archives/cuda-nvgraph-9-1_9.1.85-1_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

有人可以帮忙吗？我的想法不多了。谢谢!

Answer 1

从 here 下载最新版本

然后停止你 X 显示管理器(lightdm 是 ubuntu 的默认值)

sudo service lightdm stop

安装显示驱动程序(推荐)和 CUDA 工具包

sudo chmod +x  cuda_9.0_linux.run
sudo ./cuda_9.0_linux.run

安装后(将这些行添加到 .bashrc 文件的末尾)

export CUDA_HOME=/usr/local/cuda-9.0
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${CUDA_HOME}/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

PATH=${CUDA_HOME}/bin:${PATH} 
export PATH 

CUDNN 安装(可选)

从 HERE 获取 CUDNN 内容

tar -xzvf cudnn-X.Y.tgz
cd cudnn-X.Y/cuda
sudo cp -r * /usr/local/cuda-9.0
sudo ldconfig

请记住检查您要安装的 tensorflow 版本支持哪些版本的 cuda 和 cudnn。 (例如 cuda9.0，cudnn7 用于 tensorflow 1.7，这是我写这个答案时的最新版本)