ruby-on-rails - rails 服务器 bin/rails :6: warning: already initialized constant APP_PATH error

Question

我正在使用 Ubuntu 14.04，我是使用 Ruby on Rails 的初学者

我最近按照教程安装了 rbenv、ruby 2.3.0 和 rails 4.2.4:https://gorails.com/setup/ubuntu/14.04

安装后，我运行了 ruby​​ -v 和 rails -v 并得到了预期的版本。到目前为止，一切都很好。然后我跑了rails s我得到了:

rails server bin/rails:6: warning: already initialized constant APP_PATH error

为了修复它，我跑了: rake rails:update:bin跟随这个 StackOverflow 问题: rails server bin/rails:6: warning: already initialized constant APP_PATH error这导致了一个新错误(我还删除了 Spring gem):

Gem::LoadError: You have already activated rake 10.4.2, but your Gemfile requires rake 10.5.0. Prepending `bundle exec` to your command may solve this.
/my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/config/boot.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
/my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/config/application.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
/my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/Rakefile:4:in `<top (required)>'
LoadError: cannot load such file -- bundler/setup
/my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/config/boot.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
/my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/config/application.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
/my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/Rakefile:4:in `<top (required)>'
(See full trace by running task with --trace)

我在“bundle exec”前面加上以下错误:

/my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/nokogiri-1.6.7.2/lib/nokogiri.rb:29:in `require': libruby.so.2.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory - /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/nokogiri-1.6.7.2/lib/nokogiri/nokogiri.so (LoadError)
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/nokogiri-1.6.7.2/lib/nokogiri.rb:29:in `rescue in <top (required)>'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/nokogiri-1.6.7.2/lib/nokogiri.rb:25:in `<top (required)>'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/fog-1.23.0/lib/fog/xml.rb:1:in `require'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/fog-1.23.0/lib/fog/xml.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/fog-1.23.0/lib/fog.rb:11:in `require'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/fog-1.23.0/lib/fog.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/carrierwave-0.10.0/lib/carrierwave/storage/fog.rb:3:in `require'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/carrierwave-0.10.0/lib/carrierwave/storage/fog.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/carrierwave-0.10.0/lib/carrierwave/storage.rb:9:in `require'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/carrierwave-0.10.0/lib/carrierwave/storage.rb:9:in `<top (required)>'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/carrierwave-0.10.0/lib/carrierwave.rb:78:in `require'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/carrierwave-0.10.0/lib/carrierwave.rb:78:in `<top (required)>'
from /my-home-directory/.rbenv/versions/2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.11.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:77:in `require'
from /my-home-directory/.rbenv/versions/2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.11.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:77:in `block (2 levels) in require'
from /my-home-directory/.rbenv/versions/2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.11.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in `each'
from /my-home-directory/.rbenv/versions/2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.11.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in `block in require'
from /my-home-directory/.rbenv/versions/2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.11.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:61:in `each'
from /my-home-directory/.rbenv/versions/2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.11.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:61:in `require'
from /my-home-directory/.rbenv/versions/2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.11.2/lib/bundler.rb:99:in `require'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/config/application.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/railties-4.2.4/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:78:in `require'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/railties-4.2.4/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:78:in `block in server'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/railties-4.2.4/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:75:in `tap'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/railties-4.2.4/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:75:in `server'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/railties-4.2.4/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:39:in `run_command!'
from /my-home-directory/my-ruby-on-rails-project/.bundle/gems/railties-4.2.4/lib/rails/commands.rb:17:in `<top (required)>'
from bin/rails:8:in `require'
from bin/rails:8:in `<main>'

在安装 rbenv 之前，我使用的是 RVM，并且出现了同样的错误。当我开始遇到这些问题时，我无法弄清楚我做了哪些改变。

为了我的理智，非常感谢任何帮助!

谢谢你们!

Answer 1

我的一个 friend 刚刚帮助我并解决了这个问题。
他的建议是:

在我的项目目录中用一行创建一个 .ruby-version 文件: ruby​​-2.3.0 - 这将确保我们没有加载另一个 nokogiri 版本

运行以下命令删除 bundle 程序: rm -rfv .bundle

然后运行: bundle

运行:bundle exec rails s

奇迹般有效。
我问他为什么他认为我有这些问题并说:很难说，一个困惑的 .bundle 目录可以做很多时髦的事情。