nginx - 为什么 nginx "location =/"规则不起作用？

Question

我想通过使用“location =/”规则来定义“/”请求的精确匹配，并指定“index.html”作为该请求的响应。但是为什么我的设置不起作用？

我定义了两个位置如下( 更新 :我还在底部发布了我的 nginx.conf 的全部内容。):

location = / {
    root  /opt/www/static/;
    index index.html;
}
location / {
    root /opt/www/resource/;
}

我的“/opt/www”目录中的文件如下。 ( # The content is: 后面的注释描述了其中的文件内容。)

/opt/www
    ├── resource
    │   ├── hello.html     # The content is: The hello.html from /resource
    │   └── index.html     # The content is: The index.html from /resource
    └── static
        └── index.html     # The content is: The index.html from /static

但是当我访问以下网址时，输出是:

http://localhost或 http://localhost/ - 回复是:The index.html from /resource .

http://localhost/index.html - 回复是:The index.html from /resource .

http://localhost/hello.html - 回复是:The hello.html from /resource .

我认为#2 和#3 的结果是正确的，但是对于#1，为什么它返回 resource/index.html作为响应而不是 static/index.html ?因为我认为，根据 location的定义，响应应该来自 static/index.html文件。

using the “=” modifier it is possible to define an exact match of URI and location. If an exact match is found, the search terminates. For example, if a “/” request happens frequently, defining “location = /” will speed up the processing of these requests, as search terminates right after the first comparison.

另一个问题是，如何更改我的 conf 文件以指定 static/index.html作为 http://localhost 的回应或 http://localhost/通过使用完全匹配？

更新

我在使用 error_log logs/error.log debug; 打开 nginx 调试日志后发现了这个技巧。 .根据日志，对于#1，请求与第一条规则 location = /完全匹配, 和 /opt/www/static/index.html开了。但后来，请求被内部重定向到 /index.html ，则匹配第二条规则，结果， /opt/www/resource/index.html用来。

但我的问题是，为什么它将请求重定向到 /index.html当确切的规则(第一个)已经匹配并且 /opt/www/static/index.html找到了吗？我可以用一些配置或其他指令停止内部重定向吗？

nginx日志是(我的nginx版本是1.4.6):

2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 http process request line
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 http request line: "GET / HTTP/1.1"
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 http uri: "/"
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 http args: ""
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 http exten: ""
*** omit some logs to process request header and others ***
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 event timer del: 3: 1430452846698
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 generic phase: 0
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 rewrite phase: 1
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 test location: "/"
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 using configuration "=/"
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 http cl:-1 max:1048576
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 rewrite phase: 3
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 post rewrite phase: 4
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 generic phase: 5
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 generic phase: 6
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 generic phase: 7
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 access phase: 8
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 access phase: 9
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 post access phase: 10
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 content phase: 11
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 open index "/opt/www/static/index.html"
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 internal redirect: "/index.html?"
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 rewrite phase: 1
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 test location: "/"
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 using configuration "/"
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 http cl:-1 max:1048576
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 rewrite phase: 3
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 post rewrite phase: 4
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 generic phase: 5
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 generic phase: 6
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 generic phase: 7
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 access phase: 8
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 access phase: 9
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 post access phase: 10
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 content phase: 11
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 content phase: 12
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 content phase: 13
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 content phase: 14
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 content phase: 15
2015/05/01 11:59:46 [debug] 112241#0: *1 http filename: "/opt/www/resource/index.html"

再次更新 发布我的 nginx.conf 的全部内容。

worker_processes  1;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log debug;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        location = / {
            root  /opt/www/static/;
            index index.html;
        }
       location / {
            root /opt/www/resource/;
       }
    }
}

Answer 1

在做了一些研究和谷歌之后，我找到了一个自己解决这个问题的解决方案:-)。使用 try_files指令替换 index一，当static/index.html时不触发内部重定向被发现。最终的定义是:

location = / {
    root  /opt/www/static/;
    #index index.html;
    try_files /index.html =404;
}
location / {
    root /opt/www/resource/;
}