python - 安装 2.7.5 时出现段错误

Question

我在一个相对干净的 Ubuntu 18.10 上。我正在尝试开始使用 pyenv 并设法使用它来安装 python 3.7.2。

然而，我尝试的第二件事是安装 2.7.5 并且无论我尝试什么，都失败了。

$ pyenv install 2.7.5
Downloading Python-2.7.5.tgz...
-> https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.5/Python-2.7.5.tgz
Installing Python-2.7.5...
patching file ./Modules/readline.c
Hunk #1 succeeded at 204 (offset -2 lines).
Hunk #2 succeeded at 747 (offset -2 lines).
Hunk #3 succeeded at 857 (offset -2 lines).
Hunk #4 succeeded at 905 (offset -13 lines).
patching file ./Lib/site.py
patching file ./Lib/ssl.py
Hunk #2 succeeded at 430 (offset -5 lines).
patching file ./Modules/_ssl.c
Hunk #1 succeeded at 65 (offset -2 lines).
Hunk #2 succeeded at 304 (offset -4 lines).
Hunk #3 succeeded at 1729 (offset -83 lines).

BUILD FAILED (Ubuntu 18.10 using python-build 1.2.9-12-g99092d7f)

Inspect or clean up the working tree at /tmp/python-build.20190219134616.5823
Results logged to /tmp/python-build.20190219134616.5823.log

Last 10 log lines:
        Modules/python.o \
        libpython2.7.a -lpthread -ldl  -lutil   -lm  
/usr/bin/ld: libpython2.7.a(posixmodule.o): in function `posix_tmpnam':
/tmp/python-build.20190219134616.5823/Python-2.7.5/./Modules/posixmodule.c:7515: warning: the use of `tmpnam_r' is dangerous, better use `mkstemp'
/usr/bin/ld: libpython2.7.a(posixmodule.o): in function `posix_tempnam':
/tmp/python-build.20190219134616.5823/Python-2.7.5/./Modules/posixmodule.c:7462: warning: the use of `tempnam' is dangerous, better use `mkstemp'
./python -E -S -m sysconfig --generate-posix-vars
Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix>
Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>]
make: *** [Makefile:464: pybuilddir.txt] Segmentation fault (core dumped)

出于好奇，我尝试了一个干净的新安装的 VM 并得到相同的错误，但在官方 Docker 镜像上它确实有效。所以我的环境一定有问题。

但是什么？

Answer 1

Python 2.7.5 将无法使用 gcc-8 Ubuntu 8.2.0-7ubuntu1 正确构建编译器，这是 Ubuntu 18.10 的默认编译器。

解决此问题的最简单方法是安装 gcc 7.3.0和符号链接(symbolic link)到 /usr/bin/gcc .

在这个问题的答案中很好地描述了如何做到这一点downgrade-gnu-compilers-ubuntu-18-04 .