python - 如何修复 : "Testing pyext configuration : Could not build python extensions"

Question

我正在尝试安装 wxPython，但 wheel 构建失败。该错误消息无助于指示要做什么或在何处查找以解决此问题。任何人都可以帮助我了解如何正确构建这个轮子吗？

Machine: Linux on Power (this is not x86)
OS: RHEL Server, 7.5 (Maipo)
python version: Python 3.6.4
pip3 version: pip 19.3.1

我注意到了 this stack overflow post ，这也没有帮助，因为我的 Linux 版本不在提供的列表中。

我尝试了上面的链接 wxPython download page和以下 install with pip但在第 5 步中基本上告诉您“查看日志并找出答案”......没有帮助。

我尝试使用我非常有限的能力手动破解 wxPython 包并删除一些依赖项......仍然没有。

<...>
  Finished command: build_wx (1m56.907s)
  Running command: build_py
  Checking for /tmp/pip-req-build-dgnp13sp/bin/waf-2.0.8...
  "/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/u/mfacchin/wxenvlop/bin/python3" /tmp/pip-req-build-dgnp13sp/bin/waf-2.0.8 --wx_config=/tmp/pip-req-build-dgnp13sp/build/wxbld/gtk3/wx-config --gtk3 --python="/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/u/mfacchin/wxenvlop/bin/python3" --out=build/waf/3.6/gtk3 configure build
  Setting top to                           : /tmp/pip-req-build-dgnp13sp
  Setting out to                           : /tmp/pip-req-build-dgnp13sp/build/waf/3.6/gtk3
  Checking for 'gcc' (C compiler)          : /bin/gcc
  Checking for 'g++' (C++ compiler)        : /bin/g++
  Checking for program 'python'            : /afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/u/mfacchin/wxenvlop/bin/python3
  Checking for python version >= 2.7.0     : 3.6.4
  python-config                            : /opt/xsite/cte/tools/python/3.6/bin/python3.6-config
  Asking python-config for pyext '--cflags --libs --ldflags' flags : yes
  Testing pyext configuration                                      : Could not build python extensions
  The configuration failed
  (complete log in /tmp/pip-req-build-dgnp13sp/build/waf/3.6/gtk3/config.log)
  Command '"/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/u/mfacchin/wxenvlop/bin/python3" /tmp/pip-req-build-dgnp13sp/bin/waf-2.0.8 --wx_config=/tmp/pip-req-build-dgnp13sp/build/wxbld/gtk3/wx-config --gtk3 --python="/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/u/mfacchin/wxenvlop/bin/python3" --out=build/waf/3.6/gtk3 configure build ' failed with exit code 1.
  Finished command: build_py (0m6.991s)
  Finished command: build (2m3.899s)
  Command '"/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/u/mfacchin/wxenvlop/bin/python3" -u build.py build' failed with exit code 1.
  Building wheel for wxPython (setup.py): finished with status 'error'
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for wxPython
<...>

----更新 12/2(根据 Robin Dunn 的反馈)谢谢罗宾的指示。以下是来自使用构建命令的不同运行的 config.log 的最后一部分。错误消息也略有不同(下面，在 config.log 之后)，因为我以前使用过明确的 wheel-build 命令:pip wheel -v wxPython-4.0.7.post1.tar.gz 2>&1 | T 恤 build.log。下面的日志是否证实了您关于使用 --enable-shared 配置标志构建 Python 的理论？

Testing pyext configuration
==>

#include <Python.h>
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
    void Py_Initialize(void);
    void Py_Finalize(void);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
   (void)argc; (void)argv;
   Py_Initialize();
   Py_Finalize();
   return 0;
}

<==
[1/2] Compiling [32mbuild/waf/3.6/gtk3/.conf_check_cfc3ecfbbf37890054f6518ca7961071/test.cpp[0m

['/bin/g++', '-fPIC', '-g', '-fwrapv', '-O3', '-I../../../../../../../../../../../../../../cte/tools/python/vol2/.3.6.4-linux-ppc64le/include/python3.6m', '-I/opt/xsite/cte/tools/python/common2018/include', '-DPYTHONDIR="/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages"', '-DPYTHONARCHDIR="/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages"', '-DNDEBUG', '../test.cpp', '-c', '-o/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/wxPython-4.0.7.post1_mf1/build/waf/3.6/gtk3/.conf_check_cfc3ecfbbf37890054f6518ca7961071/testbuild/test.cpp.1.o']
[2/2] Linking [33mbuild/waf/3.6/gtk3/.conf_check_cfc3ecfbbf37890054f6518ca7961071/testbuild/testprog.cpython-36m-powerpc64le-linux-gnu.so[0m

['/bin/g++', '-shared', '-Xlinker', '-export-dynamic', 'test.cpp.1.o', '-o', '/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/wxPython-4.0.7.post1_mf1/build/waf/3.6/gtk3/.conf_check_cfc3ecfbbf37890054f6518ca7961071/testbuild/testprog.cpython-36m-powerpc64le-linux-gnu.so', '-Wl,-Bstatic', '-Wl,-Bdynamic', '-L/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/cte/tools/python/vol2/.3.6.4-linux-ppc64le/lib/python3.6/config-3.6m-powerpc64le-linux-gnu', '-L/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/cte/tools/python/vol2/.3.6.4-linux-ppc64le/lib', '-lpython3.6m', '-lpthread', '-ldl', '-lutil', '-lm', '-lpython3.6m', '-lpthread', '-ldl', '-lutil', '-lm']
err: /bin/ld: /afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/cte/tools/python/vol2/.3.6.4-linux-ppc64le/lib/python3.6/config-3.6m-powerpc64le-linux-gnu/libpython3.6m.a(Python-ast.o): In function `obj2ast_keyword':
/data/ubrandt/Python-3.6.4/Python/Python-ast.c:7767:(.text.unlikely+0x608): call to `_Py_keyword' lacks nop, can't restore toc; recompile with -fPIC
/bin/ld: /afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/cte/tools/python/vol2/.3.6.4-linux-ppc64le/lib/python3.6/config-3.6m-powerpc64le-linux-gnu/libpython3.6m.a(Python-ast.o): In function `obj2ast_comprehension':
/data/ubrandt/Python-3.6.4/Python/Python-ast.c:7419:(.text.unlikely+0x9f4): call to `_Py_comprehension' lacks nop, can't restore toc; recompile with -fPIC
/bin/ld: /afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/cte/tools/python/vol2/.3.6.4-linux-ppc64le/lib/python3.6/config-3.6m-powerpc64le-linux-gnu/libpython3.6m.a(Python-ast.o): In function `obj2ast_alias':
/data/ubrandt/Python-3.6.4/Python/Python-ast.c:7802:(.text.unlikely+0xbec): call to `_Py_alias' lacks nop, can't restore toc; recompile with -fPIC
/bin/ld: /afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/cte/tools/python/vol2/.3.6.4-linux-ppc64le/lib/python3.6/config-3.6m-powerpc64le-linux-gnu/libpython3.6m.a(Python-ast.o): In function `obj2ast_withitem':
/data/ubrandt/Python-3.6.4/Python/Python-ast.c:7837:(.text.unlikely+0xdd4): call to `_Py_withitem' lacks nop, can't restore toc; recompile with -fPIC
/bin/ld: final link failed: Bad value
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

from /afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/wxPython-4.0.7.post1_mf1: Test does not build: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/wxPython-4.0.7.post1_mf1/bin/.waf3-2.0.8-206f2b7a89029e71942a2beb9e1bbbbd/waflib/Configure.py", line 324, in run_build
    bld.compile()
  File "/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/wxPython-4.0.7.post1_mf1/bin/.waf3-2.0.8-206f2b7a89029e71942a2beb9e1bbbbd/waflib/Build.py", line 176, in compile
    raise Errors.BuildError(self.producer.error)
waflib.Errors.BuildError: Build failed
 -> task in 'testprog' failed with exit status 1 (run with -v to display more information)

Could not build python extensions
from /.....: The configuration failed

这是我得到这个新运行的错误消息，略有不同

msgfmt --verbose -c -o zh_TW.mo zh_TW.po
1710 translated messages, 82 fuzzy translations, 61 untranslated messages.
make[1]: Leaving directory `/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/wxPython-4.0.7.post1_mf1/ext/wxWidgets/locale'
Setting top to                           : /afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/wxPython-4.0.7.post1_mf1 
Setting out to                           : /afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/wxPython-4.0.7.post1_mf1/build/waf/3.6/gtk3 
Checking for 'gcc' (C compiler)          : /bin/gcc 
Checking for 'g++' (C++ compiler)        : /bin/g++ 
Checking for program 'python'            : /afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/bin/python3 
Checking for python version >= 2.7.0     : 3.6.4 
python-config                            : /opt/xsite/cte/tools/python/3.6/bin/python3.6-config 
Asking python-config for pyext '--cflags --libs --ldflags' flags : yes 
Testing pyext configuration                                      : Could not build python extensions 
The configuration failed
(complete log in /afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/wxPython-4.0.7.post1_mf1/build/waf/3.6/gtk3/config.log)
Will build using: "/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/bin/python3"
3.6.4 (default, Feb 12 2018, 16:08:32) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16)]
Python's architecture is 64bit
cfg.VERSION: 4.0.7.post1

Running command: build
Running command: build_wx
wxWidgets build options: ['--wxpython', '--unicode', '--gtk3']
Configure options: ['--enable-unicode', '--with-gtk=3', '--enable-sound', '--enable-graphics_ctx', '--enable-display', '--enable-geometry', '--enable-debug_flag', '--enable-optimise', '--disable-debugreport', '--enable-uiactionsim', '--enable-autoidman', '--with-sdl']
/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/wxPython-4.0.7.post1_mf1/ext/wxWidgets/configure --enable-unicode --with-gtk=3 --enable-sound --enable-graphics_ctx --enable-display --enable-geometry --enable-debug_flag --enable-optimise --disable-debugreport --enable-uiactionsim --enable-autoidman --with-sdl
make --jobs=128
Building message catalogs in /afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/wxPython-4.0.7.post1_mf1/ext/wxWidgets/locale
make allmo
Finished command: build_wx (12m36.623s)
Running command: build_py
Checking for /afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/wxPython-4.0.7.post1_mf1/bin/waf-2.0.8...
"/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/bin/python3" /afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/wxPython-4.0.7.post1_mf1/bin/waf-2.0.8 --wx_config=/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/wxPython-4.0.7.post1_mf1/build/wxbld/gtk3/wx-config --gtk3 --python="/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/bin/python3" --out=build/waf/3.6/gtk3 configure build 
Command '"/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/bin/python3" /afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/wxPython-4.0.7.post1_mf1/bin/waf-2.0.8 --wx_config=/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/wxPython-4.0.7.post1_mf1/build/wxbld/gtk3/wx-config --gtk3 --python="/afs/apd.pok.ibm.com/func/vlsi/eclipz/sf5/usr/mfacchin/c01/python_venv/wxenv191202/bin/python3" --out=build/waf/3.6/gtk3 configure build ' failed with exit code 1.
Finished command: build_py (2m7.118s)
Finished command: build (14m43.742s)

Answer 1

看起来您可能正在使用自定义 Python 构建。您的 Python 是使用 --enable-shared 配置标志构建的吗？在 Linux 平台上，waf 构建工具假定 Python 是以这种方式构建的，并将尝试与 Python 共享库链接，如果它不存在，则会失败。

如果这没有帮助，那么您可以从 waf 的配置日志中获取更多详细信息。当使用 pip 进行构建时，它将在您访问临时构建文件夹之前删除它们。因此，如果您解压源存档并使用 python3 build.py build 进行构建，您将能够在 ./build/waf/3.6/gtk3/config.log 中找到日志 并希望在那里找到一些有用的线索。