c# - 检查 CancellationToken 是否已被取消

Question

我创建了一个小演示项目来帮助我了解如何使用取消 token 。我了解您取消了 token 并检查是否已请求取消，但是有没有办法可以检查取消是否已实现？在下面的示例中，我不想在 DoWork() 完成运行之前再次运行 Work()。

public class Program
{
    public static CancellationTokenSource tokenSource;

    private static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        while (true)
        {
            Work();
        }
    }

    public static async void Work()
    {
        tokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
        Console.WriteLine("Press any key to START doing work");
        Console.ReadLine();
        Console.WriteLine("Press any key to STOP doing work");
        DoWork(tokenSource.Token);
        Console.ReadLine();
        Console.WriteLine("Stopping...");
        tokenSource.Cancel();
    }

    public static async void DoWork(CancellationToken cancelToken)
    {
        while (true)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Working...");
            await Task.Run(() =>
            {
                Thread.Sleep(1500);
            });

            if (cancelToken.IsCancellationRequested)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Work Cancelled!");

                return;
            }
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

您通常不想让您的 DoWork 函数 async void 而是改为 async Task。这样您就可以看到它何时完成(或被取消)。

您可能还想使用 cancelToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested()。这会抛出一个 OperationCanceledException，您可以捕获它。

public class Program
{
    public static CancellationTokenSource tokenSource;

    private static async Task Main(string[] args)
    {
        while (true)
        {
            await Work();
        }
    }

    public static async Task Work()
    {
        tokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
        Console.WriteLine("Press any key to START doing work");
        Console.ReadLine();
        Console.WriteLine("Press any key to STOP doing work");

        var task = DoWork(tokenSource.Token);

        Console.ReadLine();
        Console.WriteLine("Stopping...");
        tokenSource.Cancel();

        try
        {
            await task;
        }
        catch (OperationCanceledException)
        {
            // Task was cancelled
        }
    }

    public static async Task DoWork(CancellationToken cancelToken)
    {
        while (true)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Working...");
            await Task.Run(() =>
            {
                Thread.Sleep(1500);
            });

            cancelToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
        }
    }
}

此代码依赖于 C# 7 中引入的“async main”。如果您没有这个，您可以将 Main 方法编写为:

private static void Main(string[] args)
{
    while (true)
    {
        Work().Wait();
    }
}