ASP.Net Web API - 从 ASP.NET MVC 项目生成 Bearer Token

Question

抱歉，如果这个问题措辞不当，我是身份验证的新手。

我有一个服务于我的 Web 前端的 ASP.NET MVC 项目，它使用 OWIN 和基于身份 cookie 的身份验证进行身份验证。这似乎独立于我的 Web API 工作正常。

我还有一个 ASP.NET Web API 项目，该项目也使用 OWIN 和基于身份 token 的身份验证进行了身份验证，例如向/Token 端点发出请求并获取可用于向 API 端点发出请求的不记名 token 。当使用通过/Token 端点生成的不记名 token 通过 postman 调用时，这工作正常，但是当我想从 MVC 应用程序调用 API 时没有密码，我无法使用 token 端点生成 token 。

我的问题是我希望能够从我经过身份验证的 ASP.NET MVC 应用程序向 ASP.NET Web API 发出请求，我将如何生成一个我可以调用 Web API 的 token ？鉴于我有一个已通过身份验证的 ClaimsIdentity。

我的 MVC 项目的 Startup.Auth 是:

public partial class Startup 
{
    public void ConfigureAuth(IAppBuilder app)
    {
        // Configure the db context, user manager and signin manager to use a single instance per request
        app.CreatePerOwinContext(ApplicationDbContext.Create);
        app.CreatePerOwinContext<ApplicationUserManager>(ApplicationUserManager.Create);
        app.CreatePerOwinContext<ApplicationSignInManager>(ApplicationSignInManager.Create);
        app.CreatePerOwinContext<ApplicationRoleManager>(ApplicationRoleManager.Create);

        // Enable the application to use a cookie to store information for the signed in user
        // and to use a cookie to temporarily store information about a user logging in with a third party login provider
        // Configure the sign in cookie
        app.UseCookieAuthentication(new CookieAuthenticationOptions
        {
            AuthenticationType = DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie,
            LoginPath = new PathString("/Account/Login"),
            Provider = new CookieAuthenticationProvider
            {
                // Enables the application to validate the security stamp when the user logs in.
                // This is a security feature which is used when you change a password or add an external login to your account.  
                OnValidateIdentity = SecurityStampValidator.OnValidateIdentity<ApplicationUserManager, ApplicationUser>(
                    validateInterval: TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30),
                    regenerateIdentity: (manager, user) => user.GenerateUserIdentityAsync(manager))
            }
        });            
    }
}

我的 Web API 项目的 Startup.Auth 是:

public partial class Startup
{
    public static OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions OAuthOptions { get; private set; }

    public static string PublicClientId { get; private set; }

    // For more information on configuring authentication, please visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=301864
    public void ConfigureAuth(IAppBuilder app)
    {
        // Configure the db context and user manager to use a single instance per request
        app.CreatePerOwinContext(ApplicationDbContext.Create);
        app.CreatePerOwinContext<ApplicationUserManager>(ApplicationUserManager.Create);

        // Configure the application for OAuth based flow
        PublicClientId = "self";
        OAuthOptions = new OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions
        {
            TokenEndpointPath = new PathString("/Token"),
            Provider = new ApplicationOAuthProvider(PublicClientId),
            AuthorizeEndpointPath = new PathString("/api/Account/ExternalLogin"),
            AccessTokenExpireTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromDays(14),
            // In production mode set AllowInsecureHttp = false
            AllowInsecureHttp = true
        };

        // Enable the application to use bearer tokens to authenticate users
        app.UseOAuthBearerTokens(OAuthOptions);
    }
}

谢谢，如果有任何有用的进一步信息，请告诉我。

Answer 1

我之前实现过的一个要考虑的选项是在从 MVC 应用程序成功登录后从 API 检索 token - 使用在登录期间传入的相同凭据。按照您喜欢的方式存储 token (即在 ASP.NET session 状态中)，然后根据需要在您的应用程序中使用它。

您的 MVC 应用程序登录 Controller 操作可能如下所示:

var result = await SignInManager.PasswordSignInAsync(model.Email, model.Password, model.RememberMe, shouldLockout: true);

switch (result)
{
    case SignInStatus.Success:

        BearerToken token;

        using (var httpClient = new HttpClient())
        {
            var tokenRequest =
                new List<KeyValuePair<string, string>>
                    {
                        new KeyValuePair<string, string>("grant_type", "password"),
                        new KeyValuePair<string, string>("username", model.Email),
                        new KeyValuePair<string, string>("password", model.Password)
                    };

            HttpContent encodedRequest = new FormUrlEncodedContent(tokenRequest);

            HttpResponseMessage response = httpClient.PostAsync("https://YourWebApiEndpoint/Token", encodedRequest).Result;
            token = response.Content.ReadAsAsync<BearerToken>().Result;

            // Store token in ASP.NET Session State for later use
            Session["ApiAccessToken"] = token.AccessToken;
        }

        return RedirectToAction("SomeAction", "SomeController");
}

BearerToken 只是完整 API token 结构的定制类表示:

public class BearerToken
{
    [JsonProperty("access_token")]
    public string AccessToken { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty("token_type")]
    public string TokenType { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty("expires_in")]
    public string ExpiresIn { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty("userName")]
    public string UserName { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty(".issued")]
    public string Issued { get; set; }

    [JsonProperty(".expires")]
    public string Expires { get; set; }
}

从 MVC 应用程序检索一些数据的示例调用可能如下所示:

using (var httpClient = new HttpClient())
{
    httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", Session["ApiAccessToken"].ToString());

    var response = httpClient.GetAsync("https://YourWebApiEndpoint/SomeController/SomeGetAction").Result;

    // Do something with response...
}