r - 减小树状图(或 y 轴)ggplot 的大小

Question

我有一个树状图的代码。如何减小树状图(或 y 轴)的大小？

我正在使用此代码作为示例。在我的数据集中，我有大标签，所以我没有足够的空间来包含它。出于这个原因，我想减少用于 y 轴的空间，减少 0 和 150 之间的距离。另外，当我将图形保存为 tiff 时，大部分图形是树状图，我看不清标签。

df   <- USArrests                 # really bad idea to muck up internal datasets
labs <- paste("sta_",1:50,sep="") # new labels
rownames(df) <- labs              # set new row names

library(ggplot2)
library(ggdendro)
hc       <- hclust(dist(df), "ave")           # heirarchal clustering
dendr    <- dendro_data(hc, type="rectangle") # convert for ggplot
clust    <- cutree(hc,k=2)                    # find 2 clusters
clust.df <- data.frame(label=names(clust), cluster=factor(clust))
# dendr[["labels"]] has the labels, merge with clust.df based on label column
dendr[["labels"]] <- merge(dendr[["labels"]],clust.df, by="label")
# plot the dendrogram; note use of color=cluster in geom_text(...)
ggplot() + 
  geom_segment(data=segment(dendr), aes(x=x, y=y, xend=xend, yend=yend)) + 
  geom_text(data=label(dendr), 
            aes(x, y, label=label, hjust=0, color=cluster), 
            size=3) +
  coord_flip() + 
  scale_y_reverse(expand=c(0.2, 0)) + 
  theme(axis.line.y=element_blank(),
        axis.ticks.y=element_blank(),
        axis.text.y=element_blank(),
        axis.title.y=element_blank(),
        panel.background=element_rect(fill="white"),
        panel.grid=element_blank())

如何减小与此热图相似的树状图的大小？


(来源: r-graph-gallery.com)

非常感谢

Answer 1

为了灵活性，我建议将树状图标签放在 x 轴本身上，而不是图中的文本标签。否则无论您为 expand 选择什么值在 y 轴上，某些图像尺寸/尺寸的部分标签可能会被剪掉。

为树状图标签定义调色板:

library(dplyr)
label.colour = label(dendr)$cluster %>% 
  factor(levels = levels(.),
         labels = scales::hue_pal()(n_distinct(.))) %>%
  as.character()

为了说明的目的，让一些标签很长:

label.values <- forcats::fct_recode(
  label(dendr)$label,
  sta_45_abcdefghijklmnop = "sta_45",
  sta_31_merrychristmas = "sta_31",
  sta_6_9876543210 = "sta_6")

阴谋:

p <- ggplot(segment(dendr)) + 
  geom_segment(aes(x=x, y=y, xend=xend, yend=yend)) +
  coord_flip() +
  scale_x_continuous(breaks = label(dendr)$x,

                     # I'm using label.values here because I made
                     # some long labels for illustration. you can
                     # simply use `labels = label(dendr)$label`
                     labels = label.values, 

                     position = "top") +
  scale_y_reverse(expand = c(0, 0)) +
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(axis.title = element_blank(),
        axis.text.y = element_text(size = rel(0.9),
                                   color = label.colour),
        panel.grid = element_blank())
p

# or if you want a color legend for the clusters
p + geom_point(data = label(dendr), 
               aes(x = x, y = y, color = cluster), alpha = 0) +
  scale_color_discrete(name = "Cluster",
                       guide = guide_legend(override.aes = list(alpha = 1))) +
  theme(legend.position = "bottom")