spring-boot - Kubernetes、Spring Boot 和微服务

Question

我正在使用 Spring Boot 和 Postgres 开发微服务应用程序。使用 Docker，一个容器中的 REST API 和另一个容器中的 Postgres，一切正常。但是当我尝试使用 Kubernetes 运行它时，它总是给出一个 API 错误。
Dockerfile我的基于 Spring Boot 的 API 的定义如下所示:

FROM alpine
RUN apk add openjdk8
MAINTAINER rjdesenvolvimento.com
COPY target/apipessoas-0.0.1.jar /opt/gaia/apipessoas.jar
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/java"]
CMD ["-jar", "/opt/gaia/apipessoas.jar"]
EXPOSE 8080

Dockerfile对于 Postgres:

FROM postgres:10-alpine
MAINTAINER rjdesenvolvimento.com
ENV POSTGRES_PASSWORD=postgres
ENV POSTGRES_PORT=5432
CMD ["postgres"]
ADD postgres.sql /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/
EXPOSE 5432

我的 docker-compose文件:

version: "3.0"
services:
  postgres:
    build:
      dockerfile: postgres.dockerfile
      context: .
    image: rjdesenvolvimento/postgres-apipessoas
    container_name: postgres
    ports:
      - "5432:5432"
    volumes:
      - /home/rodrigo/Projetos/Volumes:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    networks:
      - gaia_network

  apipessoas:
    build:
      dockerfile: api-pessoa.dockerfile
      context: .
    image: rjdesenvolvimento/api-pessoas
    container_name: api_pessoas
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
    depends_on:
      - postgres
    networks:
      - gaia_network
networks:
  gaia_network:
    driver: bridge

现在，我的 Kubernetes Postgres mainfest:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: postgres
  labels:
    app: postgres
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 5432
    name: postgres-api-pessoas
  clusterIP: None
  selector:
    app: postgres
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: postgres-api-pessoas
spec:
  serviceName: postgres
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: postgres
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: postgres
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: container-postgres-api-pessoas
        image: rjdesenvolvimento/postgres-apipessoas
        imagePullPolicy: Never
        env:
         - name: POSTGRES0_USER
           value: postgres
         - name: POSTGRES_PASSWORD
           value: postgres
         - name: POSTGRES_DB
           value: zeus
        ports:
        - containerPort: 5432          
          name: zeus
        volumeMounts:
          - name: volume-postgres-api-pessoas
            mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql/data
  volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
      name: volume-postgres-api-pessoas
    spec:
      accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 1Gi

和 API list :

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: servico-api-pessoas
spec:
  type: LoadBalancer
  selector:
    app: api-pessoas-pod
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 8080


apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: deployment-api-pessoas
  labels:
    app: api-pessoas-pod
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: api-pessoas-pod
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: api-pessoas-pod
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: contaienr-api-pessoas
        image: rjdesenvolvimento/api-pessoas
        imagePullPolicy: Never
        ports:
          - containerPort: 8080

当我将上述 YAML list 部署到 Kubernetes 时，出现此错误:

deployment-api-pessoas-8cfd5c6c5-dpln4   0/1       CrashLoopBackOff   6          10m
postgres-api-pessoas-0                   1/1       Running            0          28m

我做错了什么？

添加:

描述 pod

Name:           deployment-api-pessoas-8cfd5c6c5-nhtff
Namespace:      default
Node:           minikube/10.0.2.15
Start Time:     Sun, 16 Sep 2018 11:19:02 -0400
Labels:         app=api-pessoas-pod
                pod-template-hash=479817271
Annotations:    <none>
Status:         Running
IP:             172.17.0.5
Controlled By:  ReplicaSet/deployment-api-pessoas-8cfd5c6c5
Containers:
  contaienr-api-pessoas:
    Container ID:   docker://a6fb9a254895bb31effdcadd66675cfb5197f72d526f805d20cbbde90c0677cc
    Image:          rjdesenvolvimento/api-pessoas
    Image ID:       docker://sha256:f326d42c0afd7b4f3d3e7a06e8a2625f7a841a7451a08c2b326e90e13459b244
    Port:           8080/TCP
    Host Port:      0/TCP
    State:          Terminated
      Reason:       Error
      Exit Code:    1
      Started:      Sun, 16 Sep 2018 11:19:48 -0400
      Finished:     Sun, 16 Sep 2018 11:20:02 -0400
    Last State:     Terminated
      Reason:       Error
      Exit Code:    1
      Started:      Sun, 16 Sep 2018 11:19:11 -0400
      Finished:     Sun, 16 Sep 2018 11:19:42 -0400
    Ready:          False
    Restart Count:  1
    Environment:    <none>
    Mounts:
      /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-x9s8k (ro)
Conditions:
  Type           Status
  Initialized    True 
  Ready          False 
  PodScheduled   True 
Volumes:
  default-token-x9s8k:
    Type:        Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
    SecretName:  default-token-x9s8k
    Optional:    false
QoS Class:       BestEffort
Node-Selectors:  <none>
Tolerations:     node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
                 node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
  Type     Reason                 Age                From               Message
  ----     ------                 ----               ----               -------
  Normal   Scheduled              1m                 default-scheduler  Successfully assigned deployment-api-pessoas-8cfd5c6c5-nhtff to minikube
  Normal   SuccessfulMountVolume  1m                 kubelet, minikube  MountVolume.SetUp succeeded for volume "default-token-x9s8k"
  Normal   Pulled                 26s (x2 over 1m)   kubelet, minikube  Container image "rjdesenvolvimento/api-pessoas" already present on machine
  Normal   Created                23s (x2 over 1m)   kubelet, minikube  Created container
  Normal   Started                21s (x2 over 58s)  kubelet, minikube  Started container
  Warning  BackOff                6s                 kubelet, minikube  Back-off restarting failed container

日志太大，但我想我发现了问题:

     attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error 
creating bean with name 'pessoaJuridicaFuncionarioResource' defined in URL 
[jar:file:/opt/gaia/apipessoas.jar!/BOOT-
INF/classes!/com/rjdesenvolvimento/apipessoas/resource/funcionario/PessoaJ
uridicaFuncionarioResource.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed 
through constructor parameter 0; nested exception is 
org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error 
creating bean with name 'pessoaJuridicaFuncionarioService' defined in URL 
[jar:file:/opt/gaia/apipessoas.jar!/BOOT-
INF/classes!/com/rjdesenvolvimento/apipessoas/service/funcionario/PessoaJu
ridicaFuncionarioService.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through 
constructor parameter 0; nested exception is 
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating 
bean with name 'pessoaJuridicaFuncionarioRepository': Cannot create inner 
bean '(inner bean)#37ddb69a' of type 
[org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator] while setting 
bean property 'entityManager'; nested exception is 
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating 
bean with name '(inner bean)#37ddb69a': Cannot resolve reference to bean 
'entityManagerFactory' while setting constructor argument; nested 
exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: 
Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory': Post-processing of 
FactoryBean's singleton object failed; nested exception is 
org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.init.ScriptStatementFailedException: 
Failed to execute SQL script statement #1 of URL 
[jar:file:/opt/gaia/apipessoas.jar!/BOOT-INF/classes!/data.sql]: INSERT 
INTO zeus.endereco.pais (nome) VALUES ('Brasil'); nested exception is 
org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: ERROR: relation "endereco.pais" does 
not exist
Position: 13

HIBERNATE 不能创建任何表。

Hibernate: 

    create table endereco.endereco_pessoa_fisica_funcionario (
       id  bigserial not null,
        bairro varchar(255) not null,
        cep varchar(255) not null,
        complemento varchar(255) not null,
        logradouro varchar(255) not null,
        numero varchar(255) not null,
        fk_cidade int8,
        fk_pessoafisicafuncionario int8,
        primary key (id)
    )
2018-09-16 15:27:03.480  WARN 1 --- [           main] o.h.t.s.i.ExceptionHandlerLoggedImpl     : GenerationTarget encountered exception accepting command : Error executing DDL via JDBC Statement

org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.CommandAcceptanceException: Error executing DDL via JDBC Statement
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.exec.GenerationTargetToDatabase.accept(GenerationTargetToDatabase.java:67) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar!/:5.2.17.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.applySqlString(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:440) [hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar!/:5.2.17.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.applySqlStrings(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:424) [hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar!/:5.2.17.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.createFromMetadata(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:315) [hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar!/:5.2.17.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.performCreation(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:166) [hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar!/:5.2.17.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.doCreation(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:135) [hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar!/:5.2.17.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.doCreation(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:121) [hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar!/:5.2.17.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.performDatabaseAction(SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.java:155) [hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar!/:5.2.17.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.process(SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.java:72) [hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar!/:5.2.17.Final]
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:312) [hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar!/:5.2.17.Final]
    at org.hibernate.boot.internal.SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.build(SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.java:462) [hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar!/:5.2.17.Final]
    at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:892) [hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar!/:5.2.17.Final]
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.java:57) [spring-orm-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:365) [spring-orm-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:390) [spring-orm-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:377) [spring-orm-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:341) [spring-orm-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1758) [spring-beans-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1695) [spring-beans-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:573) [spring-beans-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:495) [spring-beans-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:317) [spring-beans-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) ~[spring-beans-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:315) [spring-beans-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199) [spring-beans-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1089) ~[spring-context-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:859) ~[spring-context-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:550) ~[spring-context-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:140) ~[spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar!/:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:762) ~[spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar!/:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:398) ~[spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar!/:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:330) ~[spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar!/:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1258) ~[spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar!/:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1246) ~[spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar!/:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at com.rjdesenvolvimento.apipessoas.ApipessoasApplication.main(ApipessoasApplication.java:10) ~[classes!/:0.0.1]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
    at org.springframework.boot.loader.MainMethodRunner.run(MainMethodRunner.java:48) ~[apipessoas.jar:0.0.1]
    at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:87) ~[apipessoas.jar:0.0.1]
    at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:50) ~[apipessoas.jar:0.0.1]
    at org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher.main(JarLauncher.java:51) ~[apipessoas.jar:0.0.1]
Caused by: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: ERROR: schema "endereco" does not exist
  Position: 19
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.receiveErrorResponse(QueryExecutorImpl.java:2440) ~[postgresql-42.2.4.jar!/:42.2.4]
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.processResults(QueryExecutorImpl.java:2183) ~[postgresql-42.2.4.jar!/:42.2.4]
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(QueryExecutorImpl.java:308) ~[postgresql-42.2.4.jar!/:42.2.4]
    at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.executeInternal(PgStatement.java:441) ~[postgresql-42.2.4.jar!/:42.2.4]
    at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.execute(PgStatement.java:365) ~[postgresql-42.2.4.jar!/:42.2.4]
    at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.executeWithFlags(PgStatement.java:307) ~[postgresql-42.2.4.jar!/:42.2.4]
    at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.executeCachedSql(PgStatement.java:293) ~[postgresql-42.2.4.jar!/:42.2.4]
    at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.executeWithFlags(PgStatement.java:270) ~[postgresql-42.2.4.jar!/:42.2.4]
    at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.execute(PgStatement.java:266) ~[postgresql-42.2.4.jar!/:42.2.4]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.ProxyStatement.execute(ProxyStatement.java:95) ~[HikariCP-2.7.9.jar!/:na]
    at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariProxyStatement.execute(HikariProxyStatement.java) ~[HikariCP-2.7.9.jar!/:na]
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.exec.GenerationTargetToDatabase.accept(GenerationTargetToDatabase.java:54) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar!/:5.2.17.Final]
    ... 42 common frames omitted


but if i run with docker-compose without kubertes, everthing works ok

添加:

在我的 application.properties 中:

1) 如果我在没有 docker 的情况下在我的电脑上运行:
spring.datasource.url= jdbc:postgresql://locahost:port/db_name

2)如果我在docker中运行
spring.datasource.url= jdbc:postgresql://docker_db_container_name:port/db_name

现在我不知道如何让 api 休息“看到”与 kubernetes 的数据库

添加:

首先，我想为我的缺席道歉。
我有个人问题。
其次，我要感谢大家迄今为止的帮助。

我修改了我的 Kubernetes 文件:

邮局

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: postgres-config
  labels:
    app: postgres
    camada: banco-de-dados
data:
  POSTGRES_DB: zeus
  POSTGRES_PASSWORD: lk85Kab5aCn904Ad
---
kind: PersistentVolume
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: postgres-volume
  labels:
    app: postgres
    tipo: local
spec:
  capacity: 
    storage: 5Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  hostPath:
    path: /home/rodrigo/Projetos/VolumeKube
---
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: postgres-volume-claim
  labels:
    app: postgres
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 5Gi
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: postgres
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: postgres
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: postgres
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: postgres
        image: rjdesenvolvimento/postgres-apipessoas
        imagePullPolicy: Never 
        ports:
        - containerPort: 5432
        envFrom:
          - configMapRef:
              name: postgres-config
        volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql/data
            name: postgres-database
      volumes:
        - name: postgres-database
          persistentVolumeClaim:
            claimName: postgres-volume-claim
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: postgres
  labels:
    app: postgres
spec:
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    app: postgres
  ports:
  - port: 5432

和API

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: api-pessoas
  labels:
    app: api-pessoas
    camada: backend
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: api-pessoas
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: api-pessoas
        camada: backend
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: api-pessoas
        image: rjdesenvolvimento/api-pessoas
        imagePullPolicy: Never
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: api-pessoas
  labels:
    app: api-pessoas
    camada: backend
spec:
  type: LoadBalancer
  selector:
    app: api-pessoas
    camada: backend
  ports:
  - port: 8080

错误继续。所以我静静地阅读并意识到kubernetes创建了“zeus DB”但没有创建SCHEMAS。

当我从 DockerFile 创建我的 Docker 镜像时，我添加了以下文件:

CREATE DATABASE zeus;
\connect zeus;
CREATE SCHEMA funcionario;
CREATE SCHEMA endereco;
CREATE SCHEMA tabela_auxiliar;
CREATE SCHEMA cliente;

但是这些信息不会传递给 Kubernetes。所以我必须手动输入并添加它们。然后一切正常。

如何让信息自动添加？

Answer 1

据我了解您的问题，您的服务 k8s pod 无法到达 postgres。您可能已经知道，在 k8s 中，pod 是短暂的，如果您需要通过 url 调用服务，则需要服务抽象。

我会通过 ssh 进入 App pod 并尝试 ping 您尝试连接到 postgres 的主机名(在您的应用程序配置中)

kubectl exec -it <podname> sh