python - 为每一行向 DF 添加唯一组，包括来自其他列的总和

Question

我有一个看起来像这样的 DatFrame:

ID     field_1     area_1    field_2       area_2    field_3     area_3    field_4      area_4
1      scoccer     500       basketball    200       swimming    100       basketball   50
2      volleyball  100       np.nan        np.nan    np.nan      np.nan    np.nan       np.nan
3      basketball  1000      football      10        np.nan      np.nan    np.nan       np.nan
4      swimming    280       swimming      200       basketball  320       np.nan       np.nan
5      volleyball  110       football      160       volleyball  30        np.nan       np.nan 

原始 DataFrame 具有相同的结构，但包含列 field_1 到 field_30 以及 area_1 到 area_30。

我想根据“field_x”中的不同表达式将列添加到带有水平组的 DF 中，并汇总对应的区域...添加的列应如下所示:

ID   group_1     area_1     group_2     area_2     group_3    area_3
        
1    scoccer     500        basketball  250        swimming   100
2    volleyball  100 
3    basketball  1000       football    10
4    swimming    480        basketball  320         
5    volleyball  140        football    160

有没有一种简单的方法可以实现这一点？

Answer 1

使用pd.wide_to_long reshape DataFrame，它允许您按字段和 ID 分组并对区域求和。在使用 cumcount 创建列标签后，pivot_table 回到宽格式。

df = (pd.wide_to_long(df, i='ID', j='num', stubnames=['field', 'area'], sep='_')
        .groupby(['ID', 'field'])['area'].sum()
        .reset_index())
#   ID       field    area
#0   1  basketball   250.0
#1   1     scoccer   500.0
#2   1    swimming   100.0
#3   2  volleyball   100.0
#4   3  basketball  1000.0
#5   3    football    10.0
#6   4  basketball   320.0
#7   4    swimming   480.0
#8   5    football   160.0
#9   5  volleyball   140.0

df['idx'] = df.groupby('ID').cumcount()+1
df = (pd.pivot_table(df, index='ID', columns='idx', values=['field', 'area'], 
                     aggfunc='first')
        .sort_index(axis=1, level=1))
df.columns = ['_'.join(map(str, tup)) for tup in df.columns]

---

    area_1     field_1  area_2     field_2  area_3   field_3
ID                                                          
1    250.0  basketball   500.0     scoccer   100.0  swimming
2    100.0  volleyball     NaN         NaN     NaN       NaN
3   1000.0  basketball    10.0    football     NaN       NaN
4    320.0  basketball   480.0    swimming     NaN       NaN
5    160.0    football   140.0  volleyball     NaN       NaN

---

只是为了好玩，您可以使用未记录的 pd.lreshape 而不是 wide_to_long。

# Change range to (1,31) for your real data.
pd.lreshape(df, {'area': [f'area_{i}' for i in range(1,5)],
                 'field': [f'field_{i}' for i in range(1,5)]}

#    ID    area       field
#0    1   500.0     scoccer
#1    2   100.0  volleyball
#2    3  1000.0  basketball
#3    4   280.0    swimming
#4    5   110.0  volleyball
#5    1   200.0  basketball
#....
#10   4   320.0  basketball
#11   5    30.0  volleyball
#12   1    50.0  basketball