python - Pygame 滚动条播放音量低还是高。？

Question

所以我的游戏中有一个滚动条我想要做的是如果 我的鼠标在 bar1 按钮上，我们在 bar1 按钮的移动点上，然后我们可以在它的 y 轴上上下移动它
如何上下移动栏，如果它与任何音量按钮相撞，我可以将背景音乐的音量更改为 0.1 或 0.2 或 0.3，以便它控制我的游戏音量 pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.3)
我的问题是我不知道如何开始我的一切都准备好了，但不知道从哪里开始***我怎样才能用我的鼠标在移动点上的 y 值上移动栏，如果 bar1 结束并且音量 1 2 或 3 4 按钮然后它应该在不同级别播放音量
我不知道如何解决这个问题任何帮助表示赞赏我只需要一种方法来调整我的游戏音乐，如果玩家向上或向下移动栏

while run:
    # Making game run with fps
    clock.tick(fps)
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            run = False


        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
        
              # this is our bar1 the gray part that we will be able to move
            if bar1.isOver(pos):
                bar1.y = pos
                print("WORKING{")
                

这是我的按钮和位置放置 move_spot是 bar1 只能上下移动的地方
bar1是播放器可以控制音量的条
音量 1 2 3 4 是我们设置背景音乐不同音量的地方

move_spot = button((colors),720,125,25,260, '')

bar1 = button((colors),715,125,30,60, '')
volume1 = button((colors2),715,145,30,60, '')
volume2 = button((colors2),715,210,30,60, '')
volume3 = button((colors2),715,280,30,60, '')
volume4 = button((colors2),715,350,30,60, '')


buttons = [bar1,move_spot,volume1,volume2,volume3,volume4]

这是我的按钮类

# our buttons
class button():
    def __init__(self, color, x,y,width,height, text=''):
        self.color = color
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.text = text
        self.over = False

    def draw(self,window,outline=None):
                #Call this method to draw the button on the screen
        if outline:
            pygame.draw.rect(window, outline, (self.x-2,self.y-2,self.width+4,self.height+4),0)
                    
        pygame.draw.rect(window, self.color, (self.x,self.y,self.width,self.height),0)
                
        if self.text != '':
            font = pygame.font.SysFont('image/abya.ttf', 60)
            text = font.render(self.text, 1, (255,255,255))
            window.blit(text, (self.x + (self.width/2 - text.get_width()/2), self.y + (self.height/2 - text.get_height()/2)))

    def isOver(self, pos):
                #Pos is the mouse position or a tuple of (x,y) coordinates
        if pos[0] > self.x and pos[0] < self.x + self.width:
            if pos[1] > self.y and pos[1] < self.y + self.height:
                return True
                    
        return False

    def playSoundIfMouseIsOver(self, pos, sound):
        if self.isOver(pos):            
            if not self.over:
                click.play()
                self.over = True
        else:
            self.over = False

这是您可以使用此条形图像运行和测试的最小代码
这是背景音乐 music

import pygame
pygame.init()

window = pygame.display.set_mode((800,800))



# our buttons
class button():
    def __init__(self, color, x,y,width,height, text=''):
        self.color = color
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.text = text
        self.over = False

    def draw(self,window,outline=None):
                #Call this method to draw the button on the screen
        if outline:
            pygame.draw.rect(window, outline, (self.x-2,self.y-2,self.width+4,self.height+4),0)
                    
        pygame.draw.rect(window, self.color, (self.x,self.y,self.width,self.height),0)
                
        if self.text != '':
            font = pygame.font.SysFont('freesansbold.ttf', 60)
            text = font.render(self.text, 1, (255,255,255))
            window.blit(text, (self.x + (self.width/2 - text.get_width()/2), self.y + (self.height/2 - text.get_height()/2)))

    def isOver(self, pos):
                #Pos is the mouse position or a tuple of (x,y) coordinates
        if pos[0] > self.x and pos[0] < self.x + self.width:
            if pos[1] > self.y and pos[1] < self.y + self.height:
                return True
                    
        return False

    def playSoundIfMouseIsOver(self, pos, sound):
        if self.isOver(pos):            
            if not self.over:
                click.play()
                self.over = True
        else:
            self.over = False


colors = 0,23,56
colors2 = 0,123,56

bar11 = pygame.image.load("bar.png").convert_alpha()


move_spot = button((colors),720,125,25,260, '')

bar1 = button((colors),715,125,30,60, '')
volume1 = button((colors2),715,145,30,60, '')
volume2 = button((colors2),715,210,30,60, '')
volume3 = button((colors2),715,280,30,60, '')
volume4 = button((colors2),715,350,30,60, '')


buttons = [bar1,move_spot,volume1,volume2,volume3,volume4]



# fos
fps = 60
clock = pygame.time.Clock()


# redraw
def redraw():
    window.fill((40,100,200))
    for button in buttons:
        button.draw(window)
    window.blit(bar11,(bar1.x,bar1.y))

# main loop
run = True
while run:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            run = False



    redraw()

    pygame.display.update()

pygame.quit()

Answer 1

作为一般经验法则，您希望将所有繁重的工作委托(delegate)给类，而将“好”的东西留给程序的主循环。我在这里创建了一个简单的类，它接受一些输入(宽度、高度、滑块选项的数量)，并将为您处理所有绘图、定位等。它还有一个选项 self.chosen ，它会告诉您选择了哪个选项。然后我使用它来设置混音器输出的音量，基于选择的选项，在 update() 中功能:

class VolumeBar(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, options, width, height):

        # Store these useful variables to the class
        self.options = options
        self.width = width
        self.height = height

        # The slider
        self.slider = pygame.image.load('slider.png')
        self.slider_rect = self.slider.get_rect()
        
        # The background "green" rectangles, mostly for decoration
        self.back = []
        objectHeight = (height-options*6)/(options-1)
        self.backHeight = objectHeight
        
        for index in range(options-1):
            self.back.append(pygame.Rect((0, rint((6*index+6)+index*objectHeight)), (width, rint(objectHeight))))

        # The foreground "blue" rectangles, mostly for decoration
        self.fore = []

        for index in range(options):
            self.fore.append(pygame.Rect((0, rint(index*(objectHeight+6))), (width, 6)))

        # Get list of possible "snaps", which the slider can be dragged to
        self.snaps = []
        
        for index in range(options):
            self.snaps.append((width/2, 3+(index*(objectHeight+6))))
            
        # A simple variable to tell you which option has been chosen
        self.chosen = 0

        # Generate the image surface, then render the bar to it
        self.image = pygame.Surface((width, height))
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.render()

        self.focus = False

    def render(self):
        self.image.fill([255, 255, 255])
        
        for back in self.back:
            pygame.draw.rect(self.image, [0, 192, 0], back)

        for fore in self.fore:
            pygame.draw.rect(self.image, [0, 0, 0], fore)

        self.image.blit(self.slider, (rint((self.width-self.slider_rect.width)/2),
                        rint(self.snaps[self.chosen][1]-(self.slider_rect.height/2))))

    def draw(self, surface):
        surface.blit(self.image, self.rect.topleft)

    def mouseDown(self, pos):
        if self.rect.collidepoint(pos):
            self.focus = True
            return True
        return False

    def mouseUp(self, pos):
        if not self.focus:
            return

        self.focus = False

        if not self.rect.collidepoint(pos):
            return

        pos = list(pos)

        # We've made sure the mouse started in our widget (self.focus), and ended in our widget (collidepoint)
        # So there is no reason to care about the exact position of the mouse, only where it is relative
        # to this widget
        pos[0] -= self.rect.x
        pos[1] -= self.rect.y

        # Calculating max distance from a given selection, then comparing that to mouse pos
        dis = self.backHeight/2 + 3

        for index, snap in enumerate(self.snaps):
            if abs(snap[1]-pos[1]) <= dis:
                self.chosen = index
                break

        self.render()

    def update(self):
        pygame.mixer.music.set_volume((self.options-self.chosen)*0.1)

大部分 __init__函数用于计算每个绿色和黑色矩形的位置，这些矩形在 render() 中绘制。并显示在 draw() .其他函数用于鼠标输入，首先检查 mouseDown发生在所述按钮上，如果发生，则设置 self.focus至 True ，使 mouseUp处理程序知道它应该更改滑块位置。
所有这些共同作用使一个工作 VolumeBar .下面是一个如何在主循环中使用它的例子:

import pygame
pygame.init()

rint = lambda x: int(round(x, 0)) # Rounds to the nearest integer. Very useful.

class VolumeBar(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, options, width, height):

        # Store these useful variables to the class
        self.options = options
        self.width = width
        self.height = height

        # The slider
        self.slider = pygame.image.load('slider.png')
        self.slider_rect = self.slider.get_rect()
        
        # The background "green" rectangles, mostly for decoration
        self.back = []
        objectHeight = (height-options*6)/(options-1)
        self.backHeight = objectHeight
        
        for index in range(options-1):
            self.back.append(pygame.Rect((0, rint((6*index+6)+index*objectHeight)), (width, rint(objectHeight))))

        # The foreground "blue" rectangles, mostly for decoration
        self.fore = []

        for index in range(options):
            self.fore.append(pygame.Rect((0, rint(index*(objectHeight+6))), (width, 6)))

        # Get list of possible "snaps", which the slider can be dragged to
        self.snaps = []
        
        for index in range(options):
            self.snaps.append((width/2, 3+(index*(objectHeight+6))))
            
        # A simple variable to tell you which option has been chosen
        self.chosen = 0

        # Generate the image surface, then render the bar to it
        self.image = pygame.Surface((width, height))
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.render()

        self.focus = False

    def render(self):
        self.image.fill([255, 255, 255])
        
        for back in self.back:
            pygame.draw.rect(self.image, [0, 192, 0], back)

        for fore in self.fore:
            pygame.draw.rect(self.image, [0, 0, 0], fore)

        self.image.blit(self.slider, (rint((self.width-self.slider_rect.width)/2),
                        rint(self.snaps[self.chosen][1]-(self.slider_rect.height/2))))

    def draw(self, surface):
        surface.blit(self.image, self.rect.topleft)

    def mouseDown(self, pos):
        if self.rect.collidepoint(pos):
            self.focus = True
            return True
        return False

    def mouseUp(self, pos):
        if not self.focus:
            return

        self.focus = False

        if not self.rect.collidepoint(pos):
            return

        pos = list(pos)

        # We've made sure the mouse started in our widget (self.focus), and ended in our widget (collidepoint)
        # So there is no reason to care about the exact position of the mouse, only where it is relative
        # to this widget
        pos[0] -= self.rect.x
        pos[1] -= self.rect.y

        # Calculating max distance from a given selection, then comparing that to mouse pos
        dis = self.backHeight/2 + 3

        for index, snap in enumerate(self.snaps):
            if abs(snap[1]-pos[1]) <= dis:
                self.chosen = index
                break

        self.render()

    def update(self):
        pygame.mixer.music.set_volume((self.options-self.chosen)*0.1)

screen = pygame.display.set_mode([500, 500])

test = VolumeBar(10, 30, 300)
test.rect.x = 50
test.rect.y = 50

clock = pygame.time.Clock()

game = True
while game:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            game = False

        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            test.mouseDown(pygame.mouse.get_pos())

        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:
            test.mouseUp(pygame.mouse.get_pos())

    if not game:
        break

    screen.fill([255, 255, 255])

    test.update()
    test.draw(screen)
    
    pygame.display.update()

    clock.tick(60)

最终产品:
https://i.gyazo.com/f6c2b5ede828f7715e5fd53a65c32c13.mp4
只要您的 mouseDown发生在这个小部件上， mouseUp将确定滑块结束的位置。因此，您可以单击、拖动或点击滑块上的任意位置，滑块将转到正确的位置。
访问滑块的位置很简单，看看 self.chosen .它默认为 0(因为它是在 __init__ 中设置的)函数，它位于最顶部。