linux - 使用 nix-shell 或 nix shell 在 Linux 64 上运行 MacOS sed

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potong想提请大家注意这个问题:

Help me help you a solution for this question will provide better answers for this topic.

在 SO 上回答 sed 问题我经常遇到“在 linux 上工作但在 MacOS 上不工作”的问题，是否可以将在 MacOS 上运行的 sed 版本加载到 nix shell 中？
目前使用 flakes 我可以使用以下方法获取最新的 gnus:

nix shell nixpkgs#gnused

有没有办法临时安装 BSD/MacOS 版本的 sed？

Answer 1

不久前我研究了这个问题；也许你可以利用
我发现的。
网络搜索显示对 FreeBSD 的需求很少 sed在 BSD 之外，所以我
决定从
github
并在最近的 Debian 系统上构建和测试它。为此，我创建了
3个文件(如下所列):

GET - 支持非 GNU 函数

adapt/local.c - 同上头文件

adapt/local.h - 下载、生成所需文件、运行 1 或 2 个
测试套件；请参阅标题和附近目标中的评论Makefile

在我的系统上，可执行文件构建没有错误。测试它使用 test我跑了

make test | tee multi_test.log | grep '^not ok' | tee multi_test.err.log

130 次测试中有 127 次成功，3 次失败:

not ok 69 7.1 # Print and file routines
not ok 75 7.7 # w results
not ok 97 8.21 # \ in y command

我认为，这些差异只不过是可以预期的:#69
由 tests/multi_test.sh 的输出差异触发, #75 差异
在 sed -n l内容(有限可移植性的测试用例)，
如果使用 /usr/share/dict/words，#97 就会消失在 makefile 中或使用 SHELL := /bin/bash而不是 printf '%s\n' 'a\b(c'在测试脚本中。
仍然在待办事项 list 上:

echo 'a\b(c'的 Makefile变量是硬编码的，更好地创建
它们是动态的；然而，名称似乎很少改变
程序与 *.names发展历程

支持 ATF
测试来自 sed (当前忽略)

支持在可执行文件中嵌入 ident 字符串 (tests/sed2_test.sh宏当前被忽略)而不是依赖于手册页中的日期
version
info

__FBSDID 备注 食谱在这里没有以通常的制表符为前缀
但与 ./Makefile (在行首)充当 >运算符(operator)
( make )。

# desc:
#   Download, build, test FreeBSD sed (dated 2020-06-10) on GNU/Linux
# compat:
#   dash 0.5.10  GNU Make 4.2.1  GNU wget 1.20  GNU gcc 9.30  man 2.9
# ref:
#   https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?sed
#   https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd-src/tree/main/usr.bin/sed
#   https://github.com/joshuarubin/wcwidth9
# files:
#   Makefile adapt/local.c adapt/local.h
# howto:
#   make download
#   make all
#   (optional) make download.tests download.regress.multitest.out test
#   (optional) cp $(exe) /usr/local/bin/bsdsed
#   (optional) cp $(man.1) /usr/local/man/man1/bsdsed.1
# note:
#   Mind the $(wgetFlags) and $(CFLAGS)

SHELL       := /bin/sh
wgetFlags   ?= --no-verbose --wait=1
# $(call wgetCmd,subtarget-name)
define wgetCmd =
  wget $(wgetFlags) --no-host-directories --directory-prefix=$($1.ldir) \
  -- $(addprefix $($1.url),$($1.names))
endef
#
hdrs        := defs.h extern.h
srcs        := misc.c compile.c process.c main.c
hdrx        := wcwidth9.h
srcx        := local.c
objs        := $(patsubst %.c,%.o,$(srcs) $(srcx))
# test scripts expect an executable named 'sed'
exe         := sed
man.1       := $(exe).1
man.ps      := $(exe).ps
binaries    := $(exe) $(man.1) $(man.ps)
#
subtargets  := wcwidth9 sed tests regress.multitest.out
dnldtargets := $(addprefix download.,$(subtargets))
#
wcwidth9.url    := https://github.com/joshuarubin/wcwidth9/raw/master/
wcwidth9.names  := $(hdrx)
wcwidth9.ldir   := ./
#
sed.url     := https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd-src/raw/master/usr.bin/sed/
sed.names   := POSIX sed.1 $(srcs) $(hdrs)
sed.ldir    := ./
tests.url   := $(sed.url)tests/
tests.names := \
    hanoi.sed inplace_race_test.sh legacy_test.sh math.sed  \
    multi_test.sh regress.G.out regress.P.out regress.b2a.out  \
    regress.bcb.out regress.c0.out regress.c1.out regress.c2.out  \
    regress.c3.out regress.hanoi.out regress.icase1.out  \
    regress.icase2.out regress.icase3.out regress.icase4.out  \
    regress.in regress.math.out regress.not.out regress.psl.out  \
    regress.s3.out regress.s4.out regress.s5.out regress.sg.out  \
    regress.sh regress.y.out sed2_test.sh
tests.ldir  := ./tests/
regress.multitest.out.url   := $(sed.url)tests/regress.multitest.out/
regress.multitest.out.names := \
    1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4.1 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13  \
    1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9  \
    2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21  \
    2.22 2.23 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 5.1  \
    5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 7.1 7.2  \
    7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9  \
    8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 8.16 8.17 8.18 8.19 8.20 8.21  \
    8.22 8.23 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 9.10 9.11 9.12  \
    9.13 9.14 9.15 9.16 9.17 9.18 9.19 9.20 9.21 9.22 9.23 9.24  \
    9.25 9.26 9.27 9.28 9.29 9.30 9.31
regress.multitest.out.ldir  := ./tests/regress.multitest.out/


.RECIPEPREFIX = >
.DELETE_ON_ERROR:
.PHONY: all clean realclean
all : $(binaries)
clean : ; rm -f -- $(objs) $(binaries)
realclean : clean
> rm -f -- local.c manpage.1 $(foreach T,$(subtargets),$(addprefix $($(T).ldir),$($(T).names)))
> rmdir --ignore-fail-on-non-empty -- \
        $(patsubst %/,%,$(foreach T,$(subtargets),$(filter-out %. %./,$($(T).ldir))))


# notonbsd: enable modifications in extern.h and $(srcx)
# __FBSDID: don't embed RCS ID
$(objs) : CFLAGS += -Dnotonbsd -D__FBSDID\(s\)=
$(objs) : $(srcs) $(hdrs)
extern.h : adapt/local.h
> grep -q '^.ifdef\s*notonbsd' $@ || { cat $@ $< > $@.tmp && mv -f -- $@.tmp $@ ; }
local.c : adapt/local.c
> cp $< $@
local.o : $(hdrx)
main.o : CFLAGS += -D__unreachable=__builtin_unreachable

$(exe) : $(objs)
> $(LINK.c) -o $@ $^
> $(if $(DEBUG),,strip $@)

$(man.1) : manpage.1
> cp $< $@

%.ps : %.1
> man -l -t $< > $@


.PHONY : download.all $(dnldtargets) download
download.all : $(dnldtargets)
$(dnldtargets) :
> $(call wgetCmd,$(patsubst download.%,%,$@))

download : download.wcwidth9 download.sed
> mv -f sed.1 manpage.1
> touch adapt/local.h


.PHONY: test
# ! run after: make download.tests download.regress.multitest.out
# ! hint: make test | tee multi_test.log | grep '^not ok' | tee multi_test.err.log
# - set PATH so scripts invoke the new sed executable
# - run multi_test.sh (requires /usr/share/dict/words regress.multitest.out/*)
# - optionally run inplace_race_test.sh
# - ignore legacy_test.sh regress.* (require m4 regress.m4 hanoi.sed math.sed)
# - ignore sed2_test.sh (requires ATF, cf. https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd-src/tree/main/contrib/atf)
test : | /usr/share/dict/words
> cd $(patsubst %/,%,$(tests.ldir)); \
    PATH="..:$$PATH"; \
    $(SHELL) multi_test.sh \
    $(if $(racetest),; $(SHELL) inplace_race_test.sh && rm -f file[0-9] file[0-9].prev)

.RECIPEPREFIX = >

/* Support for non-GNU functions, cf. man.freebsd.org */
#ifdef notonbsd

#include <err.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <regex.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <string.h>

#include <stdarg.h>
#include <errno.h>

#include "defs.h"
#include "extern.h"
#include "wcwidth9.h"  /* https://github.com/joshuarubin/wcwidth9 */

void
errc(int eval, int code, const char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list args;

    va_start(args, fmt);
    errno = code;
    err(eval, fmt, args);
    va_end(args);
}

char*
getprogname()
{
    return (program_invocation_short_name);
}

int
wcwidth(wchar_t wc)
{
    return wcwidth9(wc);
}

size_t
strlcpy(char *dst, const char *src, size_t dstsize)
{
    return snprintf(dst, dstsize, "%s", src);
}

size_t
strlcat(char *dst, const char *src, size_t dstsize)
{
    int dlen, slen, dslen, addlim;
    dlen = strlen(dst);
    slen = strlen(src);
    dslen = dlen + slen;
    addlim = (dstsize > dslen ? slen : dstsize - dlen - 1);
    if ( addlim > 0 )
        strncat(dst, src, addlim);
    return dslen;
}

#endif  /* notonbsd */

./adapt/local.c

/* To be appended to extern.h */
#ifdef notonbsd
extern  char *program_invocation_short_name;
char    *getprogname();
void    errc(int eval, int code, const char *fmt, ...);
int     wcwidth(wchar_t wc);
size_t  strlcpy(char *dst, const char *src, size_t dstsize);
size_t  strlcat(char *dst, const char *src, size_t dstsize);
#endif  /* notonbsd */