rust - Rust 中的 match 和 if-let 之间的主要区别是什么？

Question

在学习控制流时，我很少感到困惑。我不明白 if-let 之间的区别和 match .

fn main() {
    let some_u8_value = Some(8u8);
    // println!(" {} ", some_u8_value);
    if let Some(value) = some_u8_value {
        println!(" {} ", value);
    } else {
        println!("not a num");
    }

    match some_u8_value {
        Some(value) => println!(" {} ", value),
        None => println!("not a num"),
    }
}

为什么我们需要 if-let ?

Answer 1

Why do we need if-let?

我们不需要它，这是一个方便的功能。每 RFC 160其中介绍了它:

[if let] allows for refutable pattern matching without the syntactic and semantic overhead of a full match, and without the corresponding extra rightward drift.

和

The idiomatic solution today for testing and unwrapping an Option looks like

match optVal {
    Some(x) => {
        doSomethingWith(x);
    }
    None => {}
}

This is unnecessarily verbose, with the None => {} (or _ => {}) case being required, and introduces unnecessary rightward drift (this introduces two levels of indentation where a normal conditional would introduce one).

[explanation of the issues with using a simple if with is_some and unwrap]

The if let construct solves all of these problems, and looks like this:

if let Some(x) = optVal {
    doSomethingWith(x);
}