java - 从字符串中删除列表或数组的元素

Question

我有一个列表或一个字符串数组

String [] elements = {"cat", "dog", "fish"};

和一个字符串

String str = "This is a caterpillar and that is a dogger.";

如果字符串中存在任何数组/列表，我想从字符串中删除数组/列表的所有项目。
这样函数应该返回一个字符串

str = "This is a erpillar and that is a ger." (cat and dog removed from the string)

我可以做这样的事情

private String removeElementsFromString (String str, String [] elements) {
        if(Arrays.stream(elements).anyMatch(str::contains)){
            for(String item : elements){
                str = str.replace(item, "");
            }
        }
        return str;
    }

但是将 for 循环更改为其他内容的优雅方式是什么。

Answer 1

单线解决方案
以下单行程序完成了这项工作:

str = str.replaceAll(Arrays.stream(elements).map(s -> "(?:" + s + ")").collect(Collectors.joining("|")), "");

演示:

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String[] elements = { "cat", "dog", "fish" };
        String str = "This is a caterpillar and that is a dogger.";
        
        str = str.replaceAll(Arrays.stream(elements).map(s -> "(?:" + s + ")").collect(Collectors.joining("|")), "");

        System.out.println(str);
    }
}

输出:

This is a erpillar and that is a ger.

ONLINE DEMO
说明: Arrays.stream(elements).map(s -> "(?:" + s + ")").collect(Collectors.joining("|"))结果进入正则表达式， (?:cat)|(?:dog)|(?:fish)其中 means cat或 dog或 fish .
下一步是用 "" 替换这个生成的正则表达式.