awk - 在匹配 STRING 的前 8 行前添加 "#"

Question

这个问题有点令人困惑，所以我只举个例子。

假设我有以下情况:

$ grep -P "locus_tag\tM715_1000193188" Genome.tbl -B1 -A8
193188  193066  gene
            locus_tag   M715_1000193188
193188  193066  mRNA
            product hypothetical protein
            protein_id  gnl|CorradiLab|M715_1000193188
            transcript_id   gnl|CorradiLab|M715_mrna1000193188
193188  193066  CDS
        product hypothetical protein
        protein_id  gnl|CorradiLab|M715_1000193188
        transcript_id   gnl|CorradiLab|M715_mrna1000193188

我想在“locus_tag M715_1000193188”后面的8行加上“#”，这样我修改后的文件就变成这样:

193188  193066  gene
            locus_tag   M715_1000193188
#193188 193066  mRNA
#           product hypothetical protein
#           protein_id  gnl|CorradiLab|M715_1000193188
#           transcript_id   gnl|CorradiLab|M715_mrna1000193188
#193188 193066  CDS
#       product hypothetical protein
#       protein_id  gnl|CorradiLab|M715_1000193188
#       transcript_id   gnl|CorradiLab|M715_mrna1000193188

基本上，我有一个包含约 3000 个不同基因座标签的文件，对于其中的 300 个，我需要注释掉 mRNA 和 CDS 特征，因此 locus_tag 行之后的 8 行。

有什么方法可以用 sed 做到这一点？文件中还有其他类型的信息需要保持不变。

谢谢，阿德里安

Answer 1

如果你可以使用 awk，应该这样做:

awk 'f&&f-- {$0="#"$0} /locus_tag/ {f=8} 1' file
193188  193066  gene
            locus_tag   M715_1000193188
#193188  193066  mRNA
#            product hypothetical protein
#            protein_id  gnl|CorradiLab|M715_1000193188
#            transcript_id   gnl|CorradiLab|M715_mrna1000193188
#193188  193066  CDS
#        product hypothetical protein
#        protein_id  gnl|CorradiLab|M715_1000193188
#        transcript_id   gnl|CorradiLab|M715_mrna1000193188