python - Pygame 运行游戏的速度非常慢

Question

与此相关的其他几个问题已通过将绘制事件移出它不应该进入的循环来解决。不过我没有这个问题。任何帮助将不胜感激!

python :3.8

Pygame:1.9.6

如果需要试玩:

运行游戏。在屏幕上绘制以放置活细胞。单击“R”开始。您也可以在开始停止后单击“S”并再次绘制，但在单击后您必须等待几代才能真正停止(由于我假设的延迟相同)。

import pygame
import numpy

class Game():
    def __init__(self):
        self.Run()

    def GetAdj(self, x, y):
        nb = 0
        for c in range (-1, 2):
            for r in range (-1, 2):
                if r == 0 and c == 0:
                    pass
                else:
                    nposx = x + r
                    nposy = y + c
                    if nposx < len(self.pixels):
                        if nposy < len(self.pixels[nposx]):
                            if self.pixels[nposx][nposy] == 1:
                                nb += 1
        return nb

    def NextGeneration(self):
        newGeneration = numpy.zeros(self.ScreenWidth//2, self.ScreenHeight//2, dtype=int)
        for x, c in enumerate(self.pixels):
            for y, cell in enumerate(c):
                nbrs = self.GetAdj(x, y)
                if cell == 1:
                    if nbrs in [2, 3]:
                        newGeneration[x][y] = 1
                else:
                    if nbrs == 3:
                        newGeneration[x][y] = 1
        self.pixels = newGeneration

    def DrawBG(self):
        black = (0,0,0)
        white = (255,255,255)
        self.bg.fill(black)
        for c in range(self.ScreenWidth // self.cellsize):
            for r in range(self.ScreenHeight // self.cellsize):
                if self.pixels[c][r] == 1:
                    pygame.draw.rect(self.bg, white, (c*self.cellsize, r*self.cellsize, self.cellsize, self.cellsize))

    def Run(self):
        pygame.init()
        self.ScreenHeight = 720
        self.ScreenWidth = 1280
        self.ScreenSize = (self.ScreenWidth, self.ScreenHeight)
        screen = pygame.display.set_mode(self.ScreenSize)
        self.bg = pygame.Surface(self.ScreenSize)
        clock = pygame.time.Clock()
        mousedown = False
        self.pixels = numpy.zeros(self.ScreenWidth//2, self.ScreenHeight//2, dtype=int)
        self.cellsize = 10
        stage = 'Draw'
        running = True
        while running:
            clock.tick(60)
            events = pygame.event.get()
            for event in events:
                if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                    running = False
            if stage == 'Draw':
                for event in events:
                    if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP and mousedown:
                        mousedown = False
                    elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
                        mousedown = True
                    elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION and mousedown and stage == 'Draw':
                        mposx, mposy = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
                        self.pixels[mposx//self.cellsize][mposy//self.cellsize] = 1
                    elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_r:
                        stage = 'Run'
                        self.NextGeneration()

            elif stage == 'Run':
                for event in events:
                    if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_s:
                        stage = 'Draw'
                self.NextGeneration()

            self.DrawBG()
            screen.blit(self.bg, (0,0))
            pygame.display.flip()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    Game()

Answer 1

numpy 数组太大了。您为每个像素而不是每个单元创建一个数组。所以不要为每个单元格计算它，而是为每个像素计算它。

在 NextGeneration 和 Run 方法中改变数组的大小:

newGeneration = numpy.zeros(self.ScreenWidth//2, self.ScreenHeight//2, dtype=int)

newGeneration = numpy.zeros((self.ScreenWidth//self.cellsize, self.ScreenHeight//self.cellsize), dtype=int)

self.pixels = numpy.zeros(self.ScreenWidth//2, self.ScreenHeight//2, dtype=int)

self.cellsize = 10
self.pixels = numpy.zeros((self.ScreenWidth//self.cellsize, self.ScreenHeight//self.cellsize), dtype=int)

---

GetAdj 方法可以用numpy.sum 大大简化。 :

class Game():
    # [...]

    def GetAdj(self, x, y):
        x0, y0 = max(0, x-1), max(0, y-1)
        nb = numpy.sum(self.pixels[x0 : x+2, y0 : y+2]) - self.pixels[x, y]
        return nb

---

可以使用 scipy.ndimage.convolve 进一步提高性能和查找表(参见 Indexing Multi-dimensional arrays ):

import numpy
from scipy.ndimage import convolve

class Game():
    def __init__(self):
        self.kernel = numpy.array([[1,1,1], [1,0,1], [1,1,1]])
        self.lookup = numpy.array([0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0])
        self.Run()

    def NextGeneration(self):
        adjacent = convolve(self.pixels, self.kernel, mode='constant')
        newGeneration = self.lookup[self.pixels * 9 + adjacent]
        self.pixels = newGeneration