com - 如何迭代 COM coclass 的 vtable？

Question

如何迭代/访问 COM coclass 的 vtable，它将实现其公开接口(interface)的方法？

我需要访问存储其接口(interface)公开方法的所有地址的 vtable 部分。

例如Math 是 COM 对象，它暴露的接口(interface)是“Operations”，“Sum”是这个接口(interface)的方法，如何获取“Sum”的地址？

Answer 1

我不会问你为什么要这样做，但也许这会有所帮助......
每个 COM 对象必须至少实现 IUnknown 接口(interface)。因此，COM 对象实例的前四个字节是指向 IUnknown 对象的指针。 IUnknown 对象(以及任何其他具有虚函数的对象)的前四个字节是指向 vtbl 的指针。

(此示例中没有错误检查，因此请不要在该主题上 fork 。)

我使用 IReferenceClock 的一个实例进行演示。

int main()
{

    CoInitialize( NULL );

    IReferenceClock* pRefClock;
    HRESULT hr = CoCreateInstance( CLSID_SystemClock, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IReferenceClock, (void**)&pRefClock );

    DWORD* pIUnknownAddress = (DWORD*)pRefClock;
    DWORD* pVTBLaddress = (DWORD*)*pIUnknownAddress;

    // for example, the next interface could be accessed like this
    DWORD* pNextInterfaceAddress = ( (DWORD*)pRefClock ) + 1;
    DWORD* pNextVTBLaddress = (DWORD*)*pNextInterfaceAddress;
    // and you would access virtual functions in the same way as QueryInterface, AddRef and Release below in this example

    HRESULT (__stdcall *pQueryInterfaceFunction)(void*, REFIID, void**);
    ULONG (__stdcall *pAddRef)( void* );
    ULONG (__stdcall *pRelease)( void* );

    // IUnknown looks like this:
    // 
    // virtual HRESULT QueryInterface( REFIID riid, void** ppvObject);
    // virtual ULONG AddRef( void );
    // virtual ULONG Release( void );
    //
    // So, the first function in vtbl is QueryInterface, the second is AddRef...

    pQueryInterfaceFunction = (HRESULT (__stdcall*)(void*, REFIID, void**))*pVTBLaddress;
    pAddRef = (ULONG (__stdcall *)( void* ))*( pVTBLaddress + 1 );
    pRelease = (ULONG (__stdcall *)( void* ))*( pVTBLaddress + 2 );

    // Note: extra void* is actually this pointer.. see below that we pass pRefClock to every call

    IUnknown* pUnknown;
    UINT nRefCount;

    hr = pQueryInterfaceFunction( pRefClock, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pUnknown );

    if( SUCCEEDED( hr ) )
    {
        nRefCount = pUnknown->Release();
        ATLTRACE( TEXT( "nRefCount = %d\n" ), nRefCount );
    }

    nRefCount = pAddRef( pRefClock );
    ATLTRACE( TEXT( "nRefCount after AddRef() call = %d\n" ), nRefCount );

    nRefCount = pRelease( pRefClock );
    ATLTRACE( TEXT( "nRefCount after Release() call = %d\n" ), nRefCount );

    nRefCount = pRefClock->Release();

    CoUninitialize();

    return 0;
}