python - 如何迭代或递归确定二维数组中的邻居？

Question

我尝试使用 Python 3.7 确定二维数组中的邻居。
数组是这样的:

array([[ 1.,  2., nan, nan,  5.],
       [nan,  2., nan,  5., nan],
       [nan,  2.,  4., nan,  6.],
       [nan, nan, nan,  5.,  5.],
       [nan, nan, nan, nan, nan],
       [ 1.,  2.,  4., nan, nan],
       [ 1.,  2., nan, nan,  4.],
       [nan,  4., nan, nan,  5.]])

首先，需要确定最大值并且位置是(2,4)，然后我想得到它的邻居而不是 nan值。代码如下:

test_arr = np.array([[1,2,np.nan,np.nan,5], 
                     [np.nan,2,np.nan,5,np.nan],
                     [np.nan,2,4,np.nan,6],
                     [np.nan,np.nan,np.nan,5,5],
                     [np.nan,np.nan,np.nan,np.nan,np.nan], 
                     [1,2,4,np.nan,np.nan],
                     [1,2,np.nan,np.nan,5],
                     [np.nan,4,np.nan,np.nan,6]])
row = test_arr.shape[0] 
col = test_arr.shape[1] 
temp_amatrix = np.matrix(test_arr)
p = np.argwhere(test_arr == np.nanmax(temp_amatrix)).flatten()[0]
q = np.argwhere(test_arr == np.nanmax(temp_amatrix)).flatten()[1]
def neighbours(test_arr_in,countnotnan_in):
    for r in range(len(np.where(countnotnan_in==1)[0])):
        x = np.where(countnotnan_in == 1)[0][r]
        y = np.where(countnotnan_in == 1)[1][r]
        indexlist = [[x-1,y-1],[x-1,y],[x-1,y+1],[x,y-1],[x,y+1],[x+1,y-1],[x+1,y],[x+1,y+1]]
        for c in indexlist:
            if 0 <= c[0] < row and 0 <= c[1] < col:
                if np.isnan(test_arr_in[c[0],c[1]]) == False:
                    countnotnan_in[c[0],c[1]] = 1
    return countnotnan_in
countnotnan = np.zeros_like(test_arr)
countnotnan[p][q] = 1 
notnan_arr = neighbours(test_arr,countnotnan)
   

结果是:

notnan_arr = array([[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                    [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0],
                    [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
                    [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 1],
                    [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                    [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                    [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                    [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]])

是的，没关系。实际上，我想使用新的“1”值来确定它们的邻居，即确定 (1,3)、(3,3) 和 (3,4) 位置的邻居。重复此过程，直到所有值从 (2,4) 位置开始的位置都被识别。结果将是这样的:

notnan_arr = array([[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 1],
                    [ 0, 1, 0, 1, 0],
                    [ 0, 1, 1, 0, 1],
                    [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 1],
                    [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                    [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                    [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                    [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]])

接下来，我要确定其余未识别值的最大值以重复该过程，直到识别出具有此二维数组值的所有邻居的位置。最后的结果应该是这样的:

notnan_arr = array([[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 1],
                    [ 0, 1, 0, 1, 0],
                    [ 0, 1, 1, 0, 1],
                    [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 1],
                    [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                    [ 1, 1, 1, 0, 0],
                    [ 1, 1, 0, 0, 1],
                    [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 1]])

如果有人对描述有任何疑问，我的母语不是英语。请告诉我，我会尽力说明。如果有人能帮助我，我将不胜感激。

Answer 1

def neighbours(test_arr_in,fstnotnan_in,count_in,countused_in):
    for r in range(len(np.where(fstnotnan_in==1)[0])):
        x = np.where(count_in == 1)[0][r]
        y = np.where(count_in == 1)[1][r]
        if  np.isnan(countused_in[x][y]) == True:
            continue
        else:
            countused_in[x,y] = np.nan
            indexlist = [[x-1,y-1],[x-1,y],[x-1,y+1],[x,y-1],[x,y+1],[x+1,y-1],[x+1,y],[x+1,y+1]]
            for c in indexlist:
                if 0 <= c[0] < row and 0 <= c[1] < col:
                    if np.isnan(test_arr_in[c[0],c[1]]) == False:
                        fstnotnan_in[c[0],c[1]] = 1
    count_in = np.where(fstnotnan_in == 1,1.,0)
    return fstnotnan_in,count_in,countused_in

test_arr = np.array([[1,2,np.nan,np.nan,5],
                     [np.nan,2,np.nan,5,np.nan],
                     [np.nan,2,4,np.nan,6], 
                     [np.nan,np.nan,np.nan,5,5],
                     [np.nan,np.nan,np.nan,np.nan,np.nan],
                     [1,2,4,np.nan,np.nan],
                     [1,2,np.nan,np.nan,5],
                     [np.nan,4,np.nan,np.nan,6]])
row = test_arr.shape[0] 
col = test_arr.shape[1]
temp_amatrix = np.matrix(test_arr)
p = np.argwhere(test_arr == np.nanmax(temp_amatrix)).flatten()[0]
q = np.argwhere(test_arr == np.nanmax(temp_amatrix)).flatten()[1]
countused = np.zeros_like(test_arr)
fstnotnan = np.zeros_like(test_arr)
count = np.full((row,col),np.nan)
fstnotnan[p,q] = 1
count[p,q] = 1

一步一步，完成了第二个结果。

fstnotnan_out,count_out,countused_out = neighbours(test_arr,fstnotnan,count,countused)
fstnotnan_out1,count_out1,countused_out1 = neighbours(test_arr,fstnotnan_out,count_out,countused_out)
fstnotnan_out2,count_out2,countused_out2 = neighbours(test_arr,fstnotnan_out1,count_out1,countused_out1)
fstnotnan_out3,count_out3,countused_out3 = neighbours(test_arr,fstnotnan_out2,count_out2,countused_out2)
fstnotnan_out4,count_out4,countused_out4 = neighbours(test_arr,fstnotnan_out3,count_out3,countused_out3)

然而，这只是一个例子。我的数据集有一万多行和列。所以我想递归地完成目标。我尝试代码如下:

def neighbours(test_arr_in,fstnotnan_in,count_in,countused_in):
    if (np.where(fstnotnan_in== 1)[0].shape[0] == np.where(np.isnan(countused_in))[0].shape[0]) == True:
        return fstnotnan_in,count_in,countused_in
    else:
        for r in range(len(np.where(fstnotnan_in==1)[0])):
            x = np.where(count_in == 1)[0][r]
            y = np.where(count_in == 1)[1][r]
            if  np.isnan(countused_in[x][y]) == True:
                continue
            else:
                countused_in[x,y] = np.nan
                indexlist = [[x-1,y-1],[x-1,y],[x-1,y+1],[x,y-1],[x,y+1],[x+1,y-1],[x+1,y],[x+1,y+1]]
                for c in indexlist:
                    if 0 <= c[0] < row and 0 <= c[1] < col:
                        if np.isnan(test_arr_in[c[0],c[1]]) == False:
                            fstnotnan_in[c[0],c[1]] = 1
        count_in = np.where(fstnotnan_in == 1,1.,0)
        return neighbours(test_arr_in,fstnotnan_in,count_in,countused_in)

没关系。我知道了!