spring - spring 调度程序和 spring 批处理项目编写器的事务问题

Question

我正在尝试使用 @Scheduled 运行 Spring 批处理作业注释如下:

@Scheduled(cron = "* * * * * ?")
public void launchMessageDigestMailing() throws JobParametersInvalidException, JobExecutionAlreadyRunningException, JobRestartException, JobInstanceAlreadyCompleteException {
    jobLauncher.run(messagesDigestMailingJob, new JobParametersBuilder().addDate("execution_date", new Date()).toJobParameters());
}

我收到以下错误:

javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: Executing an update/delete query

但是，当我从 spring mvc Controller 启 Action 业时，不会发生此错误，如下所示:

@GetMapping("/messageDigestMailing")
public void launchMessageDigestMailing() throws JobParametersInvalidException, JobExecutionAlreadyRunningException, JobRestartException, JobInstanceAlreadyCompleteException {
    jobLauncher.run(messagesDigestMailingJob, new JobParametersBuilder().addDate("execution_date", new Date()).toJobParameters());
}

我了解 Spring 批处理管理事务并且不需要 @Transactional/ @EnableTransactionManagement .为什么我会得到上述异常？

我在网上找到的所有样本都使用 ResourcelessTransactionManager (请参阅 https://www.mkyong.com/spring-batch/spring-batch-and-spring-taskscheduler-example )但我确实需要将我的作业执行持久化到数据库中。

有人可以帮忙吗？

编辑 :这是堆栈跟踪(您可以看到下面提到的 Spring 批次 ItemWriter):

Caused by: org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException: Executing an update/delete query; nested exception is javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: Executing an update/delete query
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryUtils.convertJpaAccessExceptionIfPossible(EntityManagerFactoryUtils.java:413) ~[spring-orm-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.translateExceptionIfPossible(HibernateJpaDialect.java:246) ~[spring-orm-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.translateExceptionIfPossible(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:488) ~[spring-orm-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.dao.support.ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible(ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.java:59) ~[spring-tx-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.dao.support.DataAccessUtils.translateIfNecessary(DataAccessUtils.java:213) ~[spring-tx-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:147) ~[spring-tx-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) [spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor$CrudMethodMetadataPopulatingMethodInterceptor.invoke(CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor.java:133) ~[spring-data-jpa-1.11.3.RELEASE.jar:na]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) [spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:92) ~[spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) [spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.SurroundingTransactionDetectorMethodInterceptor.invoke(SurroundingTransactionDetectorMethodInterceptor.java:57) ~[spring-data-commons-1.13.3.RELEASE.jar:na]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) [spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:213) [spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy129.markMessagesAsNotificationSent(Unknown Source) ~[na:na]
        at java.lang.Iterable.forEach(Iterable.java:75) ~[na:1.8.0_102]
        at com.bignibou.writer.MessagesDigestMailerItemWriter.write(MessagesDigestMailerItemWriter.java:49) ~[main/:na]
        at org.springframework.batch.core.step.item.SimpleChunkProcessor.writeItems(SimpleChunkProcessor.java:175) ~[spring-batch-core-3.0.7.RELEASE.jar:3.0.7.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.batch.core.step.item.SimpleChunkProcessor.doWrite(SimpleChunkProcessor.java:151) ~[spring-batch-core-3.0.7.RELEASE.jar:3.0.7.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.batch.core.step.item.FaultTolerantChunkProcessor$3.doWithRetry(FaultTolerantChunkProcessor.java:328) ~[spring-batch-core-3.0.7.RELEASE.jar:3.0.7.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate.doExecute(RetryTemplate.java:286) ~[spring-retry-1.2.0.RELEASE.jar:na]
        ... 48 common frames omitted

编辑 2 :当我尝试使用 @EnableTransactionManagement 启用事务时和:

@Scheduled(cron = "* * * * * ?")
@Transactional
public void launchMessageDigestMailing() throws JobParametersInvalidException, JobExecutionAlreadyRunningException, JobRestartException, JobInstanceAlreadyCompleteException {
    jobLauncher.run(messagesDigestMailingJob, new JobParametersBuilder().addDate("execution_date", new Date()).toJobParameters());
}

我收到以下异常:

2017-05-20 17:04:04.013 ERROR 5574 --- [pool-2-thread-1] o.s.s.s.TaskUtils$LoggingErrorHandler    : Unexpected error occurred in scheduled task.

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Existing transaction detected in JobRepository. Please fix this and try again (e.g. remove @Transactional annotations from client).
        at org.springframework.batch.core.repository.support.AbstractJobRepositoryFactoryBean$1.invoke(AbstractJobRepositoryFactoryBean.java:168) ~[spring-batch-core-3.0.7.RELEASE.jar:3.0.7.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) ~[spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:213) ~[spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy117.createJobExecution(Unknown Source) ~[na:na]
        at org.springframework.batch.core.launch.support.SimpleJobLauncher.run(SimpleJobLauncher.java:125) ~[spring-batch-core-3.0.7.RELEASE.jar:3.0.7.RELEASE]
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_102]
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_102]
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_102]
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_102]
        at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:333) ~[spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:190) ~[spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157) ~[spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.SimpleBatchConfiguration$PassthruAdvice.invoke(SimpleBatchConfiguration.java:127) ~[spring-batch-core-3.0.7.RELEASE.jar:3.0.7.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) ~[spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:213) ~[spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy142.run(Unknown Source) ~[na:na]
        at com.bignibou.scheduler.Scheduler.launchMessageDigestMailing(Scheduler.java:33) ~[main/:na]
        at com.bignibou.scheduler.Scheduler$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$f0615234.invoke(<generated>) ~[main/:na]
        at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204) ~[spring-core-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:738) ~[spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157) ~[spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor$1.proceedWithInvocation(TransactionInterceptor.java:99) ~[spring-tx-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:282) ~[spring-tx-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:96) ~[spring-tx-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) ~[spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:673) ~[spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at com.bignibou.scheduler.Scheduler$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$26d7d986.launchMessageDigestMailing(<generated>) ~[main/:na]
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_102]
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_102]
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_102]
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_102]
        at org.springframework.scheduling.support.ScheduledMethodRunnable.run(ScheduledMethodRunnable.java:65) ~[spring-context-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.scheduling.support.DelegatingErrorHandlingRunnable.run(DelegatingErrorHandlingRunnable.java:54) ~[spring-context-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ReschedulingRunnable.run(ReschedulingRunnable.java:81) [spring-context-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar:4.3.8.RELEASE]
        at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511) [na:1.8.0_102]
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266) [na:1.8.0_102]
        at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.access$201(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:180) [na:1.8.0_102]
        at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.run(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:293) [na:1.8.0_102]
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) [na:1.8.0_102]
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) [na:1.8.0_102]
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) [na:1.8.0_102]

编辑 3 :这是我的阅读器配置:

@Bean
@StepScope
public static ItemReader<UserAccount> jpaPagingItemReader(EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory) {
    final JpaPagingItemReader<UserAccount> reader = new JpaPagingItemReader<>();
    reader.setEntityManagerFactory(entityManagerFactory);
    reader.setQueryString("SELECT ua FROM UserAccount ua JOIN FETCH ua.receivedMessages msg " +
            "WHERE msg.notificationSent = false AND msg.messageRead = false AND ua.enabled = true AND ua.emailNotification = true");
    return reader;
}

Answer 1

按照 Michael Minella 的建议检查配置的 bean(/beans 端点)，我注意到配置和声明的事务管理器，名为 transactionManager不是类型 JpaTransactionManager .见下文:

{
"bean": "transactionManager",
"aliases": [],
"scope": "singleton",
"type": "com.sun.proxy.$Proxy121",
"resource": "class path resource [org/springframework/batch/core/configuration/annotation/SimpleBatchConfiguration.class]",
"dependencies": [],
},

所以我配置了一个 JpaTransactionManager如下:

@Configuration
public class TransactionManagerConfiguration {

    @Bean
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory) {
        JpaTransactionManager transactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager();
        transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(entityManagerFactory);
        return transactionManager;
    }
}

问题已解决。请注意，我没有使用任何 @Transactional或 @EnableTransactionManagement在我的配置中。