.net - 在 Powershell 中使用升级的 FolderBrowserDialog ("Vista style")

Question

我正在使用 PowerShell 使用户能够浏览 Node.js 应用程序的文件/文件夹路径(因为到目前为止我还没有找到更好的轻量级替代方案)，而且我在处理可怕的、可怜的可用性 FolderBrowserDialog不支持:

粘贴路径

访问快速访问项目

更改 View

排序或过滤项目

等等...

标准脚本如下所示:

Function Select-FolderDialog($Description="Select Folder", $RootFolder="MyComputer"){
    [System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.windows.forms") | Out-Null     
        
    $objForm = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.FolderBrowserDialog
    $objForm.RootFolder = $RootFolder
    $objForm.ShowNewFolderButton = $true
    $objForm.Description = "Please choose a folder"
    $Show = $objForm.ShowDialog()
    If ($Show -eq "OK")
    {
        Return $objForm.SelectedPath
    }
    Else
    {
        Write-Error "Operation cancelled by user."
    }
}
$folder = Select-FolderDialog
write-host $folder

我用过 Windows API CodePack为过去的 C# Windows 窗体应用程序创建一个 CommonOpenFileDialog与 IsFolderPicker = true ，让我了解 OpenFileDialog 的功能和可访问性易于使用的托管文件夹浏览器。

在我在这里寻找使用类似内容的方法时，我了解到常规的 FolderBrowserDialog got an upgrade, at least in .Net Core .
呵呵，真巧。
有什么办法可以访问升级版从 PowerShell 脚本？
添加 $objForm.AutoUpgradeEnabled = $true上面的代码不会改变任何东西(确实是 the default )
(另外，如果有人知道如何以更直接的方式为 Node.js 应用程序提供一个合适的文件夹浏览器对话框，请给我留言 ^^)
到目前为止的解决方法:
1:滥用 OpenFileDialog

Function Select-FolderDialog($Description="Select Folder", $RootFolder="MyComputer"){
    [System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.windows.forms") | Out-Null     

    $objForm = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog
    $objForm.DereferenceLinks = $true
    $objForm.CheckPathExists = $true
    $objForm.FileName = "[Select this folder]"
    $objForm.Filter = "Folders|`n"
    $objForm.AddExtension = $false
    $objForm.ValidateNames = $false
    $objForm.CheckFileExists = $false
    $Show = $objForm.ShowDialog()
    If ($Show -eq "OK")
    {
        Return $objForm.FileName
    }
    Else
    {
        Write-Error "Operation cancelled by user."
    }
}

$folder = Select-FolderDialog
write-host $folder

这将创建一个继承自更好的对话框 FileDialog Class ，它仅显示文件夹并允许您返回类似“C:\Some dir\Dir I want\[Select this folder]”的路径，即使它不存在，然后我可以将其修剪回“C:\一些目录\目录我想要”。
优点:

全功能浏览器，根据需要

缺点:

文件名字段不能为空。尝试使用类似
换行符导致错误对话框提示
无效的文件名和 FileOpenDialog拒绝退货
文件名，即使 ValidateNames是 false .

用户可以在文件名字段中输入任何内容，这可能会导致混淆。

当您向上浏览文件夹树时，单击接受按钮(“打开”)只会浏览回先前选择的子目录，即使您取消选择它

您必须修剪掉返回路径的最后一部分，并希望不会因选择不存在的文件而发生进一步的怪异

2:给一个标准对话框一个编辑控件
使用 Shell.BrowseForFolder方法

# Included the options values from https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/shlobj_core/ns-shlobj_core-browseinfoa
$BIF_RETURNONLYFSDIRS = [uint32]"0x00000001"
$BIF_DONTGOBELOWDOMAIN = [uint32]"0x00000002"
$BIF_STATUSTEXT = [uint32]"0x00000004"
$BIF_RETURNFSANCESTORS = [uint32]"0x00000008"
$BIF_EDITBOX = [uint32]"0x00000010" # <-- this is the important one
$BIF_VALIDATE = [uint32]"0x00000020"
$BIF_NEWDIALOGSTYLE = [uint32]"0x00000040" # <-- this sounds nice, but somehow changes nothing
$BIF_BROWSEINCLUDEURLS = [uint32]"0x00000080"
$BIF_USENEWUI = $BIF_NEWDIALOGSTYLE
$BIF_UAHINT = [uint32]"0x00000100"
$BIF_NONEWFOLDERBUTTON = [uint32]"0x00000200"
$BIF_NOTRANSLATETARGETS = [uint32]"0x00000400"
$BIF_BROWSEFORCOMPUTER = [uint32]"0x00001000"
$BIF_BROWSEFORPRINTER = [uint32]"0x00002000"
$BIF_BROWSEINCLUDEFILES = [uint32]"0x00004000"
$BIF_SHAREABLE = [uint32]"0x00008000"
$BIF_BROWSEFILEJUNCTIONS = [uint32]"0x00010000"

$options = 0
$options += $BIF_STATUSTEXT
$options += $BIF_EDITBOX
$options += $BIF_VALIDATE
$options += $BIF_NEWDIALOGSTYLE
$options += $BIF_BROWSEINCLUDEURLS
$options += $BIF_SHAREABLE
$options += $BIF_BROWSEFILEJUNCTIONS

$shell = new-object -comobject Shell.Application
$folder = $shell.BrowseForFolder(0, "Select a folder", $options)
if($folder){
    write-host $folder.Self.Path()
}

为了清楚起见，我包含了这些选项，但您可以将上述所有内容硬编码到 $folder = $shell.BrowseForFolder(0, "Select a folder", 98548) 中。 ，这是整洁的。

优点:

按预期使用文件夹浏览器对话框

强大的用户体验

可以粘贴路径

支持 UNC 路径

支持自动完成

缺点:

没有带有快速访问项等的侧面板

无法更改 View 、排序等

没有预览/缩略图

Answer 1

哇，您可以在 PowerShell 中使用 C#!
环顾四周，我羡慕每个人都在 C# 中玩耍并利用我不知道如何在 PowerShell 中访问的酷功能。
我喜欢 this approach ，例如，它不依赖于遗留 API 并且对不受支持的系统有一个后备。
然后我看到您可以在 PowerShell 中使用实际的 C#!
我将两者放在一起，稍微修改了代码以使其更容易从 PS 调用，然后出现了一种相当轻量级、希望稳健的方法来调用用户可用的最佳文件夹浏览器对话框:

[Revised code below]

我很想听听关于整个方法可能有多可靠的意见。
无法访问某些引用或出现其他问题的可能性有多大？
无论如何，我现在对这种方法很满意:)
编辑:PowerShell“核心”(pwsh.exe；较新的程序集)
所以，如 @mklement0在评论中指出，积极开发的 PowerShell(以前(以及以后，为了可读性)被称为“PowerShell Core”；与 Windows 附带的 Windows PowerShell 不同)似乎并不能很好地处理这个问题.
在查看 PS Core 无益地仅报告为“ The type initializer for 'VistaDialog' threw an exception. ”(并添加对 System.ComponentModel.Primitives 的引用)后，结果发现 PS Core 倾向于使用较新版本的 System.Windows.Forms , 在我的情况下 5.0.4.0 , 不包含类型 FileDialogNative ，更不用说它的嵌套类型 IFileDialog .
我试图强制它使用 Windows PS 引用的版本( 4.0.0.0 )，但它不遵守。
好吧，我终于放下了一分钱，让 PS Core 简单地使用默认对话框， 这已经是我最初追求的升级版 😂
因此，随着引入带有可选参数的构造函数方法的概念变化，我为失败的“Vista 对话框”添加了一个后备。
我没有检查 PS 的版本或单个程序集和/或类/类型，而是简单地将调用包装在 try 中。/ catch堵塞。

$path = $args[0]
$title = $args[1]
$message = $args[2]

$source = @'
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Windows.Forms;
/// <summary>
/// Present the Windows Vista-style open file dialog to select a folder. Fall back for older Windows Versions
/// </summary>
#pragma warning disable 0219, 0414, 0162
public class FolderSelectDialog {
    private string _initialDirectory;
    private string _title;
    private string _message;
    private string _fileName = "";
    
    public string InitialDirectory {
        get { return string.IsNullOrEmpty(_initialDirectory) ? Environment.CurrentDirectory : _initialDirectory; }
        set { _initialDirectory = value; }
    }
    public string Title {
        get { return _title ?? "Select a folder"; }
        set { _title = value; }
    }
    public string Message {
        get { return _message ?? _title ?? "Select a folder"; }
        set { _message = value; }
    }
    public string FileName { get { return _fileName; } }

    public FolderSelectDialog(string defaultPath="MyComputer", string title="Select a folder", string message=""){
        InitialDirectory = defaultPath;
        Title = title;
        Message = message;
    }
    
    public bool Show() { return Show(IntPtr.Zero); }

    /// <param name="hWndOwner">Handle of the control or window to be the parent of the file dialog</param>
    /// <returns>true if the user clicks OK</returns>
    public bool Show(IntPtr? hWndOwnerNullable=null) {
        IntPtr hWndOwner = IntPtr.Zero;
        if(hWndOwnerNullable!=null)
            hWndOwner = (IntPtr)hWndOwnerNullable;
        if(Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major >= 6){
            try{
                var resulta = VistaDialog.Show(hWndOwner, InitialDirectory, Title, Message);
                _fileName = resulta.FileName;
                return resulta.Result;
            }
            catch(Exception){
                var resultb = ShowXpDialog(hWndOwner, InitialDirectory, Title, Message);
                _fileName = resultb.FileName;
                return resultb.Result;
            }
        }
        var result = ShowXpDialog(hWndOwner, InitialDirectory, Title, Message);
        _fileName = result.FileName;
        return result.Result;
    }

    private struct ShowDialogResult {
        public bool Result { get; set; }
        public string FileName { get; set; }
    }

    private static ShowDialogResult ShowXpDialog(IntPtr ownerHandle, string initialDirectory, string title, string message) {
        var folderBrowserDialog = new FolderBrowserDialog {
            Description = message,
            SelectedPath = initialDirectory,
            ShowNewFolderButton = true
        };
        var dialogResult = new ShowDialogResult();
        if (folderBrowserDialog.ShowDialog(new WindowWrapper(ownerHandle)) == DialogResult.OK) {
            dialogResult.Result = true;
            dialogResult.FileName = folderBrowserDialog.SelectedPath;
        }
        return dialogResult;
    }

    private static class VistaDialog {
        private const string c_foldersFilter = "Folders|\n";
        
        private const BindingFlags c_flags = BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic;
        private readonly static Assembly s_windowsFormsAssembly = typeof(FileDialog).Assembly;
        private readonly static Type s_iFileDialogType = s_windowsFormsAssembly.GetType("System.Windows.Forms.FileDialogNative+IFileDialog");
        private readonly static MethodInfo s_createVistaDialogMethodInfo = typeof(OpenFileDialog).GetMethod("CreateVistaDialog", c_flags);
        private readonly static MethodInfo s_onBeforeVistaDialogMethodInfo = typeof(OpenFileDialog).GetMethod("OnBeforeVistaDialog", c_flags);
        private readonly static MethodInfo s_getOptionsMethodInfo = typeof(FileDialog).GetMethod("GetOptions", c_flags);
        private readonly static MethodInfo s_setOptionsMethodInfo = s_iFileDialogType.GetMethod("SetOptions", c_flags);
        private readonly static uint s_fosPickFoldersBitFlag = (uint) s_windowsFormsAssembly
            .GetType("System.Windows.Forms.FileDialogNative+FOS")
            .GetField("FOS_PICKFOLDERS")
            .GetValue(null);
        private readonly static ConstructorInfo s_vistaDialogEventsConstructorInfo = s_windowsFormsAssembly
            .GetType("System.Windows.Forms.FileDialog+VistaDialogEvents")
            .GetConstructor(c_flags, null, new[] { typeof(FileDialog) }, null);
        private readonly static MethodInfo s_adviseMethodInfo = s_iFileDialogType.GetMethod("Advise");
        private readonly static MethodInfo s_unAdviseMethodInfo = s_iFileDialogType.GetMethod("Unadvise");
        private readonly static MethodInfo s_showMethodInfo = s_iFileDialogType.GetMethod("Show");

        public static ShowDialogResult Show(IntPtr ownerHandle, string initialDirectory, string title, string description) {
            var openFileDialog = new OpenFileDialog {
                AddExtension = false,
                CheckFileExists = false,
                DereferenceLinks = true,
                Filter = c_foldersFilter,
                InitialDirectory = initialDirectory,
                Multiselect = false,
                Title = title
            };

            var iFileDialog = s_createVistaDialogMethodInfo.Invoke(openFileDialog, new object[] { });
            s_onBeforeVistaDialogMethodInfo.Invoke(openFileDialog, new[] { iFileDialog });
            s_setOptionsMethodInfo.Invoke(iFileDialog, new object[] { (uint) s_getOptionsMethodInfo.Invoke(openFileDialog, new object[] { }) | s_fosPickFoldersBitFlag });
            var adviseParametersWithOutputConnectionToken = new[] { s_vistaDialogEventsConstructorInfo.Invoke(new object[] { openFileDialog }), 0U };
            s_adviseMethodInfo.Invoke(iFileDialog, adviseParametersWithOutputConnectionToken);

            try {
                int retVal = (int) s_showMethodInfo.Invoke(iFileDialog, new object[] { ownerHandle });
                return new ShowDialogResult {
                    Result = retVal == 0,
                    FileName = openFileDialog.FileName
                };
            }
            finally {
                s_unAdviseMethodInfo.Invoke(iFileDialog, new[] { adviseParametersWithOutputConnectionToken[1] });
            }
        }
    }

    // Wrap an IWin32Window around an IntPtr
    private class WindowWrapper : IWin32Window {
        private readonly IntPtr _handle;
        public WindowWrapper(IntPtr handle) { _handle = handle; }
        public IntPtr Handle { get { return _handle; } }
    }
    
    public string getPath(){
        if (Show()){
            return FileName;
        }
        return "";
    }
}
'@
Add-Type -Language CSharp -TypeDefinition $source -ReferencedAssemblies ("System.Windows.Forms", "System.ComponentModel.Primitives")
([FolderSelectDialog]::new($path, $title, $message)).getPath()

这应该适用于 Windows PowerShell(最终版本 ~ 5.1 )和当前的 PS“核心”( pwsh.exe ~ 7.1.3 )