ruby-on-rails - 如何在没有 nokogiri "rails console"错误的情况下在 Mac 上运行 "cannot load such file -- nokogiri/nokogiri (LoadError)"？

Question

我正在尝试使用以下版本在 Mac OS Big Sur 上构建 Rails 应用程序......

$ rails --version
Rails 5.0.7.2

$ ruby --version
ruby 2.6.3p62 (2019-04-16 revision 67580) [universal.x86_64-darwin20]

运行“bundle clean --force”和“bundle install”后......

$ bundle install
Your Gemfile lists the gem jquery-rails (>= 0) more than once.
You should probably keep only one of them.
Remove any duplicate entries and specify the gem only once.
While it's not a problem now, it could cause errors if you change the version of one of them later.
Using rake 13.0.3
Using concurrent-ruby 1.1.8
Using i18n 1.8.10
Using minitest 5.14.4
Using thread_safe 0.3.6
Using tzinfo 1.2.9
Using activesupport 5.0.7.2
Using builder 3.2.4
Using erubis 2.7.0
Using racc 1.5.2
Using nokogiri 1.11.3 (arm64-darwin)
Using rails-dom-testing 2.0.3
Using crass 1.0.6
Using loofah 2.9.1
Using rails-html-sanitizer 1.3.0
Using actionview 5.0.7.2
Using rack 2.2.3
Using rack-test 0.6.3
Using actionpack 5.0.7.2
Using nio4r 2.5.7
Using websocket-extensions 0.1.5
Using websocket-driver 0.6.5
Using actioncable 5.0.7.2
Using globalid 0.4.2
Using activejob 5.0.7.2
Using mini_mime 1.1.0
Using mail 2.7.1
Using actionmailer 5.0.7.2
Using activemodel 5.0.7.2
Using arel 7.1.4
Using activerecord 5.0.7.2
Using bindex 0.8.1
Using bundler 2.2.16
Using byebug 11.1.3
Using coffee-script-source 1.12.2
Using execjs 2.7.0
Using coffee-script 2.4.1
Using method_source 1.0.0
Using thor 1.1.0
Using railties 5.0.7.2
Using coffee-rails 4.2.2
Using faraday-net_http 1.0.1
Using multipart-post 2.1.1
Using ruby2_keywords 0.0.4
Using faraday 1.3.0
Using ffi 1.15.0
Using hashie 4.1.0
Using jbuilder 2.11.2
Using jquery-rails 4.4.0
Using jquery-ui-rails 6.0.1
Using json 2.5.1
Using jwt 1.5.6
Using rb-fsevent 0.10.4
Using rb-inotify 0.10.1
Using listen 3.0.8
Using multi_json 1.15.0
Using multi_xml 0.6.0
Using oauth 0.5.6
Using oauth2 1.4.7
Using omniauth 1.9.1
Using omniauth-oauth2 1.3.1
Using omniauth-facebook 8.0.0
Using omniauth-google-oauth2 0.5.2
Using omniauth-linkedin-oauth2 1.0.0
Using omniauth-oauth 1.2.0
Using omniauth-twitter 1.4.0
Using pg 0.21.0
Using puma 3.12.6
Using pundit 2.1.0
Using sprockets 3.7.2
Using sprockets-rails 3.2.2
Using rails 5.0.7.2
Using rails-controller-testing 1.0.5
Using recaptcha 5.7.0
Using rmagick 4.2.2
Using ruby-filemagic 0.7.2
Using sass-listen 4.0.0
Using sass 3.7.4
Using tilt 2.0.10
Using sass-rails 5.0.7
Using spring 2.1.1
Using spring-watcher-listen 2.0.1
Using sqlite3 1.4.2
Using turbolinks-source 5.2.0
Using turbolinks 5.2.1
Using uglifier 4.2.0
Using web-console 3.7.0
Bundle complete! 28 Gemfile dependencies, 87 gems now installed.
Bundled gems are installed into `./vendor/bundle`

我试图启动我的 rails 控制台，但收到此错误

$ rails console
/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/nokogiri-1.11.3-arm64-darwin/lib/nokogiri/extension.rb:25:in `require': cannot load such file -- nokogiri/nokogiri (LoadError)
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/nokogiri-1.11.3-arm64-darwin/lib/nokogiri/extension.rb:25:in `rescue in <top (required)>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/nokogiri-1.11.3-arm64-darwin/lib/nokogiri/extension.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/nokogiri-1.11.3-arm64-darwin/lib/nokogiri.rb:11:in `require'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/nokogiri-1.11.3-arm64-darwin/lib/nokogiri.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/loofah-2.9.1/lib/loofah.rb:4:in `require'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/loofah-2.9.1/lib/loofah.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/rails-html-sanitizer-1.3.0/lib/rails-html-sanitizer.rb:2:in `require'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/rails-html-sanitizer-1.3.0/lib/rails-html-sanitizer.rb:2:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers/sanitize_helper.rb:2:in `require'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers/sanitize_helper.rb:2:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb:32:in `require'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb:32:in `<module:TextHelper>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb:29:in `<module:Helpers>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb:6:in `<module:ActionView>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb:18:in `require'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb:18:in `<module:FormTagHelper>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb:14:in `<module:Helpers>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb:8:in `<module:ActionView>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb:6:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb:4:in `require'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers.rb:50:in `require'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers.rb:50:in `<module:Helpers>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers.rb:4:in `<module:ActionView>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/actionview-5.0.7.2/lib/action_view/helpers.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/sprockets-rails-3.2.2/lib/sprockets/rails/context.rb:1:in `require'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/sprockets-rails-3.2.2/lib/sprockets/rails/context.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/sprockets-rails-3.2.2/lib/sprockets/railtie.rb:7:in `require'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/sprockets-rails-3.2.2/lib/sprockets/railtie.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/sass-rails-5.0.7/lib/sass/rails/railtie.rb:3:in `require'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/sass-rails-5.0.7/lib/sass/rails/railtie.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/sass-rails-5.0.7/lib/sass/rails.rb:11:in `require'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/sass-rails-5.0.7/lib/sass/rails.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/sass-rails-5.0.7/lib/sass-rails.rb:1:in `require'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/sass-rails-5.0.7/lib/sass-rails.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.2.16/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:66:in `require'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.2.16/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:66:in `block (2 levels) in require'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.2.16/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:61:in `each'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.2.16/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:61:in `block in require'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.2.16/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:50:in `each'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.2.16/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:50:in `require'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.2.16/lib/bundler.rb:173:in `require'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/config/application.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/application.rb:92:in `require'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/application.rb:92:in `preload'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/application.rb:157:in `serve'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/application.rb:145:in `block in run'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/application.rb:139:in `loop'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/application.rb:139:in `run'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/scale/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/application/boot.rb:19:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:85:in `require'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:85:in `require'
    from -e:1:in `<main>'

我应该使用其他版本的 Ruby 或 Nokogiri 来修复问题吗？我的 Gemfile 在下面

$ cat Gemfile
source 'https://rubygems.org'

git_source(:github) do |repo_name|
  repo_name = "#{repo_name}/#{repo_name}" unless repo_name.include?("/")
  "https://github.com/#{repo_name}.git"
end


# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
gem 'rails', '~> 5.0.6'
# Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record
gem 'sqlite3'
# Use Puma as the app server
gem 'puma', '~> 3.0'
# Use SCSS for stylesheets
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0'
# Use Uglifier as compressor for JavaScript assets
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'
# Use CoffeeScript for .coffee assets and views
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.2'
# See https://github.com/rails/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
# gem 'therubyracer', platforms: :ruby

# Use jquery as the JavaScript library
gem 'jquery-rails'
# Turbolinks makes navigating your web application faster. Read more: https://github.com/turbolinks/turbolinks
gem 'turbolinks', '~> 5'
# Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.5'
# Use Redis adapter to run Action Cable in production
# gem 'redis', '~> 3.0'
# Use ActiveModel has_secure_password
# gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7'

# Use Capistrano for deployment
# gem 'capistrano-rails', group: :development

group :development, :test do
  # Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console
  gem 'byebug', platform: :mri
end

group :development do
  # Access an IRB console on exception pages or by using <%= console %> anywhere in the code.
  gem 'web-console', '>= 3.3.0'
  gem 'listen', '~> 3.0.5'
  # Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring
  gem 'spring'
  gem 'spring-watcher-listen', '~> 2.0.0'
end

# Windows does not include zoneinfo files, so bundle the tzinfo-data gem
gem 'tzinfo-data', platforms: [:mingw, :mswin, :x64_mingw, :jruby]

gem 'pg', '0.21.0'
gem 'omniauth-oauth2', '~> 1.3.1'
gem 'omniauth-google-oauth2'
gem 'omniauth-facebook'
gem 'omniauth-twitter'
gem 'omniauth-linkedin-oauth2'
gem 'ruby-filemagic' 
gem 'rmagick'
gem 'jquery-rails'
gem 'jquery-ui-rails'
gem "recaptcha", require: "recaptcha/rails"
gem 'pundit'
gem 'rails-controller-testing'

Answer 1

来自您的 ruby -v ，我看到您使用的是 Intel x86 Mac，但是您尝试构建的 gem ( nokogiri-1.11.3-arm64-darwin ) 适用于新的 Mac ARM M1 芯片。如果这是原因，则意味着您正在使用预编译的 gem。
尝试卸载 gem，指定您不想使用预编译的 gem，然后重新安装。

gem uninstall nokogiri
bundle config set force_ruby_platform true
bundle install

结帐 this related docs