ruby-on-rails - Errno::ENOENT: 功能测试后没有这样的文件或目录@rb_file_s_mtime

Question

运行功能 Rspecs 时，我收到以下错误(此消息底部的完整跟踪)

彪马输出

Rack app error handling request { GET /rails/active_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--db9451afdc95b292aa6a77c40e00ab0ceb687766/image.png }
#<Errno::ENOENT: No such file or directory @ rb_file_s_mtime - /path/to/rails/app/tmp/storage/va/ri/variants/Gpu41CMPPeKLiMbfpzYYyCp5/110e017d16925dc7c50728c9c154a420079aa6e5fcc435db3e6e97b1380ecec8>
(followed by the full trace at the end of this message)

Rspec 输出

Failure/Error: last_modified = ::File.mtime(path).httpdate

Errno::ENOENT:
No such file or directory @ rb_file_s_mtime - /path/to/rails/app/tmp/storage/va/ri/variants/Gpu41CMPPeKLiMbfpzYYyCp5/110e017d16925dc7c50728c9c154a420079aa6e5fcc435db3e6e97b1380ecec8
(followed by the full trace at the end of this message)

语境
product.image是一个 ActiveStorage 附件。在测试期间，“products/_form”部分被渲染并显示带有以下代码的附件文件(即 png 图像): = image_tag url_for(product.image.variant(resize: "120x120")) .如果我注释掉这一行，错误就不会再发生了。

测试本身每次都成功，错误似乎是在测试后触发的。我验证了我所有的 after block ，它似乎发生在我的所有后 block 之后。

跟踪表明 ActiveStorage::DiskController.serve_file触发错误。是不是 ActiveStorage 应用程序没有正常关闭？

我正在使用 active_storage.service = :test配置，但 :file给出相同的错误。

图像损坏

虽然测试失败，但我可以在“远程控制”浏览器中看到图像没有显示，而是有一个损坏的图像图标。

运行测试

有一组 4 个特色测试正在渲染“products/_form”部分。当我以随机顺序运行 4 个测试时，错误随机发生。有时我可以看到错误 2 次，有时 3 次。

当我单独运行测试时，错误永远不会出现。

我如何附加图像

这是我在进行测试之前用来将文件附加到模型的助手:

path = Rails.root.join 'spec', 'support', 'fixtures', 'img1.png'
raise 'Image does not exist' unless File.exist? path

product.image.attach io: File.open(path), filename: 'image.png'

我也尝试使用这个助手:

path = Rails.root.join 'spec', 'support', 'fixtures', 'img1.png'
raise 'Image does not exist' unless File.exist? path

blob =  ActiveStorage::Blob.create_after_upload! io: path.open, \
  filename: 'img1.png', content_type: 'image/png'
product.images.attach blob

而这个助手:

path = Rails.root.join 'spec', 'support', 'fixtures', 'img1.png'
raise 'Image does not exist' unless File.exist? path

byte_size = path.size
checksum = Digest::MD5.file(path).base64digest

blob = ActiveStorage::Blob.create_before_direct_upload!(filename: 'img1.png', \
   byte_size: byte_size, checksum: checksum, content_type: 'image/png').tap do |blob|
  ActiveStorage::Blob.service.upload(blob.key, path.open)
end

product.images.attach blob

系统配置

rails 版本 : 5.2.2

ruby 版 : ruby​​ 2.5.3p105 (2018-10-18 修订版 65156) [x86_64-linux]

rbenv 版本 :rbenv 1.1.1-39-g59785f6

Rspec 相关版本 :rspec 3.8.0 - capybara 3.12.0 - selenium-webdriver 3.141.0

完整跟踪

     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.6/lib/rack/file.rb:63:in `mtime'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.6/lib/rack/file.rb:63:in `serving'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activestorage-5.2.2/app/controllers/active_storage/disk_controller.rb:42:in `serve_file'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activestorage-5.2.2/app/controllers/active_storage/disk_controller.rb:12:in `show'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_controller/metal/basic_implicit_render.rb:6:in `send_action'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:194:in `process_action'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:30:in `process_action'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:42:in `block in process_action'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.2/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:132:in `run_callbacks'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:41:in `process_action'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb:22:in `process_action'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:34:in `block in process_action'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.2/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:168:in `block in instrument'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.2/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:23:in `instrument'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.2/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:168:in `instrument'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:32:in `process_action'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb:256:in `process_action'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activerecord-5.2.2/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb:24:in `process_action'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:134:in `process'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionview-5.2.2/lib/action_view/rendering.rb:32:in `process'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_controller/metal.rb:191:in `dispatch'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_controller/metal.rb:252:in `dispatch'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:52:in `dispatch'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:34:in `serve'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:52:in `block in serve'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:35:in `each'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:35:in `serve'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:840:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.6/lib/rack/tempfile_reaper.rb:15:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.6/lib/rack/etag.rb:25:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.6/lib/rack/conditional_get.rb:25:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.6/lib/rack/head.rb:12:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_dispatch/http/content_security_policy.rb:18:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.6/lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:232:in `context'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.6/lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:226:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb:670:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:28:in `block in call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.2/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:98:in `run_callbacks'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:26:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:61:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:33:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.2/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:38:in `call_app'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.2/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:26:in `block in call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.2/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:71:in `block in tagged'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.2/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:28:in `tagged'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.2/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:71:in `tagged'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.2/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:26:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb:81:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:27:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.6/lib/rack/method_override.rb:22:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.6/lib/rack/runtime.rb:22:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/activesupport-5.2.2/lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache_middleware.rb:29:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/executor.rb:14:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.2/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:127:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.6/lib/rack/sendfile.rb:111:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/railties-5.2.2/lib/rails/engine.rb:524:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.6/lib/rack/urlmap.rb:68:in `block in call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.6/lib/rack/urlmap.rb:53:in `each'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/rack-2.0.6/lib/rack/urlmap.rb:53:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/capybara-3.12.0/lib/capybara/server/middleware.rb:48:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/puma-3.12.0/lib/puma/configuration.rb:225:in `call'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/puma-3.12.0/lib/puma/server.rb:658:in `handle_request'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/puma-3.12.0/lib/puma/server.rb:472:in `process_client'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/puma-3.12.0/lib/puma/server.rb:332:in `block in run'
     # /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/puma-3.12.0/lib/puma/thread_pool.rb:133:in `block in spawn_thread'
     # 
     #   Showing full backtrace because every line was filtered out.
     #   See docs for RSpec::Configuration#backtrace_exclusion_patterns and
     #   RSpec::Configuration#backtrace_inclusion_patterns for more information.
     # ------------------
     # --- Caused by: ---
     # Capybara::CapybaraError:
     #   Your application server raised an error - It has been raised in your test code because Capybara.raise_server_errors == true
     #   /opt/rbenv/versions/2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/capybara-3.12.0/lib/capybara/session.rb:147:in `raise_server_error!'

更新

(对不起，我有急事要处理)

这是一个有趣的信息。我在 this line 之后插入，此代码: puts "SERVING #{path} - Exist ? #{File.exist? path}"
这是输出(观察每行末尾的文件名和 bool 值):

SERVING /tmp/active_storage_tests20190129-10797-1rebdf7/Me/GK/MeGKkqgbb7Sg4RbPoCYWR6pZ - Exist ? true
SERVING /tmp/active_storage_tests20190129-10797-1rebdf7/sG/3v/sG3vd2viGWmaf69pNXSChZPa - Exist ? true
SERVING /tmp/active_storage_tests20190129-10797-1rebdf7/fy/2C/fy2C8PpaR96YgCzwt5WVBLrQ - Exist ? true
SERVING /tmp/active_storage_tests20190129-10797-1rebdf7/sG/3v/sG3vd2viGWmaf69pNXSChZPa - Exist ? true
. (green dot)
SERVING /tmp/active_storage_tests20190129-10797-1rebdf7/Me/GK/MeGKkqgbb7Sg4RbPoCYWR6pZ - Exist ? false
SERVING /tmp/active_storage_tests20190129-10797-1rebdf7/sG/3v/sG3vd2viGWmaf69pNXSChZPa - Exist ? false
SERVING /tmp/active_storage_tests20190129-10797-1rebdf7/Me/GK/MeGKkqgbb7Sg4RbPoCYWR6pZ - Exist ? false
SERVING /tmp/active_storage_tests20190129-10797-1rebdf7/fy/2C/fy2C8PpaR96YgCzwt5WVBLrQ - Exist ? false
F (red F)
SERVING /tmp/active_storage_tests20190129-10797-1rebdf7/Me/GK/MeGKkqgbb7Sg4RbPoCYWR6pZ - Exist ? false
SERVING /tmp/active_storage_tests20190129-10797-1rebdf7/sG/3v/sG3vd2viGWmaf69pNXSChZPa - Exist ? false
SERVING /tmp/active_storage_tests20190129-10797-1rebdf7/Me/GK/MeGKkqgbb7Sg4RbPoCYWR6pZ - Exist ? false
SERVING /tmp/active_storage_tests20190129-10797-1rebdf7/fy/2C/fy2C8PpaR96YgCzwt5WVBLrQ - Exist ? false
F (red F)
SERVING /tmp/active_storage_tests20190129-10797-1rebdf7/Tx/DL/TxDLPEk3ykf8ETkURY5YZPgY - Exist ? true

我们可以看到文件路径是相同的，即使在测试之间也是如此。在每次测试之间清理数据库。因此，文件校验和保存在“某处”，以便 activestorage 重用相同的 blob 记录。结果它重用了相同的文件路径，这就是我有 FileNotFound 错误的原因。

任何的想法 ？请注意，除了 DatabaseCleaner 之外，我还有一个如下定义的 after block :

config.after(:each) do
  ActiveStorage::Current.reset
  ActiveStorage::Attachment.all.each(&:delete)
  ActiveStorage::Blob.all.each(&:delete)
end

我怀疑一个错误

向 PR 填写了复制 https://github.com/rails/rails/issues/34989 的应用程序

等待他们的回应

Answer 1

测试通过的事实仅仅意味着测试不依赖于找到的图像。损坏的图像链接通常不会导致测试失败，实际上测试编写者通常甚至不费心提供模拟图像，因为它(被认为是)太多工作并且与被测试的事物无关.

看看伙计们，这就是为什么我们 ask for an example .现在 OP 有 posted an example ，我们可以看到他的问题是浏览器缓存，通过替换来解决

product.images.attach io: File.open(path), filename: 'image.png'

和

product.images.attach io: File.open(path), filename: "image-#{Time.now.strftime("%s%L")}.png"

在执行附件的助手中。如果没有这个例子，我就不会解决这个问题。

解释

ActiveStorage 处理保存和提供文件。 OP 用它来保存和提供图像，这绝对是它的目的。为了允许不同的服务以不同的方式提供文件，ActiveStorage 将发布的 URL 与实际的图像服务 URL 分开。

发布的 URL 几乎是一个永久链接:它是附件数据库 key 的编码版本。 ActiveStorage 通过查找文件的存储位置并发送 302 临时重定向到可用于访问文件的 URL(称为“服务 URL”)来处理对 URL 的请求。当使用 AWS S3 存储文件时，服务 URL 可以是一个签名的 URL，它很快就会过期，但仍然可以将浏览器直接连接到 S3，而不必通过 Web 服务器作为中介。

默认情况下，服务 URL 5 分钟有效，ActiveRecord 显式设置

Cache-Control: max-age=300, private

关于 302 重定向。浏览器缓存此重定向响应，在接下来的 5 分钟内，浏览器甚至不会尝试使用或验证已发布的 URL，它会立即将公共(public) URL 替换为缓存的服务 URL。

不幸的是，虽然公共(public) URL 可以预见地重新创建，但服务 URL 是随机生成的，因此当浏览器进行自动重定向时，之前有效的服务 URL 不再有效。解决方案(或解决方法，取决于您的观点)是通过在文件名中包含时间戳来区分公共(public) URL，以便测试不会重用公共(public) URL。

旁注

顺便说一句，你不应该使用 url_for与 image_tag .将您的 ERB 从

= image_tag url_for(product.image.variant(resize: "120x120"))

到

= image_tag(product.image.variant(resize: "120x120"))

Rails 足够聪明，可以处理这两种情况，但推荐使用后一种方法。