r - 如何将图例高度设置为与绘图区域的高度相同？

Question

我安排了两个图:顶部的折线图和下方的热图。

我希望热图图例与热图的绘图区域具有相同的高度，即与 y 轴的长度相同。我知道我可以使用 theme(legend.key.height = unit(...)) 更改图例的高度和大小，但是在我找到合适的设置之前，这需要多次尝试和错误。

有没有办法指定图例的高度，使其与热图的绘图区域的高度完全相同，并且在绘制为 pdf 时会保留该比例？

我尝试过的代码的可重现示例:

#Create some test data
pp <- function (n, r = 4) {
  x <- seq(1:100)
  df <- expand.grid(x = x, y = 1:10)
  df$z <- df$x*df$y
  df
}
testD <- pp(20)
#Define groups
colbreaks <- seq(min(testD[ , 3]), max(testD[ , 3] + 1), length = 5)
library(Hmisc)
testD$group <- cut2(testD[ , 3], cuts = c(colbreaks))
detach(package:Hmisc, unload = TRUE)

#Create data for the top plot
testD_agg <- aggregate(.~ x, data=testD[ , c(1, 3)], FUN = sum)

#Bottom plot (heatmap)
library(ggplot2)
library(gtable)

p <- ggplot(testD, aes(x = x, y = y)) +
  geom_tile(aes(fill = group)) +
  scale_fill_manual(values = c("red", "orange", "yellow", "lightgreen")) +
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(0, 100), ylim = c(0.5, 10.5)) +

  theme_bw() +
  theme(legend.position = "right",
        legend.key = element_blank(),
        legend.text = element_text(colour = "black", size = 12),
        legend.title = element_blank(),
        axis.text.x = element_text(size = 12, angle = 45, vjust = +0.5),
        axis.text.y = element_text(size = 12),
        axis.title = element_text(size = 14),
        panel.grid.major = element_blank(),
        panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
        plot.margin = unit(c(0, 0, 0, 0), "line"))

#Top plot (line)
p2 <- ggplot(testD_agg, aes(x = x, y = z)) +
  geom_line() +
  xlab(NULL) +
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(0, 100), ylim = c(0, max(testD_agg$z))) +

  theme_bw() +
  theme(legend.position = "none",
        legend.key = element_blank(),
        legend.text = element_text(colour = "black", size = 12),
        legend.title = element_text(size = 12, face = "plain"),
        axis.text.x = element_blank(),
        axis.text.y = element_text(size = 12),
        axis.title = element_text(size = 14),
        axis.ticks.x = element_blank(),
        panel.grid.major = element_blank(),
        panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
        plot.margin = unit(c(0.5, 0.5, 0, 0), "line"))

#Create gtables
gp <- ggplotGrob(p) 
gp2 <- ggplotGrob(p2)

#Add space to the right of the top plot with width equal to the legend of the bottomplot 
legend.width <- gp$widths[7:8] #obtain the width of the legend in pff2
gp2 <- gtable_add_cols(gp2, legend.width, 4) #add a colum to pff with with legend.with
#combine the plots
cg <- rbind(gp2, gp, size = "last")
#set the ratio of the plots
panels <- cg$layout$t[grep("panel", cg$layout$name)]
cg$heights[panels] <- unit(c(2,3), "null")
#remove white spacing between plots
cg <- gtable_add_rows(cg, unit(0, "npc"), pos = nrow(gp))

pdf("test.pdf", width = 8, height = 7)
print(grid.draw(cg))
dev.off()

#The following did not help solve my problem but I think I got close
old.height <- cg$grobs[[16]]$heights[2]
#It seems the height of the legend is given in "mm", change to "npc"?
gp$grobs[[8]]$grobs[[1]]$heights <- c(rep(unit(0, "npc"), 3), rep(unit(1/4, "npc"), 4), rep(unit(0, "mm"),1))
#this does allow for adjustment of the heights but not the exact control I need.

我的实际数据有更多类别，但要点是相同的。
Here是用上面的代码生成的图像，并用我想做的事情进行了注释。

提前致谢!
马丁

Answer 1

似乎有两组高度需要调整:图例键的高度和图例的整体高度。从您的 cg 取件grob，我提取图例，对高度进行调整，然后将图例 grob 插入回布局中。

leg = gtable_filter(cg, "guide-box")

library(grid)

# Legend keys
leg[[1]][[1]][[1]][[1]]$heights = unit.c(rep(unit(0, "mm"), 3),
                                         rep(unit(1/4, "npc"), 4),
                                         unit(0, "mm"))

# Legend
leg[[1]][[1]]$heights[[3]] = sum(rep(unit(0, "mm"), 3),
                                 rep(unit(1/4, "npc"), 4),
                                 unit(0, "mm"))

# grid.draw(leg)  # Check that heights are correct

cg.new = gtable_add_grob(cg, leg, t = 17, l = 8)

grid.newpage()
grid.draw(cg.new)