r - 组合包含 NA 的 data.table 列

Question

我在数据表中有一组五列。

dt <- data.table(
  city = c(rep(1,2), rep(2,2), rep(3,2), rep(4,2)),
  neighborhoods.1 = c(NA, "a", "b", "c", NA, NA, "d", "e"),
  neighborhoods.2 = c(NA, "f", "g", rep(NA,5)),
  neighborhoods.3 = c(NA, "h", rep(NA, 6)),
  irrelevantdata = c(1:8)
)

   city neighborhoods.1 neighborhoods.2 neighborhoods.3 irrelevantdata
1:    1              NA              NA              NA              1
2:    1               a               f               h              2
3:    2               b               g              NA              3
4:    2               c              NA              NA              4
5:    3              NA              NA              NA              5
6:    3              NA              NA              NA              6
7:    4               d              NA              NA              7
8:    4               e              NA              NA              8

我想将前四列合并为一列。

   neighborhood
1:    1
2:    1-a-f-h
3:    2-b-g
4:    2-c
5:    3
6:    3
7:    4-d
8:    4-e

如您所见，我正在删除 NA记录并用 - 分隔.

这个我试过了，处理上有明显问题 j :

business[
    , 
    neighborhood = paste0(
      city,
      if(!is.na(neighborhoods.1)) paste0("-", neighborhoods.1),
      if(!is.na(neighborhoods.2)) paste0("-", neighborhoods.2),
      if(!is.na(neighborhoods.3)) paste0("-", neighborhoods.3),       
      ""
    )
]

我怎样才能做到这一点？

更新以反射(reflect)我不想合并的其他列。

Answer 1

一种选择是 paste使用 do.call 将行中的元素放在一起，然后删除 NA元素以及额外的 -在输出向量中。

dt[,.(neighborhood = gsub('-NA|NA-', '', 
   do.call(paste, c(.SD, sep='-')))), .SDcols= city:neighborhoods.3]

或者另一个选项是按行顺序分组， unlist Data.table 的子集 ( .SD )，删除 NA 元素 ( na.omit )， paste元素在一起。我们可以在 .SDcols 中指定要用于此操作的列.

dt[, .(neighbourhood = paste(na.omit(unlist(.SD)),collapse='-')) , 
              by=1:nrow(dt), .SDcols= city:neighborhoods.3]

或者@Frank 建议的另一个选项是 melt数据集的子集(由所需的列指定)到长格式，然后 paste

 mycols <- setdiff(names(dt), 'irrelevantdata')
 na.omit(melt(dt[, ..mycols][, r := .I], 
      id.var="r"))[, paste(value, collapse="-"), by=r]