django - 用于 django 项目的 uWSGI + nginx，使用 string uwsgi 时出错

Question

我尝试在 nginx+uwsgi、os - debian (3.1.0-1-amd64 x86_64) 上为 django 建立网络服务器
nginx 1.1.8-1，uwsgi 0.9.8.3-1
配置:

<uwsgi>
<socket>/tmp/uwsgi.sock</socket>
<process>1</process>
<master/>
<enable-threads/>
<uid>33</uid>
<gid>33</gid>
<pidfile>/tmp/uwsgi.pid</pidfile>
</uwsgi>

在文件/etc/uwsgi/apps-enabled/webapp.xml
nginx配置

location / {
        uwsgi_pass unix:///tmp/uwsgi.sock;
        include uwsgi_params;
        uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT webapp;
        uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR  /data/web/webapp/webapp;
    }

/data/web/webapp/webapp/中的所有项目，这里是setting.py，urls等。
在/data/web/webapp/webapp/webapp.py

import sys, os
import django.core.handlers.wsgi
sys.path.insert(0, '/data/web/webapp/webapp')
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'settings'
application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

uid 和 gid 33 它是 www-data 用户
尝试运行 uwsgi 作为

root#uwsgi -s /var/run/uwsgi.sock -x /etc/uwsgi/apps-enabled/webapp.xml

[uWSGI] parsing config file /etc/uwsgi/apps-enabled/webapp.xml
*** Starting uWSGI 0.9.8.3-debian (64bit) on [Wed Dec 14 21:42:02 2011] ***
compiled with version: 4.6.1 on 27 July 2011 18:25:51
writing pidfile to /tmp/uwsgi.pid
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
setgid() to 33
setuid() to 33
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
unlink(): Permission denied [socket.c line 38]
bind(): Address already in use [socket.c line 70]

他们想要怎样的许可？还有什么问题..
如果我在 root 错误消失时运行 uwsgi，我看到了

 *** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
uwsgi socket 0 bound to UNIX address /var/run/uwsgi.sock fd 3
uwsgi socket 1 bound to UNIX address /tmp/uwsgi.sock fd 4
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
*** Operational MODE: single process ***
*** no app loaded. going in full dynamic mode ***
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
spawned uWSGI master process (pid: 20732)
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 20733, cores: 1)

但是当我尝试访问服务器时，ngix 返回 502 错误页面。还有更多:nginx日志中的权限错误:

 2011/12/14 21:57:17 [crit] 20739#0: *1 connect() to unix:///tmp/uwsgi.sock failed (13: Permission denied) while connecting to upstream, client: 10.10.3.111, server: ******, request: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1", upstream: "uwsgi://unix:///tmp/uwsgi.sock:", host: "****.****.**"

如果在运行时将/tmp/uwsgi.sock 的所有者更改为 nginix 用户(www-data)，他会写其他日志

[error] 20739#0: *21 upstream prematurely closed connection while reading response header from upstream,

但仍然错误 502 (

如何解决这个问题？有人可以帮助我..
真的很想用 nginx+uwsgi 代替 apache。
谢谢

但是，解决方案就在附近:)
我现在越来越多地使用 tcp socket，更改 uwsgi 配置并安装了更多包。
是一个重要的选项--autoload。
现在 uwsgi 有这样的配置:

<uwsgi>
<module>webapp</module>
<socket>127.0.0.1:5080</socket>
<pythonpath>/data/web/webapp/webapp</pythonpath>
<autoload/>
<daemonize>/var/log/uwsgi_webapp.log</daemonize>
<processes>1</processes>
<uid>33</uid>
<gid>33</gid>
<enable-threads/>
<master/>
<harakiri>120</harakiri>
<max-requests>5000</max-requests>
</uwsgi>

剩下来解决其他问题..
uwsgi 使用非主系统python版本>_<

option "pythonpath" found in plugin python26_plugin.so
*** Starting uWSGI 0.9.8.3-debian (64bit) on [Thu Dec 15 22:52:23 2011] ***
compiled with version: 4.6.1 on 27 July 2011 18:25:51
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
setgid() to 33
setuid() to 33
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
 *** WARNING: you have enabled harakiri without post buffering. Slow upload could be rejected on post-unbuffered webservers *** 
uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 127.0.0.1:5080 fd 4
Python version: 2.6.7 (r267:88850, Aug  3 2011, 12:02:14)  [GCC 4.6.1]
Python main interpreter initialized at 0xc47df0
threads support enabled
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
*** Operational MODE: single process ***
added /data/web/webapp/webapp/ to pythonpath.
WSGI application 0 (SCRIPT_NAME=) ready on interpreter 0xc47df0 pid: 22983 (default app)
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
spawned uWSGI master process (pid: 22983)
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 22984, cores: 1)

他使用python 2.6.7，但主系统版本是2.7.2，并且为此安装了所有python模块，因此日志中有很多错误-重复尝试导入不存在，这是许多典型错误之一:

  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 78, in <module>
    connection = connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS]
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 93, in __getitem__
    backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 51, in load_backend
    raise ImproperlyConfigured(error_msg)
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: 'django_mongodb_engine' isn't an available database backend. 
Try using django.db.backends.XXX, where XXX is one of:
    'dummy', 'mysql', 'oracle', 'postgresql', 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'sqlite3'
Error was: No module named django_mongodb_engine.base

所以..如何为uwsgi设置python版本？

Answer 1

unix 套接字必须遵守文件权限方案。所以/var/run 必须是 www-data 可写的，而 nginx 必须能够读/写/var/run/uwsgi.sock

如果你对这类东西不熟悉，你应该使用 tcp sockets(选择一个端口就可以了)