python - SessionNotCreatedException : Message: Expected browser binary location, 但无法在默认位置找到二进制文件，没有 'moz:firefoxOptions.binary'

Question

当我尝试在 Selenium 中创建 Firefox 实例时，出现以下错误:

Message: Expected browser binary location, but unable to find binary in default location, no 'moz:firefoxOptions.binary' capability provided, and no binary flag set on the command line 

我在 Ubuntu 20.04 上运行
任何建议，将不胜感激 。

browser = webdriver.Firefox()

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "key.py", line 10, in <module>
    browser = webdriver.Firefox()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 170, in __init__
    RemoteWebDriver.__init__(
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 157, in __init__
    self.start_session(capabilities, browser_profile)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 252, in start_session
    response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 321, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: Expected browser binary location, but unable to find binary in default location, no 'moz:firefoxOptions.binary' capability provided, and no binary flag set on the command line

Answer 1

这个错误信息...

selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: Expected browser binary location, but unable to find binary in default location, no 'moz:firefoxOptions.binary' capability provided, and no binary flag set on the command line

...暗示 GeckoDriver在尝试启动/生成新的浏览上下文(即 Firefox 浏览器 session )时无法找到 Firefox 二进制文件。

原因
此错误的可能原因可能是以下任一原因:

您的系统中未安装 Firefox。

Firefox 未安装在您系统中的默认位置。

解决方案
可能的解决方案是:

如果您的系统中没有安装 Firefox，您需要在执行测试之前安装它。

如果 Firefox 安装在自定义位置，则需要通过 Options() 传递 Firefox 二进制文件的绝对路径，如下所示。实例:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options

options = Options()
options.binary_location = r"C:/location/to/Firefox/Binary/firefox.exe"
driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=options, executable_path="C:/location/to/geckodriver.exe")
driver.get('http://google.com/')

引用
您可以在以下位置找到一些相关的详细讨论:

InvalidArgumentException: Message: binary is not a Firefox executable error using GeckoDriver Firefox Selenium and Python

Expected browser binary location, but unable to find binary in default location, no 'moz:firefoxOptions.binary' capability provided

Expected browser binary location, but unable to find binary in default location, no 'moz:firefoxOptions.binary' capability provided using GeckoDriver