r - 如何使用radial.plot/ggplot2创建显示每月存在或不存在的圆形图

Question

我想在 ggplot2 中创建一个图形(类似于附件)这是一个圆形，在轴上表示一年中的月份，因此圆周上有十二个刻度线，一个特定颜色的内弧对应于月份，其中pa = 1(其他选项为 pa = 0)和另一个内弧(第一个弧外)对应于 sampled = 1(另一个选项是 sampled = 0)。数据如下所示:

 m
   season pa month sampled occupancy
1  spring  1     3       1   present
2  spring  1     4       1   present
3  spring  1     5       1   present
4  summer  1     6       1   present
5  summer  1     7       1   present
6  summer  1     8       1   present
7  winter  0    12       1    absent
8  winter  0     1       0    absent
9  winter  0     2       0    absent
10   fall  1     9       1   present
11   fall  1    10       1   present
12   fall  1    11       1   present

我以前用过 ggplot(m, aes(season, fill=season))与 geom_bar(width=1)和 coord_polar()但这只是给了我一个饼图。

现在尝试:

radial.plot(m, radial.pos=c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12), labels="", rp.type="r",
            line.col=8, lwd=3, add=TRUE)

并得到错误

plot.new has not been called yet

我想我误解了什么输入 radial.plot需要并可能对我想要的输出使用错误的函数。

Answer 1

以下是 ggplot2 中的两种不同方法将提供的数据转换为极坐标图。这两种方法的不同之处在于 month被治疗。

读取数据

library(data.table)
m <- fread("id   season pa month sampled occupancy
           1  spring  1     3       1   present
           2  spring  1     4       1   present
           3  spring  1     5       1   present
           4  summer  1     6       1   present
           5  summer  1     7       1   present
           6  summer  1     8       1   present
           7  winter  0    12       1    absent
           8  winter  0     1       0    absent
           9  winter  0     2       0    absent
           10   fall  1     9       1   present
           11   fall  1    10       1   present
           12   fall  1    11       1   present")

准备数据

# reshape from wide to long (as preferred by ggplot)
ml <- melt(m, measure.vars = c("pa", "sampled"))
# create factors to ensure desired order
ml[, variable := factor(variable, levels = c("pa", "sampled"))]

变体 1:月份作为因素

ml[, fct_month := factor(month, levels = 1:12, labels = month.abb)]
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(ml[value != 0], aes(x = fct_month, y = variable, 
                           group = variable, colour = variable)) + 
  geom_line(size = 5) +
  scale_y_discrete(expand = c(0, 1), breaks = NULL) +
  xlim(month.abb) + 
  coord_polar() +
  theme_bw() + xlab(NULL) + ylab(NULL)

变体 2:月份作为期间(带有开始和结束日期)

ml[, start := as.Date("2016-01-01") + base::months(month - 1L)]
# last day of month = begin of next month - 1 day
ml[, end := as.Date("2016-01-01") + base::months(month) - 1L]
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(ml, aes(x = start, xend = end, y = variable, yend = variable,
               group = variable, colour = variable,
               size = value)) + 
  geom_segment() +
  scale_y_discrete(expand = c(0, 1), breaks = NULL) +
  scale_x_date(date_breaks = "1 month", date_labels = month.abb,
               limits = range(c(ml$start, ml$end))) +
  scale_size(guide = FALSE) +
  coord_polar() +
  theme_bw() + xlab(NULL) + ylab(NULL)

变体 3:彩色背景

为响应评论中的请求，该变体为每个变量单独着色背景，而环段保持为黑色。因此，如果我们添加第三个变量，它将获得自己的彩色背景环。

ml[, start_year := as.Date("2016-01-01")]
# last day of month = begin of next month - 1 day
ml[, end_year := as.Date("2016-12-31")]
ml[, start := start_year + base::months(month - 1L)]
ml[, end := start_year + base::months(month) - 1L]

library(ggplot2)
bg_height <- 1.0
ggplot(ml) + 
  geom_rect(aes(xmin = start_year, xmax = end_year, 
                ymin = as.integer(variable) - 0.5 * bg_height, 
                ymax = as.integer(variable) + 0.5 * bg_height,
                group = variable, fill = variable)
            ) + 
  geom_segment(aes(x = start, xend = end, y = variable, yend = variable,
                   group = variable, size = value),
               colour = "gray20") +
  scale_y_discrete(expand = c(0, 1), breaks = NULL) +
  scale_x_date(date_breaks = "1 month", date_labels = month.abb,
               limits = range(c(ml$start, ml$end))) +
  scale_size(guide = FALSE) +
  scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Blues") +
  coord_polar() +
  theme_bw() + xlab(NULL) + ylab(NULL)