r - 错误: installation of package ‘rgl’ had non-zero exit status

Question

我想使用3D图，所以我试图下载rgl，但是每当我尝试安装它时，在rgl软件包安装中都会出现此错误。所以，你能建议我一些事情吗？

install.packages("rgl", dependencies=TRUE)
     Installing package into ‘/root/R/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-library/3.2’
     (as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
     --- Please select a CRAN mirror for use in this session ---
trying URL 'http://cran.skazkaforyou.com/src/contrib/rgl_0.95.1247.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 2014799 bytes (1.9 MB)
==================================================
downloaded 1.9 MB

* installing *source* package ‘rgl’ ...
** package ‘rgl’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
checking for gcc... gcc -std=gnu99
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables... 
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc -std=gnu99 accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc -std=gnu99 option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -std=gnu99 -E
checking for gcc... (cached) gcc -std=gnu99
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... (cached) yes
checking whether gcc -std=gnu99 accepts -g... (cached) yes
checking for gcc -std=gnu99 option to accept ISO C89... (cached) none needed
checking whether __attribute__((visibility())) is supported... yes
checking whether gcc -std=gnu99 accepts -fvisibility... yes
checking whether  accepts -fvisibility... no
checking for libpng-config... yes
configure: using libpng-config
configure: using libpng dynamic linkage
checking for X... libraries , headers 
checking GL/gl.h usability... no
checking GL/gl.h presence... no
checking for GL/gl.h... no
checking GL/glu.h usability... no
checking GL/glu.h presence... no
checking for GL/glu.h... no
configure: error: missing required header GL/gl.h
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘rgl’
* removing ‘/root/R/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-library/3.2/rgl’

The downloaded source packages are in
‘/tmp/RtmpP1KuPN/downloaded_packages’
Warning message:
In install.packages("rgl", dependencies = TRUE) :
      installation of package ‘rgl’ had non-zero exit status

Answer 1

rgl的安装需要预先安装一些系统库。软件包rgl的index page提供了一些重要信息:

SystemRequirements: OpenGL, GLU Library, zlib (optional), libpng (>=1.2.9, optional), FreeType (optional)

一旦知道 OpenGL和 GLU Library是必填项，我们就必须检查系统中是否已经存在它们。一种方法是读取 rgl的安装日志。
如果出现以下几行:

checking GL/gl.h usability... no
checking GL/gl.h presence... no
checking for GL/gl.h... no
checking GL/glu.h usability... no
checking GL/glu.h presence... no
checking for GL/glu.h... no
configure: error: missing required header GL/gl.h

这意味着 GLU Library丢失，必须安装。
例如，在Ubuntu上，我们可以运行:

sudo apt-get install libglu1-mesa-dev

在RedHat中，它将是:

yum install Mesa-devel

这将安装 GLU Library的标题。然后我们可以再次运行:

install.packages("rgl", dependencies = TRUE)