python - Pygame 墙壁 Sprite 碰撞

Question

我正在制作一个 roguelike 游戏，但在编码方面我是初学者。我已经让我的角色移动了，我的墙壁和地板 Sprite ，但我的代码中有一些错误，允许角色穿过墙壁。

我用了 block_path在地板和墙砖之间进行选择，然后我尝试使用它来识别墙，但它并没有真正起作用。

接下来，你可以看到我的代码:

screenWidth = 800
screenHeight = 600
mapHeight = 30
mapWidth = 30
cellWidth = 32
cellHeight = 32

screen = pygame.display.set_mode((screenWidth, screenHeight))
walkRight = [pygame.image.load('model/r1.png'), pygame.image.load('model/r2.png'), pygame.image.load('model/r3.png'), pygame.image.load('model/r4.png'), pygame.image.load('model/r5.png'), pygame.image.load('model/r6.png')]
walkLeft = [pygame.image.load('model/l1.png'), pygame.image.load('model/l2.png'), pygame.image.load('model/l3.png'), pygame.image.load('model/l4.png'), pygame.image.load('model/l5.png'), pygame.image.load('model/l6.png')]
walkUp = [pygame.image.load('model/u1.png'), pygame.image.load('model/u2.png'), pygame.image.load('model/u3.png'), pygame.image.load('model/u4.png'), pygame.image.load('model/u5.png'), pygame.image.load('model/u6.png')]
Floor = pygame.image.load("map/floor.jpg")
wallRight = pygame.image.load("map/rightwall.png")

`

class struc_Tile():
    def __init__(self,block_path):
        self.block_path = block_path`

class player(object):
    def __init__(self,x,y,width,height):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.vel = 5
        self.left = False
        self.right = False
        self.up = False
        self.down = False
        self.walkCount = 0


    def draw(self,screen):
        if self.walkCount + 1 >= 18:
            self.walkCount = 0

        elif self.left:
            screen.blit(walkLeft[self.walkCount//3], (self.x,self.y))
            self.walkCount += 1
        elif self.right:
            screen.blit(walkRight[self.walkCount//3], (self.x,self.y))
            self.walkCount += 1
        elif self.up:
            screen.blit(walkUp[self.walkCount//3], (self.x,self.y))
            self.walkCount += 1
        elif self.down:
            screen.blit(walkDown[self.walkCount//3], (self.x,self.y))
            self.walkCount += 1
        else:
            screen.blit(Standing[self.walkCount//3], (self.x,self.y))
            self.walkCount = 0

    def move(self,dx,dy):
        if gamemap[self.x + dx][self.y + dy].block_path == False:
            self.x += dx
            self.y += dy

def createmap():
    newmap = [[struc_Tile(False) for y in range(0,mapHeight)] for x in range (0,mapWidth) ]
    newmap[10][10].block_path = True
    newmap[10][15].block_path = True

    return newmap
        def drawmap(maptodraw):

    for x in range(0,mapWidth):
        for y in range(0,mapHeight):
            if maptodraw[x][y].block_path == True:
                screen.blit(wallRight, (x*cellWidth, y*cellHeight))
            else:
                screen.blit(Floor, (x*cellWidth, y*cellHeight)
def redrawgamewindow():
screen.blit(bg, (0, 0))
drawmap(gamemap)
character.draw(screen)
pygame.display.update()

pygame.init()
gamemap = createmap()
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
character = player(0, 0, 32,32)

run = True
while run:
clock.tick(18)

for event in pygame.event.get():
    if event.type == pygame.QUIT:

        run = False

keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT] and character.x > character.vel:
    character.x -= character.vel
    character.left = True
    character.right = False
    character.up = False
    character.down = False
    character.standing = False

elif keys[pygame.K_RIGHT] and character.x < 800 -character.width - character.vel:
    character.x += character.vel
    character.left = False
    character.right = True
    character.up = False
    character.down = False
    character.standing = False

elif keys[pygame.K_UP] and character.y > character.vel:
    character.y -= character.vel
    character.left = False
    character.right = False
    character.up = True
    character.down = False
    character.standing = False
elif keys[pygame.K_DOWN] and character.y < 600 - character.height - character.vel:
    character.y += character.vel
    character.left = False
    character.right = False
    character.up = False
    character.down = True
    character.standing = False
else:
    character.right = False
    character.left = False
    character.up = False
    character.down = False
    character.standing = True

redrawgamewindow()

Answer 1

更改您的 createmap()像这样的函数将在 map 的无聊处创建一个 5 像素的缓冲区。我把它设为 5 像素的原因是因为这就是你的角色运动。

我建议进行一些实际的角色碰撞，以测试您是否超出范围而不管速度如何。

编辑:我已经包含了完整的代码，因为如果我展示它们，我所做的更改会更容易理解。

我已将您的图像列表更改为列表字典，因为这样调用起来更容易。您要求的网格是 30x30。由于您显示的是 32x32 单元格宽度，因此我将 map 更改为 960 x 960。

我已经扩展了您的移动方法来检查碰撞以查看它是否可以在移动之前移动。我也删除了你的 redraw()功能，因为将重绘向下移动更容易。如果你愿意，你可以重新添加它，但在这个例子中，我删除了它。

import pygame

# Based on the paths in your image
# This should work for your image paths
image = pygame.image.load('model/standing1.png')
Standing = pygame.transform.scale(image, (32, 32))
image = pygame.image.load('map/floor.jpg')
Floor = pygame.transform.scale(image, (32, 32))
image = pygame.image.load('map/rightwall.png')
wallRight = pygame.transform.scale(image, (32, 32))

walkLeft = []
walkRight = []
walkUp = []
walkDown = []

for i in range(1, 19):
    image = pygame.image.load('model/r' + str(i) + '.png')
    walkRight.append(pygame.transform.scale(image, (32, 32)))

    image = pygame.image.load('model/l' + str(i) + '.png')
    walkLeft.append(pygame.transform.scale(image, (32, 32)))

    image = pygame.image.load('model/u' + str(i) + '.png')
    walkUp.append(pygame.transform.scale(image, (32, 32)))

    image = pygame.image.load('model/d' + str(i) + '.png')
    walkDown.append(pygame.transform.scale(image, (32, 32)))

class struc_Tile():
    def __init__(self, block_path):
        self.block_path = block_path

class player(object):
    def __init__(self,x,y,width,height):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.vel = 5
        self.walkCount = 0

        # do something like this with your images
        # if you keep your lists in a dict you can avoid
        # all your boolean direction variables and 
        # the lengthy if else statement
        self.images = {}
        self.images['walkleft'] = walkLeft[:]
        self.images['walkright'] = walkRight[:]
        self.images['walkup'] = walkUp[:]
        self.images['walkdown'] = walkDown[:]


    def draw(self, screen, direction):
        if self.walkCount + 1 >= 18:
            self.walkCount = 0

        # since standing is not in your dict check for that first
        if direction == 'standing':
            screen.blit(Standing, (self.x,self.y))
            self.walkCount = 0
        else:
            screen.blit(self.images[direction][self.walkCount], (self.x,self.y))
            self.walkCount += 1


    def can_move(self, dx, dy):
        # with the buffer created around the border of the map
        # you shouldn't have issues with
        # index out of bounds exceptions
        # EDIT: added better collision
        new_x = self.x + dx
        new_y = self.y + dy
        if gamemap[new_x][new_y].block_path == False:
            if gamemap[new_x + cellWidth][new_y].block_path == False:
                if gamemap[new_x][new_y + cellHeight].block_path == False:
                    if gamemap[new_x + cellWidth][new_y + cellHeight].block_path == False:
                        self.x += dx
                        self.y += dy
                        return True

def createmap():
    newmap = [[struc_Tile(False) for y in range(0, mapHeight)] for x in range (0,mapWidth)]

    # give our upper/left borders a cell width buffer
    # and our bottom/right borders a 2 cell width buffer
    # since blit uses the upper left corner this should account
    # for the sprite width
    # EDIT: Fixed this to accommodate the better collision
    for x in range(0, mapWidth):
        for y in range (0, mapHeight):
            if y < 32 or y + cellWidth >= mapHeight:
                newmap[x][y].block_path = True
            elif x < 32 or x + cellWidth >= mapWidth:
                newmap[x][y].block_path = True


    return newmap

def drawmap(maptodraw):
    # only blit at cellwidth and height intervals
    for x in range(0, mapWidth, cellWidth):
        for y in range(0, mapHeight, cellHeight):
            if maptodraw[x][y].block_path == True:
                screen.blit(wallRight, (x, y))
            else:
                screen.blit(Floor, (x, y))

# Added this function which lets you block or unblock a cell
# simply call like gamemap = block_element(5, 10, gamemap)
# this will block the 6th cell on the x axis and 11th on the y axis
# to unblock a cell call it with block=False
def block_element(x, y, maptoblock, block=True):
    x_cells = int(mapWidth / cellWidth)
    y_cells = int(mapHeight / cellHeight)

    start_x = int(x * cellWidth)
    start_y = int(y * cellHeight)

    end_x = start_x + cellWidth
    end_y = start_y + cellHeight

    print(start_x, end_x)

    if x >= 0 and x < x_cells:
        if y >= 0 and y < y_cells:
            for x in range(start_x, end_x):
                for y in range(start_y, end_y):
                    maptoblock[x][y].block_path = block

    return maptoblock   

pygame.init()

mapHeight = 960
mapWidth = 960

cellWidth = 32
cellHeight = 32

screen = pygame.display.set_mode((mapWidth, mapHeight))

gamemap = createmap()
# blocking/unblocking example
gamemap = block_element(5, 10, gamemap)
gamemap = block_element(0, 8, gamemap, block=False)
gamemap = block_element(0, 9, gamemap, block=False)

clock = pygame.time.Clock()
character = player(64, 64, 32, 32)

run = True
while run:
    clock.tick(18)
    pygame.display.update()

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:

            run = False
    # I just used fill since I didn't have a bg image handy
    screen.fill((0, 0, 0))
    drawmap(gamemap)

    # handle the keypresses
    # first check if the character can move that much
    # then draw the movement
    keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
    if keys[pygame.K_LEFT] and character.can_move(0 - character.vel, 0):
        character.draw(screen, 'walkleft')
    elif keys[pygame.K_RIGHT] and character.can_move(character.vel, 0):
        character.draw(screen, 'walkright')
    elif keys[pygame.K_UP] and character.can_move(0, 0 - character.vel):
        character.draw(screen, 'walkup')
    elif keys[pygame.K_DOWN] and character.can_move(0, character.vel):
        character.draw(screen, 'walkdown')
    else:
        character.draw(screen, 'standing')