python - 如何将子类添加到 pygame 中的 Sprite 组

Question

我有一个名为 'Block' 的基类，其 Sprite 组设置为 game.all_sprites和 game.blocks .我有一个 'ground'从块类继承的子类，但我无法改变 Sprite 组。有谁知道如何做到这一点？
块类:

class Block(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, game, x, y, collidable=True):
        self.groups = game.all_sprites, game.blocks
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self, self.groups)
        self.game = game
        self.image = pygame.Surface((SCALE, SCALE))
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.collidable = collidable

    def update(self):
        self.rect.x = self.x * SCALE
        self.rect.y = self.y * SCALE

地面等级:

class Ground(Block):
    def __init__(self, game, x, y, collidable=False):
        self.groups = game.all_sprites, game.grounds
        Block.__init__(self, game, x, y, collidable)

谢谢!

Answer 1

您可以使用可以覆盖的方法来定义组:

class Block(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, game, x, y, collidable=True):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self, self.get_groups(game))
        self.game = game
        ...

    def get_groups(self, game):
        return game.all_sprites, game.blocks


class Ground(Block):

    def __init__(self, game, x, y, collidable=False):
        Block.__init__(self, game, x, y, collidable)

    def get_groups(self, game):
        return game.all_sprites, game.grounds

或者将 Sprite 组的属性名称存储为类属性并动态查找它们，如下所示:

class Block(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    groups = ['all_sprites', 'blocks']

    def __init__(self, game, x, y, collidable=True):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self, (getattr(game, g) for g in self.groups))
        self.game = game
        ...


class Ground(Block):
    groups = ['all_sprites', 'grounds']

    def __init__(self, game, x, y, collidable=False):
        Block.__init__(self, game, x, y, collidable)

或将组作为参数从子类传递给父类:

class Block(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, game, x, y, collidable=True, groups=None):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self, groups or (game.all_sprites, game.blocks))
        self.game = game
        ...


class Ground(Block):

    def __init__(self, game, x, y, collidable=False, groups=None):
        Block.__init__(self, game, x, y, collidable, groups or (game.all_sprites, game.grounds))

事实上，可能性是无穷无尽的:

class Block(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, game, x, y, collidable=True):
        groups = game.all_sprites, getattr(game, self.__class__.__name__.lower() + 's')
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self, groups)
        self.game = game
        ...

我可能会使用选项 3，因为它是明确的，并且没有涉及任何花哨的聪明部分。