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我目前正在为我的大学撰写一篇科学论文,并获得了一些我想做回归的数据。数据如下所示:
P(红色)和 w(蓝色)似乎都遵循 sin 函数。
我适合数据的函数如下所示:
def test_P(x, P0, P1, P2, P3):
return P0 * np.sin(x * P1 + P2) + P3
def test_w(x, w0, w1, w2, w3):
return w0 * np.sin(x * w1 + w2) + w3
time
,
w
和
p
,我做了以下事情:
paramp, paramp_covariance = optimize.curve_fit(test_P, time, P, maxfev=20000)
paramw, paramw_covariance = optimize.curve_fit(test_w, time, w, maxfev=20000)
w
非常适合:
R^2 w = 0.9997
.虽然原力
P
根本不适合。
P
的参数数量所以不要沿着
t
移动或
w
本身是可能的:
def test_P(x, P0, P1):
return P0 * np.sin(x * P1)
test_P(x, P0, P1, P2, P3)
理论上可以。
P0, P1, P2, P3
一些初始值,我可以解决这个问题。
def test_P(x, P0, P1):
return P0 * np.sin(x * P1)
def test_w(x, w0, w1, w2, w3):
return w0 * np.sin(x * w1 + w2) + w3
# time, j, tau, w, P = compute()
time = np.fromstring("0.00000000e+00 2.80568971e-06 5.61137943e-06 8.41706914e-06 "
"1.12227589e-05 1.40284486e-05 1.68341383e-05 1.96398280e-05 "
"2.24455177e-05 2.52512074e-05 2.80568971e-05 3.08625868e-05 "
"3.36682766e-05 3.64739663e-05 3.92796560e-05 4.20853457e-05 "
"4.48910354e-05 4.76967251e-05 5.05024148e-05 5.33081045e-05 "
"5.61137943e-05 5.89194840e-05 6.17251737e-05 6.45308634e-05 "
"6.73365531e-05 7.01422428e-05", sep=' ')
j = 26
w = np.fromstring("0.00000000e+00 5.38570360e-06 6.91685941e-06 1.85449532e-05 "
"3.74039599e-05 6.40181749e-05 9.84056769e-05 1.40161109e-04 "
"1.88501856e-04 2.42324540e-04 3.00295181e-04 3.60927587e-04 "
"4.22660154e-04 4.83951704e-04 5.43352668e-04 5.99555945e-04 "
"6.51467980e-04 6.98222382e-04 7.39199688e-04 7.74056091e-04 "
"8.02681759e-04 8.25178050e-04 8.41902951e-04 8.53367116e-04 "
"8.60248942e-04 8.63521680e-04", sep=' ')
P = np.fromstring("0. 7.28709546 20.71085451 37.0721402 55.07986215 "
"73.54180405 91.39806157 107.70934459 121.67898126 132.68066578 "
"140.27838808 144.23755455 144.52399949 141.28824859 134.84108157 "
"125.62238298 114.1621182 101.04496874 86.87495208 72.24302972 "
"57.7072657 43.77853371 30.9118352 19.52425605 10.03199405 "
"2.97389719 ", sep=' ')
paramp, paramp_covariance = optimize.curve_fit(test_P, time, P, maxfev=100000)
paramw, paramw_covariance = optimize.curve_fit(test_w, time, w, maxfev=100000)
P_fit = np.zeros(j)
w_fit = np.zeros(j)
for i in range(0, j):
P_fit[i] = test_P(time[i], paramp[0], paramp[1])
w_fit[i] = test_w(time[i], paramw[0], paramw[1],paramw[2], paramw[3])
print('R^2 P: ', r2_score(P, P_fit))
print('R^2 w: ', r2_score(w, w_fit))
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# P L O T T E N D E R E R G E B N I S S E
fig, ax1 = plt.subplots()
ax1.set_xlabel('time[s]')
ax1.set_ylabel('Power [kg]')
l1, = ax1.plot(time, P, 'r.', label='P')
l2, = ax1.plot(time, test_P(time, paramp[0], paramp[1]), 'r-', label='P_fit')
ax1.tick_params(axis='y', colors='r')
ax2 = ax1.twinx()
ax2.set_ylabel('w,z [cm]')
l3, = ax2.plot(time, w, 'b.', label='w')
l4, = ax2.plot(time, test_w(time, paramw[0], paramw[1],paramw[2], paramw[3]), 'b-', label='w_fit')
# ax2.plot(time,z,color='tab:cyan',label='z')
ax2.tick_params(axis='y', colors='b')
lines = [l1, l2, l3, l4]
plt.legend(lines, ["P", "P_fit", "w", "w_fit"])
fig.tight_layout()
plt.show()
最佳答案
简答 : 因为sine函数的相位应该绑定(bind)到区间[0,2*np.pi]
.如果你不考虑参数,你显然没有边界问题。您可以指定 bounds
在 scipy.optimize
:
paramp, paramp_covariance = optimize.curve_fit(test_P, time, P, maxfev=100000, bounds = ([-np.inf,-np.inf,0,-np.inf],[np.inf,np.inf,2*np.pi,np.inf]))
w
合适,如果我使用您的代码,我会得到以下图像:
optimize
来说是一致的。职能。如果你那么
限制正弦的相位 ,你得到和以前一样的结果。
P2
上的梯度在内部并没有找到它,搜索直到它达到一些内部“最大步数”参数,所以最好的优化是它的 init。
W
形成一条线。
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from scipy import optimize
def test_P(x, P0, P1, P2, P3):
return P0 * np.sin(x * P1 + P2) + P3
def test_w(x, w0, w1, w2, w3):
return w0 * np.sin(x * w1 + w2) + w3
# time, j, tau, w, P = compute()
time = np.fromstring("0.00000000e+00 2.80568971e-06 5.61137943e-06 8.41706914e-06 "
"1.12227589e-05 1.40284486e-05 1.68341383e-05 1.96398280e-05 "
"2.24455177e-05 2.52512074e-05 2.80568971e-05 3.08625868e-05 "
"3.36682766e-05 3.64739663e-05 3.92796560e-05 4.20853457e-05 "
"4.48910354e-05 4.76967251e-05 5.05024148e-05 5.33081045e-05 "
"5.61137943e-05 5.89194840e-05 6.17251737e-05 6.45308634e-05 "
"6.73365531e-05 7.01422428e-05", sep=' ')
j = 26
w = np.fromstring("0.00000000e+00 5.38570360e-06 6.91685941e-06 1.85449532e-05 "
"3.74039599e-05 6.40181749e-05 9.84056769e-05 1.40161109e-04 "
"1.88501856e-04 2.42324540e-04 3.00295181e-04 3.60927587e-04 "
"4.22660154e-04 4.83951704e-04 5.43352668e-04 5.99555945e-04 "
"6.51467980e-04 6.98222382e-04 7.39199688e-04 7.74056091e-04 "
"8.02681759e-04 8.25178050e-04 8.41902951e-04 8.53367116e-04 "
"8.60248942e-04 8.63521680e-04", sep=' ')
P = np.fromstring("0. 7.28709546 20.71085451 37.0721402 55.07986215 "
"73.54180405 91.39806157 107.70934459 121.67898126 132.68066578 "
"140.27838808 144.23755455 144.52399949 141.28824859 134.84108157 "
"125.62238298 114.1621182 101.04496874 86.87495208 72.24302972 "
"57.7072657 43.77853371 30.9118352 19.52425605 10.03199405 "
"2.97389719 ", sep=' ')
print(P)
paramp, paramp_covariance = optimize.curve_fit(test_P, time, P, maxfev=100000, bounds = ([-np.inf,-np.inf,0,-np.inf],[np.inf,np.inf,2*np.pi,np.inf]))
print(paramp)
paramw, paramw_covariance = optimize.curve_fit(test_w, time, w, maxfev=100000)
print(paramw)
P_fit = np.zeros(j)
w_fit = np.zeros(j)
for i in range(0, j):
P_fit[i] = test_P(time[i], paramp[0], paramp[1], paramp[2], paramp[3])
w_fit[i] = test_w(time[i], paramw[0], paramw[1],paramw[2], paramw[3])
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# P L O T T E N D E R E R G E B N I S S E
fig, ax1 = plt.subplots()
ax1.set_xlabel('time[s]')
ax1.set_ylabel('Power [kg]')
l1, = ax1.plot(time, P, 'r.', label='P')
l2, = ax1.plot(time, test_P(time, paramp[0], paramp[1], paramp[2], paramp[3]), 'r-', label='P_fit')
ax1.tick_params(axis='y', colors='r')
ax2 = ax1.twinx()
ax2.set_ylabel('w,z [cm]')
l3, = ax2.plot(time, w, 'b.', label='w')
l4, = ax2.plot(time, test_w(time, paramw[0], paramw[1],paramw[2], paramw[3]), 'b-', label='w_fit')
# ax2.plot(time,z,color='tab:cyan',label='z')
ax2.tick_params(axis='y', colors='b')
lines = [l1, l2, l3, l4]
plt.legend(lines, ["P", "P_fit", "w", "w_fit"])
fig.tight_layout()
plt.show()
关于Python最小二乘拟合数据,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/62340708/
我有以下数字数组: var array = [5,9,12,19,23,24,31,44,49,62]; 我试图找出每一个是偶数和合数,奇数和合数,还是奇数和素数。我首先尝试找到偶数和合数: for
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