python - python中模式匹配时间格式的正则表达式

Question

我希望在 python 中使用正则表达式匹配以下时间格式，并在找到/未在一行中找到匹配时标记 True 或 False。示例文本如下。如何仅使用正则表达式来完成此任务？

凌晨 2 点至晚上 8 点

上午 2:00 - 晚上 8:00

08:00am-05:00pm

上午 5:30 - 晚上 8:59

人们可以观察到'_am - _pm' 和'_am-_pm' 模式在每个符号中都是一致的。冒号和空格匹配的数字格式是我一直在尝试做的。以下是我从 here 中发现的内容

HH:MM 12-hour format, optional leading 0, mandatory meridiems (AM/PM)
/((1[0-2]|0?[1-9]):([0-5][0-9]) ?([AaPp][Mm]))/

示例文本:

Lorem Ipsum is dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry between 2am-8pm. 
Contrary to popular belief, Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text. : False
Lorem has been the industry between 2:00am - 8:00pm standard dummy text since the 1500s. 
It has survived not only five centuries, but also between 08:00am-05:00pm 
It was popularised from 5:30am - 8:59pm with the release of Letraset sheets. 
More recently with desktop publishing software like Aldus PageMaker 983-765-0976. 

期望的输出:

Lorem Ipsum is dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry between 2am-8pm. : True
Contrary to popular belief, Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text. : False
Lorem has been the industry between 2:00am - 8:00pm standard dummy text since the 1500s. : True
It has survived not only five centuries, but also between 08:00am-05:00pm : True
It was popularised from 5:30am - 8:59pm with the release of Letraset sheets. : True
More recently with desktop publishing software like Aldus PageMaker 983-765-0976. : False

Answer 1

您可以使用

(?i)(?<!\d)(?:1[0-2]|0?[1-9])(?::(?:[0-5][0-9]))?\s?[ap]m\s*-\s*(?:1[0-2]|0?[1-9])(?::(?:[0-5][0-9]))?\s?[ap]m\b

见 regex demo
详情

(?i) -

上的不区分大小写模式

(?<!\d) - 不允许前面有数字

(?:1[0-2]|0?[1-9])(?::(?:[0-5][0-9]))? - 时间模式:

(?:1[0-2]|0?[1-9]) - 0至 12带有可选的前导 0之前 1-9数字

(?::(?:[0-5][0-9]))? - 一个可选的分钟序列，带有 :分隔符

\s? - 一个可选的空格

[ap]m - a或 p然后 m

\s*-\s* - 用 0+ 个空格括起来的连字符

(?:1[0-2]|0?[1-9])(?::(?:[0-5][0-9]))?\s?[ap]m - 与上述相同的时间模式

\b - 字边界。

Python demo :

import re
time = r'(?:1[0-2]|0?[1-9])(?::(?:[0-5][0-9]))?\s?[ap]m'
pattern = re.compile(r'(?i)(?<!\d){0}\s*-\s*{0}\b'.format(time))
texts = ['Lorem Ipsum is dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry between 2am-8pm.',
'Contrary to popular belief, Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text.',
'Lorem has been the industry between 2:00am - 8:00pm standard dummy text since the 1500s.',
'It has survived not only five centuries, but also between 08:00am-05:00pm',
'It was popularised from 5:30am - 8:59pm with the release of Letraset sheets.',
'More recently with desktop publishing software like Aldus PageMaker 983-765-0976.']
for text in texts:
    print (text, bool(pattern.search(text)), sep=" : ")

输出:

Lorem Ipsum is dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry between 2am-8pm. : True
Contrary to popular belief, Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text. : False
Lorem has been the industry between 2:00am - 8:00pm standard dummy text since the 1500s. : True
It has survived not only five centuries, but also between 08:00am-05:00pm : True
It was popularised from 5:30am - 8:59pm with the release of Letraset sheets. : True
More recently with desktop publishing software like Aldus PageMaker 983-765-0976. : False