AWS m6g 实例上的 python

Question

我正在尝试在 AWS m6g 实例上安装一个合理的 python 3 - 这是他们最新和最好的，这就是问题所在。它是一个 ARM64 盒子，所以没有安装 anaconda(我知道)。我正在通过 pip3 手动安装软件包，并且在大量加载了必需的系统软件包、编译器等之后，大多数情况下都可以使用 matplotlib 的异常(exception)情况，它提供了(抱歉，不知道如何缩进所有的四个空格以下)。有任何想法吗？

    pip3 install matplotlib --user
Collecting matplotlib
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/9c/4b/06f4aa9bef6b5e4f177881b4dedd94faa6e7cb3d95dfaeaa8a1a8b541095/matplotlib-3.2.2.tar.gz
Collecting cycler>=0.10 (from matplotlib)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f7/d2/e07d3ebb2bd7af696440ce7e754c59dd546ffe1bbe732c8ab68b9c834e61/cycler-0.10.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting kiwisolver>=1.0.1 (from matplotlib)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/62/b8/db619d97819afb52a3ff5ff6ad3f7de408cc83a8ec2dfb31a1731c0a97c2/kiwisolver-1.2.0.tar.gz
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    warning: no files found matching '*.png' under directory 'docs/source'
    no previously-included directories found matching '.git'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'dist'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'build'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/build'
    zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents...
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 154, in save_modules
        yield saved
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 195, in setup_context
        yield
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 250, in run_setup
        _execfile(setup_script, ns)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 45, in _execfile
        exec(code, globals, locals)
      File "/tmp/easy_install-c8bpoixa/cppy-1.1.0/setup.py", line 24, in <module>
        'py/solver.cpp',
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 129, in setup
        return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
      File "/usr/lib64/python3.7/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
        dist.run_commands()
      File "/usr/lib64/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
        self.run_command(cmd)
      File "/usr/lib64/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 218, in run
        os.path.join(archive_root, 'EGG-INFO'), self.zip_safe()
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 269, in zip_safe
        return analyze_egg(self.bdist_dir, self.stubs)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 379, in analyze_egg
        safe = scan_module(egg_dir, base, name, stubs) and safe
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 416, in scan_module
        code = marshal.load(f)
    ValueError: bad marshal data (unknown type code)
    
    During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
    
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/tmp/pip-build-6x1f9zgp/kiwisolver/setup.py", line 80, in <module>
        cmdclass={'build_ext': BuildExt},
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 128, in setup
        _install_setup_requires(attrs)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 123, in _install_setup_requires
        dist.fetch_build_eggs(dist.setup_requires)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 461, in fetch_build_eggs
        replace_conflicting=True,
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 866, in resolve
        replace_conflicting=replace_conflicting
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 1146, in best_match
        return self.obtain(req, installer)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 1158, in obtain
        return installer(requirement)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 528, in fetch_build_egg
        return cmd.easy_install(req)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 672, in easy_install
        return self.install_item(spec, dist.location, tmpdir, deps)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 698, in install_item
        dists = self.install_eggs(spec, download, tmpdir)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 881, in install_eggs
        return self.build_and_install(setup_script, setup_base)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1149, in build_and_install
        self.run_setup(setup_script, setup_base, args)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1135, in run_setup
        run_setup(setup_script, args)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 253, in run_setup
        raise
      File "/usr/lib64/python3.7/contextlib.py", line 130, in __exit__
        self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 195, in setup_context
        yield
      File "/usr/lib64/python3.7/contextlib.py", line 130, in __exit__
        self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 166, in save_modules
        saved_exc.resume()
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 141, in resume
        six.reraise(type, exc, self._tb)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/six.py", line 685, in reraise
        raise value.with_traceback(tb)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 154, in save_modules
        yield saved
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 195, in setup_context
        yield
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 250, in run_setup
        _execfile(setup_script, ns)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 45, in _execfile
        exec(code, globals, locals)
      File "/tmp/easy_install-c8bpoixa/cppy-1.1.0/setup.py", line 24, in <module>
        'py/solver.cpp',
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 129, in setup
        return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
      File "/usr/lib64/python3.7/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
        dist.run_commands()
      File "/usr/lib64/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
        self.run_command(cmd)
      File "/usr/lib64/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 218, in run
        os.path.join(archive_root, 'EGG-INFO'), self.zip_safe()
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 269, in zip_safe
        return analyze_egg(self.bdist_dir, self.stubs)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 379, in analyze_egg
        safe = scan_module(egg_dir, base, name, stubs) and safe
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 416, in scan_module
        code = marshal.load(f)
    ValueError: bad marshal data (unknown type code)
    
    ----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-6x1f9zgp/kiwisolver/
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-71-160 bin]$ 

Answer 1

matplotlib 的许多依赖项有新的aarch64自从您发布此问题以来，最近几个月已将轮子上传到 pypi.org。 matplotlib本身没有 aarch64车轮可用，但最近 change was merged build 一个，所以它可能很快就会有一个可用的。即使 matplotlib还没有发布二进制轮，我可以在 Ubuntu 20.04 上安装它。构建需要一两分钟，但它有效:

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install python3-pip
$ sudo pip3 install matplotlib

为了完整起见，我能够使用以下 Dockerfile 在 Ubuntu 20.04 Arm 上安装一整套 Python 数据科学包。 (如果您不使用 Docker，只需运行 apt 和 pip 命令。)由于它从源代码构建了许多这些包，因此需要很长时间才能完成。
随着越来越多的 Python 包开始发布 aarch64轮子，这应该过时了。

FROM ubuntu:focal

ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
        build-essential \
        python3-pip \
        python3-dev \
        libfreetype-dev \
        libopenblas64-dev \
        mklibs \
        libmlpack-dev \
        libatlas-base-dev \
        liblapack64-dev \
        libffi-dev \
        gfortran

RUN pip3 install jupyterlab matplotlib numpy pandas seaborn