使用 id、时间和具有多个数据变量的一列 reshape R 中的数据框

Question

我没有找到任何指定如何使用时间列、id 列和具有多个变量的列来 reshape 数据框的任何内容，这些变量我想在不同的列中使用。

如果只需要两个类别，它的微不足道:

How to reshape data from long to wide format?

Reshaping data frame in R

但是，我有:

geo    time    indic_na    value
AT    2014Q1    B11        2556
BE    2014Q1    B11        1506.0
...   ...       ...        ...
AT    2014Q1    B1G        72065.1

而且我要:

geo    time    B11       B1G       ...
AT     2014Q1  2556      72065.1   ...
AT     2013Q4  2535.4    ...
...    ...     ...       ...       ...
BE     2014Q1  1506.0    86513.0   ...

所以我希望 indic_na 中的每个唯一字符串都成为一个列变量。要获取数据:

install.packages("SmarterPoland")
library(zoo)
library(SmarterPoland)
GDP <- getEurostatRCV(kod = "namq_gdp_c")
GDP$time = as.yearqtr(GDP$time)
GDP <- subset(GDP, (s_adj == "SWDA") & (unit == "MIO_EUR") & (time > "1989Q4"))

然后我尝试:

testvector <- as.vector(unique(GDP$indic_na))
test <- reshape(data = GDP, direction = "long", idvar = "geo", timevar = "time", varying = testvector)

在 maaany 其他“变化”的事情中；-) 我收到此错误消息:

Error in guess(varying) :

failed to guess time-varying variables from their names

我感觉如此接近!但不知何故，我无法告诉 R 变量在我的数据框的第三列中。我在网上找到的所有示例都已经在不同的列中具有不同的变量，或者只有 id OR time 和一列变量。

任何帮助都会很棒!

易于重现的数据

> dput(head(GDP))
structure(list(geo = structure(c(1L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L), .Names = c("SWDA,MIO_EUR,B11,AT", 
"SWDA,MIO_EUR,B11,BE", "SWDA,MIO_EUR,B11,BG", "SWDA,MIO_EUR,B11,CH", 
"SWDA,MIO_EUR,B11,CY", "SWDA,MIO_EUR,B11,CZ"), .Label = c("AT", 
"BA", "BE", "BG", "CH", "CY", "CZ", "DE", "DK", "EA", "EA12", 
"EA17", "EA18", "EE", "EL", "ES", "EU15", "EU27", "EU28", "FI", 
"FR", "HR", "HU", "IE", "IS", "IT", "JP", "LT", "LU", "LV", "ME", 
"MK", "MT", "NL", "NO", "PL", "PT", "RO", "RS", "SE", "SI", "SK", 
"TR", "UK", "US"), class = "factor"), time = structure(c(2014, 
2014, 2014, 2014, 2014, 2014), class = "yearqtr"), indic_na = structure(c(1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Names = c("SWDA,MIO_EUR,B11,AT", "SWDA,MIO_EUR,B11,BE", 
"SWDA,MIO_EUR,B11,BG", "SWDA,MIO_EUR,B11,CH", "SWDA,MIO_EUR,B11,CY", 
"SWDA,MIO_EUR,B11,CZ"), .Label = c("B11", "B111", "B112", "B1G", 
"B1GM", "B1GM_XE", "B1GM_XI", "B1GM_XO", "B2G_B3G", "D1", "D2_M_D3", 
"D21_M_D31", "P3", "P3_P5", "P3_S13", "P31_S13", "P31_S14", "P31_S14_S15", 
"P31_S15", "P32_S13", "P5", "P51", "P52", "P52_P53", "P53", "P6", 
"P7"), class = "factor"), value = c(2556.8, 1506, NA, NA, NA, 
3056.1)), .Names = c("geo", "time", "indic_na", "value"), row.names = 7753:7758, class = "data.frame")

Answer 1

谢谢你这么清楚的问题!新用户很少见。我推荐 reshape2在 reshape .

GDP <- subset(GDP, (s_adj == "SWDA") & (unit == "MIO_EUR") & (time > "1989Q4"),
              select = c("geo", "time", "indic_na", "value"))
# Making your data match your example 

library(reshape2)    
GDP_wide <- dcast(GDP, geo + time ~ indic_na, value.var = "value")

> head(GDP_wide)
  geo    time    B11    B111   B112 ...
1  AT 1990 Q1  -64.3 -1407.1 1337.6 
2  AT 1990 Q2  -37.2 -1432.0 1450.3
3  AT 1990 Q3  -39.4 -1457.4 1544.2
4  AT 1990 Q4  -78.7 -1546.7 1592.7
5  AT 1991 Q1 -140.2 -1771.9 1583.0
6  AT 1991 Q2 -183.7 -1938.5 1568.3