java - 将数组从高到低排序

Question

我正在尝试用 Java 对数组进行排序，我只想要前 3 个值。
//A:55,B:45,C:5,D:35,E:35,F:1

       int a[] = {A,B,C,D,E,F};

       float first =0;
       float second=0;
       float third =0;

       for (int i=0; i<a.length; i++){
           if(first <= a[i]){
               first=a[i];
           }
       }System.out.println("first largest is "+first);

       for (int j=0; j<a.length; j++){
           if(a[j] <=first && a[j] > second){
               second = a[j];
           }
       }System.out.println("second largest is "+second);

       for (int k=0;k<a.length; k++){
           if(a[k]<=second && a[k]>third){
                       
               third =a[k];
           }
       }System.out.println("third largest is "+third);

这里的另一件事是，如果 A 和 B 相等，它应该给我 A，如果 D 和 E 相等，它应该提供 D 作为答案。所以最终答案应该是ABD。

Answer 1

Max Heap数据结构是你的 friend :

public static void main(String[] args) {
    char[] arr = { 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F' };

    List<Character> sorted = sortAngGetTopThree(arr);

    System.out.println("first largest is " + sorted.get(0));
    System.out.println("second largest is " + sorted.get(1));
    System.out.println("third largest is " + sorted.get(2));
}

public static List<Character> sortAngGetTopThree(char... arr) {
    Map<Character, Integer> map = Map.of('A', 55, 'B', 45, 'C', 5, 'D', 35, 'E', 35, 'F', 1);

    Comparator<Character> sortByValueAndLetterDesc = (one, two) -> {
        int res = Integer.compare(map.get(two), map.get(one));  // sort by number desc first
        return res == 0 ? Character.compare(one, two) : res;    // sort by letter asc second
    };

    Queue<Character> maxHeap = new PriorityQueue<>(sortByValueAndLetterDesc);

    for (char ch : arr)
        maxHeap.add(ch);

    List<Character> res = new ArrayList<>(3);

    for (int i = 0; i < 3 && !maxHeap.isEmpty(); i++)
        res.add(maxHeap.remove());

    return res;
}