c#-3.0 - 等于和 GetHashCode

Question

你如何看待这个 Person 类？像这样覆盖 Equals 和 GetHashCode 是一个坏主意还是最佳实践？

public class Person {
    public int PersonId { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public override bool Equals(object obj) {
        var person = obj as Person;

        return PersonId == person.PersonId;
    }
    public override int GetHashCode() {
        return PersonId;
    }

}

用法 :

 static void Main(string[] args) {           

            var list = new List<Person>();
            list.Add(new Person(){ PersonId = 1, Name = "Mike"});
            list.Add(new Person() { PersonId = 2, Name = "Michael Sync" });
            list.Add(new Person(){ PersonId = 1, Name = "Mike"});

            var list1 = new List<Person>();
            list1.Add(new Person() { PersonId = 1, Name = "Mike" });
            list1.Add(new Person() { PersonId = 3, Name = "Julia" });

            var except = list.Except(list1);

            foreach (var item in except) {
                Console.WriteLine(item.Name);
            }
            Console.ReadKey();

        }

Answer 1

几点:

它不是空安全或“不同类型”安全。试试这个:

new Person().Equals(new Object());

或者

new Person().Equals(null);

砰。

定义相等操作的类通常应该是不可变的 IMO。例如，在将对象用作字典键后更改其内容是一件坏事。

考虑实现 IEquatable<Person>

一个快速的重新实现，它仍然假设你想要完全基于 ID 的相等性。

public sealed class Person : IEquatable<Person> {

    private readonly int personId;
    public int PersonId { get { return personId; }

    private readonly string name;
    public string Name { get { return name; } }

    public Person(int personId, string name) {
        // Is a null name valid? If not, throw here.
        this.personId = personId;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public override bool Equals(object obj) {
        return Equals(obj as Person);
    }

    public Equals(Person other) {
        return other != null && other.personId == personId;
    }

    public override int GetHashCode() {
        return personId;
    }
}