python - 如何禁用和启用 python tkinter 框架中的所有小部件

Question

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
import mysql.connector
from tkinter import messagebox

mydb = mysql.connector.connect(host="localhost", user="root", passwd="")
mycursor = mydb.cursor()
mycursor.execute("CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS STUDENT_RECORDS")
mycursor.execute("USE STUDENT_RECORDS")
mycursor.execute("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS STU (ROLL_NO INT, NAME VARCHAR(255), EMAIL VARCHAR(255), GENDER VARCHAR(255), CONTACT VARCHAR(255), DOB VARCHAR(255), ADDRESS VARCHAR(255))")

class Students:
    def __init__(self, root):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title("Student Management System")
        self.root.geometry("1350x700+0+0")
        color = "blue"

        title = Label(self.root, text="Student Management System", bd=10, relief=GROOVE, font=("times new roman", 40, "bold"), bg="yellow", fg="red")
        title.pack(side=TOP, fill=X)

#=================All Variables
        self.Roll_no_var = StringVar()
        self.name_var = StringVar()
        self.email_var = StringVar()
        self.gender_var = StringVar()
        self.contact_var = StringVar()
        self.dob_var = StringVar()

        self.searchby_var = StringVar()
        self.searchtxt_var = StringVar()


#=================MANAGE FRAME
        self.Manage_Frame = Frame(self.root, bd=4, relief=RIDGE, bg=color)
        self.Manage_Frame.place(x=20,y=100,width=450,height=600)

        m_title = Label(self.Manage_Frame, text="Manage Students", bd=10, font=("times new roman", 30, "bold"), bg=color, fg="white")
        m_title.grid(row=0,columnspan=2,pady=20)

        lbl_roll = Label(self.Manage_Frame, text="ROLL NO.", font=("times new roman", 20, "bold"), bg=color, fg="white")
        lbl_roll.grid(row=1, column=0, pady=10, padx=20, sticky="w")

        txt_roll = Entry(self.Manage_Frame, textvariable=self.Roll_no_var, font=("times new roman", 15, "bold"), bd=5, relief=GROOVE)
        txt_roll.grid(row=1, column=1, pady=10, padx=20, sticky="w")

        lbl_name = Label(self.Manage_Frame, text="Name", font=("times new roman", 20, "bold"), bg=color, fg="white")
        lbl_name.grid(row=2, column=0, pady=10, padx=20, sticky="w")
        print(type(lbl_name))
        txt_name = Entry(self.Manage_Frame, textvariable=self.name_var, font=("times new roman", 15, "bold"), bd=5, relief=GROOVE)
        txt_name.grid(row=2, column=1, pady=10, padx=20, sticky="w")

        lbl_Email = Label(self.Manage_Frame, text="Email", font=("times new roman", 20, "bold"), bg=color, fg="white")
        lbl_Email.grid(row=3, column=0, pady=10, padx=20, sticky="w")

        txt_Email = Entry(self.Manage_Frame, textvariable=self.email_var, font=("times new roman", 15, "bold"), bd=5, relief=GROOVE)
        txt_Email.grid(row=3, column=1, pady=10, padx=20, sticky="w")

        lbl_gender = Label(self.Manage_Frame, text="Gender", font=("times new roman", 20, "bold"), bg=color, fg="white")
        lbl_gender.grid(row=4, column=0, pady=10, padx=20, sticky="w")

        combo_gender = ttk.Combobox(self.Manage_Frame, textvariable=self.gender_var, font=("times new roman", 13, "bold"), state="readonly")
        combo_gender['values']=("Male", "Female", "Other")
        combo_gender.grid(row=4, column=1, pady=10, padx=20)

        lbl_contact = Label(self.Manage_Frame, text="Contact", font=("times new roman", 20, "bold"), bg=color, fg="white")
        lbl_contact.grid(row=5, column=0, pady=10, padx=20, sticky="w")

        txt_contact = Entry(self.Manage_Frame, textvariable=self.contact_var, font=("times new roman", 15, "bold"), bd=5, relief=GROOVE)
        txt_contact.grid(row=5, column=1, pady=10, padx=20, sticky="w")

        lbl_dob = Label(self.Manage_Frame, text="D.O.B", font=("times new roman", 20, "bold"), bg=color, fg="white")
        lbl_dob.grid(row=6, column=0, pady=10, padx=20, sticky="w")

        txt_dob = Entry(self.Manage_Frame, textvariable=self.dob_var, font=("times new roman", 15, "bold"), bd=5, relief=GROOVE)
        txt_dob.grid(row=6, column=1, pady=10, padx=20, sticky="w")

        lbl_address = Label(self.Manage_Frame, text="Address", font=("times new roman", 20, "bold"), bg=color, fg="white")
        lbl_address.grid(row=7, column=0, pady=10, padx=20, sticky="w")

        self.txt_address = Text(self.Manage_Frame, font=("", 10, "bold"), height=4, width=30)
        self.txt_address.grid(row=7, column=1, pady=10, padx=20, sticky="w")

#=================BUTTON FRAME
        btn_Frame = Frame(self.Manage_Frame, bd=4, relief=RIDGE, bg=color)
        btn_Frame.place(x=18,y=540,width=420)

        add_btn = Button(btn_Frame, text="ADD", width=10).grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=5)
        update_btn = Button(btn_Frame, text="UPDATE", width=10).grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=5)
        delete_btn = Button(btn_Frame, text="DELETE", width=10).grid(row=0, column=2, padx=10, pady=5)
        clear_btn = Button(btn_Frame, text="CLEAR", width=10).grid(row=0, column=3, padx=10, pady=5)

#==================ON OFF BUTTON FRAME
        on_off_btn_Frame = Frame(self.root, bd=4, relief=RIDGE, bg='red')
        on_off_btn_Frame.place(x=1305,y=100,width=55, height=70)

        on_btn = Button(on_off_btn_Frame, text='ON', command=self.on_all).pack(fill=X, side=TOP)
        off_btn = Button(on_off_btn_Frame, text='OFF', command=self.off_all).pack(fill=X, side=BOTTOM)

#=================TABLE FRAME
        Table_Frame = Frame(self.root, bd=4, relief=RIDGE, bg="crimson")
        Table_Frame.place(x=500,y=110, width=760, height=500)

        scrollx = Scrollbar(Table_Frame, orient=HORIZONTAL)
        scrolly = Scrollbar(Table_Frame, orient=VERTICAL)
        self.Student_table = ttk.Treeview(Table_Frame, columns=("Roll", "Name", "Email", "Gender", "Contact", "dob", "Address"), xscrollcommand=scrollx.set, yscrollcommand=scrolly.set)
        scrollx.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)
        scrolly.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y)
        scrollx.config(command=self.Student_table.xview)
        scrolly.config(command=self.Student_table.yview)
        self.Student_table.heading("Roll", text="Roll No.")
        self.Student_table.heading("Name", text="Name")
        self.Student_table.heading("Email", text="Email")
        self.Student_table.heading("Gender", text="Gender")
        self.Student_table.heading("Contact", text="Contact")
        self.Student_table.heading("dob", text="D.O.B")
        self.Student_table.heading("Address", text="Address")

        self.Student_table['show']='headings'
        self.Student_table.column("Roll", width=100)
        self.Student_table.column("Name", width=100)
        self.Student_table.column("Email", width=100)
        self.Student_table.column("Gender", width=100)
        self.Student_table.column("Contact", width=100)
        self.Student_table.column("dob", width=100)
        self.Student_table.column("Address", width=150)
        self.Student_table.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=1)

    def on_all(self):
        for child in self.Manage_Frame.winfo_children():
            child.configure(state='normal')

    def off_all(self):
        for child in self.Manage_Frame.winfo_children():
            child.configure(state='disabled')



root = Tk()
st = Students(root)
root.mainloop()

在这部分我收到错误。

    def on_all(self):
        for child in self.Detail_Frame.winfo_children():
            child.configure(state='normal')

    def off_all(self):
        for child in self.Detail_Frame.winfo_children():
            child.configure(state='disabled')

错误:

Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Manish Gusain\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1705, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
  File "C:/Users/Manish Gusain/PycharmProjects/Student_Management_System.py", line 233, in off_all
    child.configure(state='disabled')
  File "C:\Users\Manish Gusain\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1485, in configure
    return self._configure('configure', cnf, kw)
  File "C:\Users\Manish Gusain\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1476, in _configure
    self.tk.call(_flatten((self._w, cmd)) + self._options(cnf))
_tkinter.TclError: unknown option "-state"

我想要做的是当我点击关闭按钮时，框架中的所有小部件都应该被禁用，当我点击打开按钮时，框架中的所有小部件都应该再次启用。但是当我单击“关闭”按钮或“打开”按钮时，它会显示此错误。
其次，如何在单击隐藏按钮时隐藏 tkinter 主窗口中除标题之外的所有内容，并在单击显示按钮时再次显示所有内容。

Answer 1

关于你的两个问题:

Frame 对象没有 state属性，以便您可以检查小部件是否为框架并跳过更新。您还可以使用 try\except 块来捕获错误。下面的代码两者都做。

要隐藏主框架，只需将其移出屏幕，使其在窗体上不可见

这是更新的代码。您需要添加 self到 Table_Frame引用，因此可以在 on\off 方法中访问它。

    self.Table_Frame = Frame(self.root, bd=4, relief=RIDGE, bg="crimson")  # chnge to self.Table_Frame
    self.Table_Frame.place(x=500,y=110, width=760, height=500)

    scrollx = Scrollbar(self.Table_Frame, orient=HORIZONTAL)
    scrolly = Scrollbar(self.Table_Frame, orient=VERTICAL)
    self.Student_table = ttk.Treeview(self.Table_Frame, columns=("Roll", "Name", "Email", "Gender", "Contact", "dob", "Address"), xscrollcommand=scrollx.set, yscrollcommand=scrolly.set)

.............

def on_all(self):
    self.Table_Frame.place(x=500,y=110, width=760, height=500)  # on screen
    for child in self.Manage_Frame.winfo_children():
        try:
            if child.widgetName != 'frame':  # frame has no state, so skip
               child.configure(state='normal')
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)

def off_all(self):
    self.Table_Frame.place(x=5000,y=110, width=760, height=500)  # off screen
    for child in self.Manage_Frame.winfo_children():
        try:
            if child.widgetName != 'frame':  # frame has no state, so skip
                child.configure(state='disabled')
        except Exception as e:
            print(e) 

输出(开)

输出(关闭)